Lab Midterm Flashcards
the fundamental unit of heredity
Gene
distinguishable versions of the same gene
alleles
an altered version of a gene when we have “witnessed” the alteration but not when it is preexisting in the population.
mutation
The allelic constitution of an individual, usually with emphasis on the gene or genes under examination
genotype
All the traits or characteristics of an organism, usually with emphasis on traits controlled by the gene or genes under examination.
phenotype
A cell or organism with one set of chromosomes
haploid
A cell or organism with two sets of chromosomes
diploid
Diploid with two like alleles of same gene
homozygote
Diploid with two different alleles of same gene
Heterozygote
Trait is expressed in heterozygote. Usually causes increased activity or new activity.
dominant phenotype
Trait not expressed in heterozygote. Usually causes the loss of function/activity found in wild type
recessive phenotype
The case where a heterozygote expresses a phenotype intermediate between the corresponding homozygote phenotypes
incomplete dominance
