Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

History Nazi Germany > key topic 1 - Seneca > Flashcards

key topic 1 - Seneca Flashcards

1
Q

how did the first world war affect Germany

A

socially, economically, politically

German society expected quick victory -wrong
by 1918 society exhausted
cause deaths, crippled German economy - difficult to recover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

PFD - war deaths

A

2 mill died
4 mill injured

763000 died from starvation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

PFD- economy after war

A

by 1918 industrial production 2/3 of what it was in 1913

debt had increased 50 billion to 150 billion marks
( 1914-18)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PFD - uneven wealth after war

A

1918 - average worker earned 60% what they earned in 1913

but big armaments ( big military weapons ) made lots of money from the war
= social problems, resentment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when was the armistice / end of ww1

A

11 nov 1918
Ebert admitted defeat and signed armistice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why did people feel stabbed in the back by Ebert and the gov

A

thought they could of won
treaty was unfair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

at the head of Weimar Republic was the President . what could they do

A
  • was elected every 7 years
  • had powers to choose key ministers like chancellors
  • could use article 48 to overrule gov
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

structure of Weimar Republic

A

president
government
parliament
electorate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

strengths of weimar constitution

A

genuine democracy. anyone over 20 could vote
strong- no person or group could hold too much power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

weaknesses of weimar cons

A

outweighed strengths
proportional representation=weak coalitions only way to gain power and lead Germany
article 48 meant president could bypass democracy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

general terms of treaty of versailles

A

L. and - huge loss in Europe and German colonies
A. plies - pay 6.6 billion in reparations
M. ilitary - demilitarisation of the Rhineland
B. lame - accept blame for war article 231

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PFD - land lost in treaty of versailles

A

13% of land
12.5% population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In its early years, the Weimar Republic struggled to cope with the pressures of the Treaty of Versailles. what happened

A

Already unpopular, the Weimar Republic needed to prove that democracy could be a success. Between 1919 and 1923, there were 376 political assassinations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what was the Sparticist revolt
who were they led by

A

JAN 1919- a communist group
led by rosa Luxembourg, Karl liebknecht rebelled in Berlin hoping for genera strike
aim to overthrow Weimar Republic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how did Ebert stop the sparticist revolt

A

used conservative group - Freikorps to stop uprising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what was the Kapp Putsch
When was the kapp putsch

A

March 1920
Freikorps in Berlin staged a rebellion
led by Wolfgang Papp
aim to seize control- stop democratic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

why did kapp putsch fail

A

German workers went on strike- forced Kapp to flee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

who was the second challenge from the right
When was it

A

1923 Munich putsch
NSDAP led by hitler and ludenhoff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what was the Munich putsch

A

nov 1923 nazis entered a meeting of Bavarian government
demanded gov support
took control of local police,army headquarters

next day marched Munich to declare president of Germany
state police met hitler - arrested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what did hitler do in prison

A

used trial for publicity to spread nazi message
wrote Main Kampf - told political beliefs, need to destroy democracy, increase lebensraum, inferiority of jews
realised he needed to reorganise Nazi party to gain success

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

military terms of treaty of versailles

A

max 100000 soldiers
mas 15000 sailors
max 6 ships
0 submarines, armoured vehicles
demilitarisation of Rhineland
can’t ally with Austria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

why was 1919 - 1923 difficult for Germany

A

unable to pay reparation instalments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

when did weimar republic stop paying the reparations
what happened after

A

1922

1923- france and Belgium retaliated by seizing the Ruhr in what they believed Germany owed in the form of coal / other goods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what happened in the seizing of the Ruhr

A

Ruhr = main industrial region of Germany
French and Belgians took control of all factories, mines, railroads in the area

seen as legal because of Treaty of versailles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

how German responded to seizing the Ruhr

A

Ebert told workers to go on strike
= passive resistance
France and Belgium Brough in own workers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

cause of hyperinflation

A

weimar gov didn’t have enough gold to match the money it was printing
so value of German mark fell, price of goods increased rapidly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

PFD - germanys war debts after inflation

A

175% of their total national output

28
Q

PFD - consequences of hyperinflation

A

1918 - bread cost 0.6 marks
1923 - 201 billion marks

29
Q

benefits of hyperinflation

A

people with debt could pay it off
farmers profit - people paid more for food

30
Q

social problems with hyperinflation

A

people with savings - lost it’ll
elderly with pensions - couldn’t get more moneyy, income destroyed
small business owners - bankrupt

31
Q

Who helped the Weimar Republic overcome some of their difficulties

A

with the help of Gustav Stresemann.

32
Q

who was Gustav Stresemann.

