Key Terms CH. 30 Bleeding

Question 0

Blood

Answer 0

The fluid tissue that is pumped by the heart through the arteries, veins, and capillaries and consists of plasma and formed elements or cells, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Question 1

Afterload

Answer 1

The pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle must pump blood; increasing this can decrease cardiac output.

Question 2

Cardiac output (CO)

Answer 2

Amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute. Calculated by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate per minute.

Question 3

Compensated shock (classes I and II)

Answer 3

The early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss. The systolic blood pressure and brain perfusion are maintained.

Question 4

Decompensated shock (class III)

Answer 4

The late stage of shock, when blood pressure is falling.

Question 5

Ejection fraction (EF)

Answer 5

The percentage of blood that leaves the heart each time it contracts.

Question 6

Erythrocytes

Answer 6

Red blood cells

Question 7

Hematemesis

Answer 7

Vomited blood

Question 8

Hematochezia

Answer 8

Passage of stools containing bright red blood

Question 9

Hematocrit

Answer 9

A blood test that measures the portion of red blood cells in whole blood.

Question 10

Hematuria

Answer 10

Blood in the urine

Question 11

Hemoglobin

Answer 11

The oxygen-carrying pigment in red blood cells

Question 12

Hemophilia

Answer 12

Lacking one or more blood’s clotting factors

Question 13

Hemoptysis

Answer 13

Coughed-up blood

Question 14

Hemorrhage

Answer 14

Bleeding

Question 15

Hemorrhagic shock

Answer 15

Volume lost as blood.

Question 16

Hemostasis

Answer 16

Stopping hemorrhage

Question 17

Hypoperfusion

Answer 17

A condition that occurs when the level of tissue perfusion decreases below that needed to maintain normal cellular functions.

Question 18

Hypovolemic shock

Answer 18

A condition that occurs when the circulating blood falling is in adequate to deliver adequate oxygen and nutrients to the body

Question 19

Irreversible shock (class IV)

Answer 19

The final stage of shock, prior to death.

Question 20

Leukocytes

Answer 20

White blood cells

Question 21

Melena

Answer 21

Passage of dark, tarry stools.

Question 22

Perfusion

Answer 22

The delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the cells, organs, and tissues of the body.

Question 23

Plasma

Answer 23

The fluid portion of the blood from which the cells have been removed.

Question 24

Platelets

Answer 24

Small cells in the blood that are essential for clot formation

Question 25

Preload

Answer 25

The precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up.

Question 26

Shock

Answer 26

An abnormal state associated with inadequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the metabolic apparatus of the cell.

Question 27

Stroke volume (SV)

Answer 27

The amount of blood that the left ventricle ejects into the aorta per contraction.