L26 Embolism

Question 1

Definition of infarction

Answer 1

• An area of ischaemic necrosis caused by occlusion of either the arterial supply OR the venous drainage in a particular tissue.

Question 2

Define shock

Answer 2

Shock is a situation in which the organs and tissues of the body are not receiving an adequate flow of blood.

Question 3

What is an embolus?

Answer 3

is the transfer of undissolved material in the bloodstream and its impaction in a distant vessel.
Detached thrombosis most commonly becomes an embolus.

Detached intravascular solid, liquid or gaseous mass carried by blood to site distant from its point of origin.

Question 4

Pulmonary Embolism PE

Answer 4

Most likely arises(95%) from DVT:

• above the knee
• through venous circulation
• right heart
• pulmonary vasculature

Obstruction of small end arteries causes infarction

Question 5

What are the factors that lead to the development of an infarction?

Answer 5

1) Nature of vascular supply
2) Rate of occlusion development
3) Vulnerability to hypoxia
4) O2 content of blood

Question 6

What are the causes of shock?

Answer 6

MI
haemorrhage
extensive trauma
large PE pulmonary embolism

Question 7

What are the stages of shock?

Answer 7

Nonprogressive
Progressive
Irreversible

Question 8

What is paradoxical embolism?

Answer 8

Emboli arises in the vein and end up in arterial circulation bc heart defects