L9 - Thyroid Gland part 1 Flashcards
1
Q
hromones produced in the thyroid gland
A
- T4, thyroxine
- T3, triiodothyronine
- calcitonin
2
Q
thyroid anchored to trachea via
A
pre-tracheal fascia
3
Q
enlarged thyroid gland sign
A
- patient swallows
- movement of enlarged gland
- due to pre-tracheal fascia
4
Q
Thyroid lobules are composed of follicles. Follicles consist of layer of epithelium and colloid filled cavity. colloid contains?
A
- thyroglobulin
- precursor of thyroid hormones
5
Q
what are parafollicular cells?
A
- between follicular cells
- produce calcitonin
6
Q
briefly summarise the synthesis an metabolism of thyroid hormones?
A
- active uptake of iodine from diet
- diffuses through follicular cell into colloid rich cavity
- oxidised to iodine
- thyroglobulin formed, diffuses into colloid cavity
- incorporation of iodine molecules to thyroxine
- Monoiodothyronine and diiodothyronine formed dependent on how many iodide molecule incorporated.
- Molecules will come together to form T3 and T4
- Moves back into follicular cell
- Attaches to lysosomes which cleave formed molecules from rest of thyroglobulin
Secreted into blood stream
7
Q
investigation of thyroid disease
A
- thyroid hormone concentrations
- thyroid antibodies
- radioisotope thyroid uptake
- fine needle aspiration cytology FNAC
- CT skan
8
Q
In hypothyroidism, how would you determine whether its primary or secondary?
A
If TSH raised its primary, if TSH suppressed or inappropriately normal then secondary.
9
Q
Amiodarone
A
- has high proporiton of iodine, necessary for making thyroid hormones
10
Q
thyrotoxicosis
A
- refers clinical manifestations
- excessive thyroid hormone
- irrespectie of source
11
Q
Grave’s disease
A
- autoimmunne
- antibodies that sitmulate TSH receptor
- excessive thyroid hormone production
- more common in women
- hyperthyroidism
12
Q
describe what might be found in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?
A
- immune system attacks thyroid
- infiltration of thyroid gland by lymphocytes
- may result in goitre
