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BIOL210L > Lab 1 - Diploblast Metazoans (Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora) > Flashcards

Lab 1 - Diploblast Metazoans (Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora) Flashcards

1
Q

Porifera

A

Phylum containing all 10,000 species of sponges. Menas “pore bearer”

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2
Q

General porifera body composition

A

Body wall, secreted fibers, mineral skeleton.

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3
Q

Spongocel

A

Central body cavity of porifera

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4
Q

Osculum/oscula

A

large opening where water exits form porifera

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5
Q

Pinacocyte

A

T-shaped flattened cell that makes up the pinacoderm in porifera

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6
Q

Pinacoderm

A

thin, epithelial layer on the exterior of porifera

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7
Q

Mesohyl

A

layer beneath the pinacoderm, main structure of sponge, consists of spongin and spicules

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8
Q

Amoebocytes

A

produce spicules and spongin

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9
Q

Spicules

A

can be made of calcium carbonate (dissolves in sulfuric acid) or silica

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10
Q

Spongin

A

fibers of collagen

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11
Q

Choanocyte/collar cell

A

lines spongocel and internal cavities, creates water currents that draw particles in, traps them with microvilli in collar and phagocytoses them

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12
Q

Synapomorphy of Hemoscleromorpha

A

No skeleton or spicules do not secrete an axial filament

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13
Q

Synapomorphy of Calcispongia

A

CaCO3 spicules

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14
Q

Synapomorphy of Demospongiae

A

Spongin network present, 95% of species

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15
Q

Synapomorphy of hexactinellidae

A

Spicules with six rays, silica spicules, scafoold like slekeleton, syncytium

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16
Q

Budding

A

Porifera asexual reporduction, where new individuals “bud” off of individuals

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17
Q

Gemmules

A

A bunch of archaeocytes/amoebocytes surrounded by spicules that form a cys-tlike structure, asexual reproduction and forms new individual when bound to substrate

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18
Q

Cnidocytes

A

Cells in Cnidaria that contain nematocysts

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19
Q

Nematocysts

A

Stinging organelles activated by osmotic pressure in Cnidarians, stored within Cnidocytes

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20
Q

Cnidarian body plan

A

Epidermis, interior gastrodermis, middle layer is mesoglea (water and collagen, gelatainous)

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21
Q

Mesenchyme

A

Mesoglea + cells in Cnidaria

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22
Q

BASIC Cnidarian life cycle

A

Larva (free-swiming), Polyp (sessile, tubular), Medusa (jellyfish, has tentacles, free swimming, only in medusazoa)

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23
Q

Taxa within Cnidaria

A

Anthozoa, Staurozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa, Hydrozoa

24
Q

Clades within Cnidaria

A

Anthozoa and Medusozoa

25
Q

Taxa within Medusozoa

A

Staurozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa, Hydrozoa

26
Q

Anthozoa

A

corals, sea anemonies, no medusa, have septa

27
Q

Septa

A

Increase surface area of the gastrovascular cavity

28
Q

Scyphozoa

A

True jellies, have a medusa stage, lack velum

29
Q

Hydrozoa

A

Have a velum, typically colonial species

30
Q

Taxa within Hydrozoa

A

Hydra, Gonionemus and Obelia

31
Q

Taxa within Scyphozoa

A

Aurellia

32
Q

Hydra

A

Species in Hydrozoa, freshwater, both asexual and sexual reproduction, with sexual reproduction involving sperm being ejected into the water

33
Q

Obelia

A

Species in Hydrozoa, colonial lifestyle, gastrozooids and gonozooids interconnected with stalks that pass nutrients

34
Q

Ctenophora

A

Comb jelly phylum, have comb rows filled with cillia that are used for swimming

35
Q

Species of Asconid Sponge

A

Leucosolenia

36
Q

Species of Synconid Sponge

A

Grantia

37
Q

Types of asexual sponge reproduction

A

Budding and Gemmules

38
Q

What type of spicules dissolve in Sulfuric Acid and which class are they characteristic of?

A

CaCO3 spicules, Calcispongiae

39
Q

How do the position of choanocytes differ among sponge body plans

A

Asconid: lines only the spongocel, Synconid: lines the radial canals, Leuconid: lines the flagellated chambers

40
Q

Pedal Disc

A

muscular disc at the bottom of the polyp which anchors the Cnidarian to the substrate

41
Q

Gastrovascular canal

A

opening into the gut of the Cnidarian, also used for circulatory to allow for Surface Area in O2 absorption

42
Q

Coral are:

A

Anthozoans

43
Q

Sea Anemonies are:

A

Anthozoans

44
Q

Cube Jellies are:

A

Cubozoans

45
Q

True Jellies are:

A

Scyphozoans

46
Q

Hydra are:

A

Hydrozoans

47
Q

Man-o-War are:

A

Hydrozoans

48
Q

Which group secretes calcium carbonate skeletons?

A

Anthozoa

49
Q

Which structure is the large, gelatonous structure of the syphozoa (not the mesoglea)

A

Bell

50
Q

What are the structures on the oral surface of scyphozoans?

A

Oral Arms

51
Q

Where is the mouth in Hydrozoa?

A

Under the medusa

52
Q

Life cycle of Syphozoa (Aurelia)

A

Planula Iarva binds to substrate, develops into Scyphistoma (polyp), develops into strobillae which produce ephyra that develop into the medusa stage

53
Q

Hydroskeleton is found in:

A

Hydra

54
Q

Gastrozooids and gonozooids are found in:

A

Obelia

55
Q

Gastrozooid

A

Polyp with tentacles that are used for feedin

56
Q

Gonozooids

A

Polyp without tentacles that have spots to produce ephyra

57
Q

Pneumatophore

A

“float” that is gas filled and helps the man-of-war (Physalia) keep its motion

BIOL210L (7 decks)

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