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BSCI201: Human Anatomy and Physiology I > Lab Practical 2: Gross Anatomy of Muscular System > Flashcards

Lab Practical 2: Gross Anatomy of Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Origin and Insertion of Frontal Belly/Frontalis

A

Origin: Epicranial Neurosis
Insertion: Skin of eyebrows and root of nose

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2
Q

Action of frontal belly/frontalis

A

Raises Eyebrows

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3
Q

Origin and insertion of Occipital belly/Occipitalis

A

Origin: Occipital & Temporal bones
Insertion: Epicranial Neurosis

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4
Q

Actions of Occipital belly/Occipitalis

A

Pulls scalp backwards

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5
Q

Origin and Insertion of Orbicularis oculi

A

Origin: Frontal & Maxillary Bones and Orbital Ligaments
Insertion: Tissue of eyelid

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6
Q

Action of Orbicularis Oculi

A

Blinking, squinting, and drawing eyebrows inferiorly

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7
Q

Origin and Insertion of Zygomatic Major/Minor

A

Origin: Zygomatic bone
Insertion: Skin and muscle at the corners of the mouth

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8
Q

Action of Zygomaticus major and minor

A

Raises lateral corners of mouth upwards

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9
Q

Origin and Insertion of Orbicularis Oris

A

Origin: Indirectly arisen from maxilla and mandible
Insertion: Encircled around mouth inserting into skin at angles of mouth

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10
Q

Origin and Insertion of Buccinator

A

Origin: Molar region of maxilla and mandible
Insertion: Orbicularis oris

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11
Q

Action of the Buccinator

A

Draws mouth corners laterally, compresses cheeks for whistling, and holds food between teeth for chewing

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12
Q

Origin and Insertion of Masseter

A

Origin: Zygomatic Arch and Zygomatic Bone
Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible

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13
Q

Action of masseter

A

Prime mover of jaw closure and elevates mandible

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14
Q

Origin and Insertion of Temporalis

A

Origin: Temporal Fossa
Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible

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15
Q

Action of temporalis

A

Closes jaw

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16
Q

Origin and Insertion of Platysma

A

Origin: Fascia of chest
Insertion: Low margin of mandible and muscles at corner of mouth

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17
Q

Action of platysma

A

Tenses neck and depresses mandible. Pulls lower lip back and down

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18
Q

Origin and Insertion of Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin: Manubrium of sternum and medial portion of clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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19
Q

Action of Sternocleidomastoid

A

Both contracting: Flexion of Neck
1 muscle contracting: Rotate head towards opposite shoulder

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20
Q

Origin and Insertion of Pectoralis Major

A

Origin: Clavicle, sternum, cartilage of rib 1-6 and aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
Insertion: Fibers converge to insert into a short tendon onto the inter-tubercular sulcus of the humerus

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21
Q

Action of Pectoralis major

A

The prime mover of arm flexion, adduction, and medial rotation.

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22
Q

Origin and Insertion of Serratus anterior

A

Origin: Lateral aspects of ribs 1-8
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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23
Q

Action of serratus anterior

A

Prime mover to protract and hold scapula against the chest wall, rotates scapula

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24
Q

Origin and insertion of Deltoid

A

Origin: Lateral third of clavicle and acromion and spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerous

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25
Q

Action of Deltoid

A

Whole prime mover of arm abduction

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26
Q

Origin and insertion of pectoralis minor

A

Origin: Anterior surface of ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula

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27
Q

Action of pectoralis minor

A

Draws scapula forward and inferiorly

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28
Q

Origin and insertion of external intercostals

A

Origin: Inferior border of the rib ABOVE
Insertion: Superior border of rib BELOW

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29
Q

Action of external intercostals

A

Pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage in inspiration

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30
Q

Origin and Insertion of Internal Intercostals

A

Origin: Superior border of rib BELOW
Insertion: Inferior border of rib ABOVE

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31
Q

Origin and Insertion of Diaphragm

A

Origin: Inferior border of rib and sternum, costal cartilages of last 6 ribs and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Central Tendon

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32
Q

Action of diaphragm

A

Prime mover of inspiration that flattens on contraction

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33
Q

Origin and Insertion of rectus abdominis

A

Origin: Public crest and symphysis
Insertion: Xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

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34
Q

Action of rectus abdominis

A

Flexes and rotates vertebral column

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35
Q

Origin and Insertion of External obliques

A

Origin: Anterior surface of lower 8 ribs
Insertion: Linea alba, pubic crest & tubercles, and iliac crest

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36
Q

Action of external oblique

A

Compresses abdominal wall and aides in flexion and rotation of vertebral column in trunk. Lateral flexion

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37
Q

Origin and insertion of internal obliques

A

Origin: Lumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligaments
Insertion: Linea alba, public crest, and costal cartilage of last 3 ribs

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38
Q

Action of internal obliques

A

Compresses abdominal wall and aides in flexion and rotation of vertebral column in trunk. Lateral flexion

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39
Q

Origin and insertion of transversus abdominis

A

Origin: Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, cartilages of last 5-6 ribs, and lumbar fascia
Insertion: Linea alba and pubic crest

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40
Q

Action of transversus abdominis

A

Compresses abdominal contents

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41
Q

Origin and Insertion of Trapezius

A

Origin: Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7 and all thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Acromion and spinous process of scapula; lateral third of clavicle

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42
Q

Action of trapezius

A

-Extends head
-Raises, rotates, and adducts scapula and stabilizes it

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43
Q

Origin and insertion of latissimus dorsi

A

Origin: Indirect attachment to spinous processes of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, last 3-4 ribs, and iliac crest
Insertion: Floor of inter-tubercular sulcus of humerus

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44
Q

Action of latissimus dorsi

A

-Prime mover of arm extension
-Adducts and medially rotates arm

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45
Q

Origin and Insertion of Infraspinatus

A

Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

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46
Q

Action of infraspinatus

A

Lateral rotation of arm

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47
Q

Origin and insertion of teres minor

A

Origin: Lateral margin of posterior scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

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48
Q

Action of teres minor

A

Lateral rotation of arm

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49
Q

Origin and insertion of supraspinatus

A

Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

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50
Q

Action of supraspinatus

A

Initiates abduction of arm

51
Q

Origin and insertion of teres major

A

Origin: Posterior surface at anterior angle of scapula
Insertion: Inter-tubercular sulcus of humerus

52
Q

Action of teres major

A

Extends, medially rotates, and adducts arms

53
Q

Origin and Insertion of Rhomboid Major/Minor

A

Origin: Spinous processes of C7 and T1-T5
Insertion: Medial border of scapula

54
Q

Action of Rhomboid major/Minor

A

Pulls scapulae medially and stabilizes scapula

55
Q

Origin and insertion of triceps brachii

A

Origin: long head on inferior margin of glenoid cavity. lateral head on posterior humerus. medial head on distal radial groove on posterior humerus
Insertion: Olecranon of ulna

56
Q

Action of triceps brachii

A

Powerful forearm extensor

57
Q

Origin and insertion of biceps brachii

A

Origin: Short head on coracoid process, long head on supraglenoid tubercle and lip of glenoic cavity, medial cavity on distal radial groove on posterior humerus
Insertion: Radial tuberosity

58
Q

Action of biceps brachii

A

Flexion and supination of forearm

59
Q

Origin and insertion of brachioradialis

A

Origin: Lateral ridge at end of humerus
Insertion: Base of radial styloid process

60
Q

Action of brachioradialis

A

Synergist in forearm flexion

61
Q

Origin and insertion of brachialis

A

Origin: Distal portion of anterior humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna

62
Q

Action of brachialis

A

Flexor of forearm

63
Q

Origin and insertion of pronator teres

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
Insertion: Midshaft of radius

64
Q

Action of pronator teres

A

Pronation of forearm

65
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor carpi radialis

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base of metacarpals 2 and 3

66
Q

Action of flexor carpi radialis

A

Flexor and abductor of the hand

67
Q

Origin and insertion of palmeris longus

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis & skin of palm

68
Q

Action of palmeris longus

A

Tenses skin and fascia of palm

69
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon and posterior surface of ulna
Insertion: base of metacarpal 5; pisiform and hamate bones

70
Q

Action of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flexes and adducts hand

71
Q

Origin and insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Base of metacarpal 2

72
Q

Action of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Extends and abducts hand

73
Q

Origin and insertion of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base metacarpal 3

74
Q

Action of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Extends and abducts hand

75
Q

Origin and insertion of supinator

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; proximal ulna
Insertion: Proximal end of radius

76
Q

Action of supinator

A

Synergist of biceps brachii to supinate forearm

77
Q

Origin and insertion of extensor digitorum

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: 4 tendons into distal phalanges of fingers 2-5

78
Q

Action of extensor digitorum

A

Prime mover of finger extension

79
Q

Origin and insertion of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior border of ulna
Insertion: Base of metacarpal 5

80
Q

Action of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Extends and adducts hand

81
Q

Origin and insertion of iliopsoas

A

Origin: IIliac fossa and crest, lateral sacrum, transverse provesses, bodies, and discs of T12
Insertion: On or below tronchater of femur

82
Q

Action of iliopsoas

A

Flex trunk at hip joint, flex thigh, lateral flexion of vertebral column.