A

He was Chancellor in 1923 and Foreign Minister from 1923-29. Between 1924 and 1929,

33
Q

how was hyperinflation stopped
When
What helped

A

to help Stresemann called off passive resistance in the Ruhr
Nov 1923 - created the Rentenmark-was tied to price of German land, held real value

34
Q

what happened to the Rentenmark in august 1924

A

was renamed the Reichsmark, placed under the control of the reichsbank

35
Q

what did the Dawes plan 1924 do

A

helped Germany to. pay their reparations

36
Q

how did the Dawes plan 1924 stop hyperinflation

A

1924 - US banks loaned 800mil reichsmarks to German industries

reparations could be made 50 mill a year

37
Q

what was th young plan 1929 meant to do

A

planned to reduce reparations 6.6 to 2 billion
payments would continue until 1988

38
Q

what did the Wall Street crash do
how

A

-abruptly stop the young plan
-american banks had to recall loans made to Europe undermining the young plan

39
Q

PFD - effects of Wall Street crash
Trade

A

4 years after Wall Street trade fell over 60%
removed any chance of German success exporting

40
Q

PFD - economic recovery
Industrial levels
Esports

A

1928 - industrial levels higher than in 1913

1925-29 exports rose by 40%

1927 - number of pension health and unemployment schemes set p by Weimar Republic

41
Q

insecurity of economy
What did they depend on
What problem did it cause

A

depended on American loans
unemployment = big problem

42
Q

what was locarno pact 1925

A

geramys agreement with GB, France, Italy and Belgium
germany recognised the borders with France and the demilitarisation of the Rhineland

43
Q

what else did streseman help with other than domestic economy

A

re entrring European politics

44
Q

what was germany invited to join in 1926

A

League of Nations
international peacekeeping body

45
Q

what did germany sign in 1928

A

kellogg-briand pact with 62 other countries
agreed to disarm and not use war to resolve disagreements

46
Q

by which year did living standards improve

A

1924

47
Q

what was introduced 1927

A

unemployment insurance

insurance system to help workers who were unemployed or ill

48
Q

how many new houses were built
Betw what years

A

1925-29

100000

49
Q

why was the Weimar Republic was called the Golden Age of German culture.

A

As there was no censorship (deliberate removing of content from the media) in the Weimar Republic, German culture began to thrive.

50
Q

what were the politicians who negotiated the armistice terms known as?

A

November criminals

51
Q

What voting system did the Weimar parliament use?

A

Proportional Representation

52
Q

PFD - seizing of the Ruhr

A

over 8 months ,
132 killed, 150000 germans kicked from their homes

53
Q

What was The Bauhaus School
When was it set up - who by

A

The Bauhaus School led a new movement in architecture.
Walter Gropius set up the Bauhaus School in 1919.

54
Q

What did the Bauhaus school dk

A

Attracting many designers and artists, the Bauhaus movement overturned (got rid of and changed) traditional ideas of architecture.

55
Q

What was there a rise of in art

A

There was a rise of Expressionism in art.

In their artwork, Expressionists painted from the perspective of a subject. They would distort and change things around in their paintings to emulate emotions and feelings.

56
Q

Why did film become popular

A

Film also became far more popular in the Weimar Republic.
Expressionism also fed into films and commented on the daily lives of Germans.

57
Q

Example of expressionism in films

A

Metropolis, which was released in 1927 was a popular German film by Fritz Lang.

58
Q

What was music shaped by
What type became popular

A

Music was shaped by the modern influences of America.
Music, such as Jazz, became very popular in Weimar Germany.

59
Q

What came about due to no censorship

A

The cabaret emerged (came about) as an unrestricted form of entertainment.
Without censorship, performances were provocative (aimed to cause feeling) and could comment on politics and society.

60
Q

Who could vote

A

According to the constitution, all men and women over 20 were eligible (had the right) to vote in elections.

61
Q

Improvements for women
- divorce
- ready chat at roles

A

Divorce was made easier for women and divorce became more common.

112 women represented the German people in the Reichstag and there were more opportunities for women in sport and society.

62
Q

What happened to women’s political position in society
-voting
- equality

A

Women could vote in the Weimar Republic.

90% of women exercised (used) their right to vote in elections.

Article 109 of the Weimar Constitution asserted gender equality in the workplace and the home.

63
Q

Improvements in women’s education

A

Women were gaining opportunities in professions.
They could become teachers, lawyers or doctors.
Women were encouraged to attend university.
Women working part-time increased in Weimar Germany.

64
Q

PFD -womens employment

Why

A

-the number of women employed dropped from 75% in 1918 to 26% in 1925.

This was because lots of women worked during the war but stopped afterwards.
Many women stopped working once they became married.

65
Q

How did women’s independence grow

A

Women did gain more independence in Weimar society.
Women who earned an income were no longer dependent on men.
Some women began to focus on ‘leisure’ and less on traditional values of family and marriage.

66
Q

Why did some people not like ‘ the new woman ‘

A

Some members of society did not like female independence and viewed these women as morally corrupt.

Some feared that traditional German values were being forgotten.

History Nazi Germany (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions