Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KOMP > Key Terms and Proteins > Flashcards

Key Terms and Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

trophoblast

A

cells that form the outer layer of the blastocyst. Attach to wall of the uterus, protect embryo and form part of the placenta. Forms during pre-implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

embryonic placental tissue

A

originates from the ectoplacental cone and extra-embryonic ectoderm. Endothelial cells derive from the allantois

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Labyrinth

A

selective barrier on the fetal side of the placenta, an array of fetal and maternal vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

junctional zone

A

spongy layer, produces hormones and contains numerous cavities. The trophoblast cells form spongiotrophoblasts and the glycogen cells that at E12.5 migrate into the maternal decider

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

giant cells

A

trophoblast cells next to the uterine cells. form the outermost fetal cell layer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

chorion

A

the outermost membrane of the embryo, contributes to placenta formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

allantois

A

the fetal membrane lying below th chorion, formed as an outgrowth of the embryo’s gut, forms part of the placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

yolk sac

A

endodermal origin, provides nutrients and gas exchange, hematopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

amnion

A

innermost membrane that encloses the embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

VE

A

visceral endoderm, forms endodermal portion of yolk sac. Is derived from primitive endoderm. shares remarkable molecular properties with the epiblast derived definitive endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

DE

A

definitive endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SOX2

A

E7.5 - identifies anterior neurectoderm and extra embryonic ectoderm
E8.5 - identifies entire neural tube and marks specific parts of the foregut
E9.5 - found throughout the neural tube and the dorsal portion of the optic placode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

FOXA1

A

E7.5 - embryonic endoderm and the node
E8.5 - expressed throughout the foregut, the floor plate of the neural tube and the notochord
E9.5 - expression in the floor plate of the notochord. Expression in unspecified endodermal tissue and low-undetectable expression in specified endodermal organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

SMA

A

no expression prior to E8.5
E8.5 - identifies primitive heart tube
E9.25 - used to identify vessels that have undergone or are undergoing angiogenesis, including those in the yolk sac and allantois

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

PDX1

A

identifies dorsal and ventral pancreas prior to E9.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

HNF4a

A

identifies liver bud at E8.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ERG

A

endothelial marker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

FLK-1

A

endothelial marker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pitx2

A

left/right marker (marks the left side)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

GBX2

A

hindbrain marker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

SOX9

A

identifies gall bladder bud at E9.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

TTF-1

A

identifies thyroid bud at E8.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

E-cadherin

A

used to assess the integrity of the epithelial layer of the yolk sac, used to differentiate the outer maternal decider from the midd layer and the branching allantois/chorionic derivatives that will produce the labyrinthian layers

24
Q

CDX2

A

identifies the mid and handgun

25
Q

PECAM

A

used to observe the development of the vascular network

26
Q

FOXA2

A

pan endodermal marker

27
Q

SOX17

A

pan endodermal marker

28
Q

OTX2

A

forebrain/midbrain marker

29
Q

zona pellucida

A

thick transparent membrane surrounding a mammalian ovum before implantation

30
Q

decidualization

A

process by which endometrial stromal fibroblasts become specialized secretory decimal cells during pregnancy. Process is under the influence of estrogen and progesterone

31
Q

extra embryonic mesoderm

A

forms during gastrulation, forms the allantois and layers of the amnion and chorion

32
Q

Fusion of chorion and allantois

A

E8.5, allows the invagination of the extra-embryonic mesoderm derived blood vessels into the chorionic trophoblast layer

33
Q

OCT4 and CDX2

A

transcription factors important for initiating the first cell fate decision, leading to the establishment of trophoblast and ICM cells

34
Q

OCT4 expression

A

retained in mouse blastomere until early blastocyst forms

35
Q

CDX2 expression

A

starts to become progressively restricted to outer cells upon compaction of the morula-stage mouse at around E2.5. Instrumental in establishing a trophoblast transcriptional program.

36
Q

YAP1 and TEAD4

A

activate transcription of CDX2

37
Q

Essrb and Sox2

A

very sensitive to FGF signaling, which is requirement for early trophoblast maintenance in vivo and propagation of mTSCs in vitro. Not as important in human placenta development

38
Q

TFAP2C

A

less abundant in mESCs than in mTSCs, and these reduced levels may make the protein interaction with SOX2 less prominent in the embryonic compartment.

39
Q

ESRRB

A

interacts with the histone demethylase KDM2A (LSD1) and with the RNA polymase II-associated Integrator complex in mTSCs, but not in mESCs, which may underpin its role in binding to and activating mTSC self renewal genes.

40
Q

ELF5, EOMES and TFAC2C

A

form a complex

41
Q

in mTSCs, ELF5 and EOMES

A

preferentially interacts with EOMES which is abundantly expression in the mTSC stat. he EOMES-ELF5 protein complex binds in particular to trophoblast self renewal genes and promote their expression.

42
Q

TFAP2C levels exceed those of EOMES

A

The tipping point between self-renewal and differentiatio.
The now preferred TPA2C-ELF5 interaction triggers a relocation of the transcription factor complex to differntiation-promoting genes, inducing their regulation.

43
Q

parietal endoderm

A

derived from the primitive endoderm

44
Q

Cdx2

A

marker of trophoblast stem cells

45
Q

Eomes

A

marker of trophoblast stem cells

46
Q

Elf5

A

marker of trophoblast stem cells

47
Q

Ascl2

A

marker of EPC like cells , Spongiotrophoblast cells

48
Q

Tpbpa

A

marker of EPC-like cells, spongiotrophoblast cells

49
Q

Gcm1

A

marker of chorion/labyrinth progenitor like cells, SynT-1 cells

50
Q

Prl2c2

A

marker of TGC

51
Q

Prl3d1

A

marker of TGC, sinusoidal TGC

52
Q

Prl3b1

A

marker of TGC

53
Q

Gjb3

A

marker of GlyT cells

54
Q

Pcdh12

A

marker of GlyT cells

55
Q

Ctsq

A

marker of sinusoidal TGC

56
Q

Syna1

A

marker of Syncitiotrophoblast cells SynT-1

57
Q

Synb

A

marker of SynT-II cells

KOMP (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions