Lab Tests Flashcards
Amylase (serum)
Acute or chronic pancreatitis, 4-6x ULN acute, chronic initially elevated but decrease over time as damage progresses.
May increase due to cancer of pancreas.
AST
>10x ULN acute hep (oft virus), also drugs, toxins, ischemia
<4x ULN chronic hep or cholestatic causes, cirrhosis.
Most liv dis ALT > AST
Only alc hep AST:ALT > 2
ALT
>10x ULN acute hep (oft virus), also drugs, toxins, ischemia
<4x ULN chronic hep, cirrhosis, cholestatic causes, tumors
ALP
To screen for liver or bone disorder. Elevated in liver diseases.
Albumin
Screen for liver or kidney disease OR nutritional status.
Low is abnormal.
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin
A1At is a protease inhibitor, protects tissues from enzymes of inflammatory cells (e.g. neuts).
Testing ordered for newborn with jaundice > 2 w, elgd spleen, ascites, pruritis, other signs liver injury.
Abnormal is low.
Fill in the blanks
L, H, L
H, L, H
L, L, N/H
What is ESR and what do results mean?
Nonspecific marker of inflammation.
Moderately elevated occurs with inflammation, anemia, infection, pregnancy, and old age.
Very high can be due to severe infection, MM, Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia.
Creatinine
Determine kidney function.
Abnormal results are usually elevated and indicate kidney problem. Mild elevation can also be caused by dehydration.
Fibrinogen
Decreased in DIC.
Elevated in acute infections, cancer, trauma, inflammatory disorders.
D-dimer
Normal is -ve
+ve indicate presence of abnormally high FDP
Haptoglobin
Used primarily to detect hemolytic anemia. Decreased haptoglobin with inc. retic and dec Hb indicates some degree of HA.
CRP (C-Reactive Protein)
High or increasing suggests presence of inflammation.
ASMA
Used with ANA to diagnose autoimmune hepatitis.
ANA
A positive test suggests autoimmune disorder (e.g. autoimmune hepatitis).
