L15 - Autoimmune processes and endocrine diseases Flashcards
1
Q
CD8+ T cells recognise….
A
- endogenous antigens made within viral cell
- only recognised by host if any antigen’s are presented on surface of cell in association with class I MHC molecules
2
Q
CD4+ T cells recognise….
A
- exogenous antigens, brought into cell by outside
- in association with MHC class II
- activate m.phages
3
Q
Which MHC class is expressed by all nucleated cells?
A
MHC CLASS 1
4
Q
What is expressed by antigen presenting cells?
e.g. dendritic cells, macrophages
A
MHC CLASS 2
5
Q
What do MHC Class 1 molecules do?
A
- sample proteins made within cell
- present these fragments in the form of peptides on the cell surface
- expressed by all nucleated cells
6
Q
give examples of predominantly antibody mediated autoimmune diseases?
A
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Myasthenia Gravis
7
Q
give examples of predominantly cell mediated autoimmune diseases?
A
- Type 1 diabetes
- Rheumatoid arthritis
8
Q
what occurs in SLE?
A
- antibodies against DNA and DNA complexes
9
Q
what occurs in myasthenia graveis?
A
- antibody response to acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junction
- inhibiting neurotransmission
10
Q
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis associated with
A
- HYPOthyroidism
- autoantibodies against TSH receptor
- antibodies act as receptor antagonists blocking TSH function
11
Q
what is the main function of the parathyroid?
A
- to produce PTH
- maintain body Ca2+ and PO4- levels
- characterised by HYPOCALCAEMIA
12
Q
Addison’s disease
A
- adrenal insufficiency
- elevated ACTH to try and stimulate cortisol production
- lack of cortisol response to ACTH
13
Q
clinical signs seen in Addison’s disease
A
- hypotension
- anorexia
- malaise
- hyperpigmentation
