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anatomy > lab 3 - respiratory/urinary > Flashcards

lab 3 - respiratory/urinary Flashcards

1
Q

humidify, warm, filter, and act as a conduit for inspired air, as well as protect the respiratory tract through the use of the mucociliary system

A

nasal cavity

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2
Q

3 folds of tissue on lateral
walls of nasal cavity

A

conchae/turbinates

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3
Q

Superior portion of the
pharynx, Lined with Pseudostratified
epithelium, Contains pharyngeal
tonsils and auditory tubes

A

nasopharynx

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4
Q

Middle portion of the
pharynx, Contains palatine and
lingual tonsils
Oropharynx, Stratified
squamous epithelium

A

oropharynx

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5
Q

Inferior portion of the
pharynx, Stratified
squamous epithelium, Esophagus begins here

A

Laryngopharynx

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6
Q

voice box, Sound production

A

larynx

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7
Q

superior, Diverts food/water
away from airway,Composed of elastic cartilage

A

epiglottis

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8
Q

Opening within larynx, Formed by two sets of folds, Sound

A

Glottis

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9
Q

Inferior to Thyroid
cartilage, Connects larynx to
trachea, Form posterior portion
of larynx

A

cricoid

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10
Q

windpipe, Branches into right and left primary bronchi, ciliated
pseudostratified epithelium

A

trachea

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11
Q

3 lobes, Superior, middle, and
inferior, Separated by
horizontal and oblique
fissures

A

right lung

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12
Q

2 lobes, Superior and inferior, Separated by an oblique fissure

A

left lung

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13
Q

cavity on lungs

A

visceral

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14
Q

lines rib cage

A

parietal

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15
Q

Branch to form Secondary bronchi (lobar), 1 secondary bronchus goes to each lobe

A

primary bronchi

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16
Q

Branch to form Tertiary bronchi (segmental)

A

secondary bronchi

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17
Q

Eventually branch into Bronchioles, supplies air to a single bronchopulmonary segment

A

tertiary bronchi

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18
Q

Tubes that bring air into and out of lung

A

bronchial tree

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19
Q

Tiny air-filled
pockets within
the lungs where
all gas exchange
takes place

A

alveoli

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20
Q

Chambers connected to many
individual alveoli

A

alveolar sacs

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21
Q

Make up the walls of the
alveoli, Thin, delicate, 95% of alveolar surface area

A

type 1 alveolar cells

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22
Q

“Great Alveolar” cells, Secrete surfactant, Repair damaged epithelium

A

type 2 alveolar cells

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23
Q

dust cells, Monitor alveolar
environment, Engulf particles and
pathogens

A

macrophages

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24
Q

Thin membrane where gas
exchange takes place between
alveoli and pulmonary capillaries

A

respiratory membrane

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25
Q

Surrounded by elastic fibers, Have extensive networks of pulmonary
capillaries

A

alveoli

26
Q

Measures total
amount of air that
can be inhaled
and exhaled

A

spirometry

27
Q

A “normal respiratory cycle”, Volume of air in one quiet
breath

A

tidal volume

28
Q

air in excess of tidal
expiration that can be
exhaled with maximum
effort

A

expiratory reserve volume

29
Q

air in excess of tidal
inspiration that can be
inhaled with maximum effort

A

inspiratory reserve volume

30
Q

Air remaining in alveoli after
maximal exhalation
Pulmonary Volumes

A

residual volume

31
Q

Total amount of air that can be
exhaled with effort after
maximum inspiration

A

vital capacity

32
Q

expiratory reserve volume +
tidal volume + inspiratory
reserve volume

A

vital capacity

33
Q

Maximum amount of air lungs
can hold

A

total lung capacity

34
Q

vital capacity + residual volume

A

total lung capacity

35
Q

go back to respiratory/ pleural membrane

A
36
Q

Outer layer, Lighter color

A

cortex

37
Q

Inner layer, Darker color, “Pyramids

A

medulla

38
Q

Outer, Superficial
portion of kidney, Reddish brown and granular

A

renal cortex

39
Q

6 to 18 distinct
triangular structures of
the medulla

A

renal pyramids

40
Q

Tips of medullary
pyramids, Project into renal sinus

A

renal papilla

41
Q

Multiple (4-5) form a major
calyx

A

minor calyx

42
Q

2-3 form the renal pelvis

A

major calyx

43
Q

Large, funnel-shaped
chamber, Consists of 2 or 3 major
calyces

A

renal pelvis

44
Q

Point of entry for renal artery and
renal nerves, Point of exit for renal vein and ureter

A

Hilum

45
Q

filtration, reabsorption, secretion

A

nephron functions

46
Q

Ball of capillaries
located in Nephron

A

Glomerulus

47
Q

Glomerular capsule, Double layered structure that surrounds glomerulus

A

Bowmans capsule

48
Q

First portion of the
tubule that receives
filtrate

A

proximal tubule

49
Q

Coiled tube
immediately following
loop of Henle

A

distal tubule

50
Q

Carries tubular fluid away
from nephron, Begins in cortex and descends into medulla

A

collecting ducts

51
Q

U-shaped portion of the
tubule; Found primarily
in the medulla

A

loop of henle

52
Q

Transport urine from kidneys
to the bladder

A

ureters

53
Q

Temporarily stores urine
until micturition

A

bladder

54
Q

Openings of 2 ureters
and 1 urethra, Forms a triangular
region

A

trigone

55
Q

contract during urination to push the urine out of the bladder and into the urethra

A

detrouser muscle

56
Q

Mucosa, Middle layer of spongy tissue, outer muscular coat

A

layers of the female urethra

57
Q

Mucous membrane and a
muscularis

A

two layers of the male urethra

58
Q

Smooth muscle;
involuntary

A

internal urethral sphincter

59
Q

control elimination of
urine through the urethra

A

Urethral sphincters

60
Q

Skeletal muscle;
voluntary

A

external urethral sphincter

61
Q

Muscular tube, Extends from oral
cavity to anus

A

GI tract

anatomy (13 decks)

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