83
Q

Origin and insertion of sartorius

A

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Aponeurosis into medial aspect of proximal tibia

84
Q

Action of sartorius

A

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thighs

85
Q

Origin and insertion of adductor magnus

A

Origin: Ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur

86
Q

Action of adductor magnus

A

Adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh

87
Q

Origin and insertion of adductor longus

A

Origin: Pubis near pubic syphysis
Insertion: Linea aspera

88
Q

Action of adductor longus

A

Adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh

89
Q

Origin and insertion of gracilis

A

Origin: Inferior ramus and body of pubis
Insertion: Medial surface of tibia just inferior to medial condyle

90
Q

Action of gracilis

A

Adducts thighs, flexes and medially rotates legs

91
Q

Origin and insertion of rectus femoris

A

Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetalbulum
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity and patella

92
Q

Action of rectus femoris

A

Extends leg and flexes thigh

93
Q

Origin and insertion of vastus lateralis

A

Origin: Greater tronchater, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity and patella

94
Q

Action of vastus lateralis

A

Extends leg and stabilizes knee

95
Q

Origin and insertion of vastus medialis

A

Origin: Linea aspera and intertrochanteric line
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity and patella

96
Q

Action of vastus medialis

A

Extends leg and stabilizes patella

97
Q

Origin and insertion of vastus intermedius

A

Origin: Anterior and lateral surface of femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity and patella

98
Q

Action of vastus intermedius

A

Stabilizes leg

99
Q

Origin and insertion of tensor fasciae letae

A

Origin: Anterior aspect of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac crest
Insertion: Iliotibial tract

100
Q

Action of tensor fasciae letae

A

Steadies trunk. Flexes abducts and medially rotates thigh

101
Q

Origin and insertion of biceps femoris

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity for long head and linea aspera and distal femur for short head
Insertion: Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

101
Q

Origin and insertion of semitendinosus

A

Origin: Ischial tiberosity
Insertion: Medial aspect of upper tibial shaft

102
Q

Action of biceps femoris

A

Extends thigh and flexes leg

103
Q

Action of semitendinosus

A

Extends thigh and flexes leg

104
Q

Origin and insertion of semimembranosus

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia; lateral condyle of femur

105
Q

Action of semimembranosus

A

Extends thigh and flexes leg

106
Q

Origin and insertion of gluteus maximus

A

Origin: Dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract

107
Q

Action of gluteus maximus

A

Powerful thigh extendor

108
Q

Action of gluteus medius

A

Abducts and medially rotates thigh

108
Q

Origin and insertion of gluteus medius

A

Origin: Upper lateral surface of ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

109
Q

Origin and insertion of tibialis anterior

A

Origin: Lateral condyle and upper 2/3 of tibia; interosseous membrane
Insertion: By tendon into inferior surface of furst cuneiform and metatarsal 1

110
Q

Action of tibialis anterior

A

Prime mover of dorsiflexion

111
Q

Origin and insertion of extensor digitorum longus

A

Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia and proximal 3/4 of fibula
Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5

112
Q

Action of of extensor digitorum longus

A

Prime mover of toe extension

113
Q

Action of gastrocnemius

A

Plantar flexes foot

114
Q

Origin and insertion of gastrocnemius

A

Origin: 2 heads from medial and lateral condyles of femur
Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

115
Q

Origin and insertion of soleus

A

Origin: Proximal portion of tibia and fibula.
Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

116
Q

Action of soleus

A

Plantar flexion

117
Q

Origin and insertion of popliteus

A

Origin: Lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: Proximal tibia

118
Q

Action of popliteus

A

Flexes and rotates leg medially to “Unlock” knee when leg flexion begins

119
Q

Origin and insertion of tibialis posterior

A

Origin: Superior portion of tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanges of toes 2-5

120
Q

Action of tibialis posterior

A

Prime mover of foot inversion

121
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor digitorum longus

A

Origin: Posterior surface of tibia
Insertion: Distal phalanges of toes 2-5

122
Q

Action of flexor digitorum longus

A

Flexes toes; plantar flexes and inverts foot

BSCI201: Human Anatomy and Physiology I (9 decks)

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