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Module 1 > Laboratory Practice > Flashcards

Laboratory Practice Flashcards

1
Q

How many grams of sodium chloride are added to 1000ml of water to make a 0.9%
solution?

 A.  0.9 grams	
 B.  99 grams	
 C.  9 grams	
 	 D.  0.09 grams
A

C

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2
Q

The best way to destroy bacteria and fungus (including spores) on working surfaces is:

A. disinfection 

 B.  decontamination	
 C.  sterilization	
 D.  purification
A

C

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3
Q

When cleaning glassware, the final rinse must be:

 A.  tap water	
 B.  sterilized water	
 	 C.  distilled water	
 D.  double deionized water (or RO water)
A

D

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4
Q

All of the following are proper procedures to follow for storing CO2 cylinders EXCEPT:

 A.  capped with safety valve	
 B.  away from heat	
 C.  away from flame	
 	 D.  in halls
A

D

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5
Q

The lab director wants to ensure that all of her technologists have minimal exposure to blood-borne pathogens. What should they do?

 A.  Know how to use MSDS sheets	
 	 B.  Employ universal precautions	
 C.  Adhere to the chemical hygiene plan.	
 D.  all of the above
A

B

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6
Q

At 121oC and 15 lbs of pressure how long must moist heat be maintained for sterilization to be accomplished?

A. 15 min 

 B.  30 min	
 C.  60 min	
 D.  90 min
A

A

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7
Q

What is the pH range that should be used in a trypsin solution for banding?

 A.  6.6-6.8	
 	 B.  7.2-7.4	
 C.  7.4-7.6	
 D.  7.6-7.8
A

B

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8
Q

What pH should be used for the Giemsa buffer?

 A.  6.5	
 	 B.  6.8	
 C.  7.2	
 D.  7.4
A

B

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9
Q

Clinical cytogenetic testing is categorized by CLIA 88 as a:

 A.  Waived test	
 B.  Low complexity test	
 C.  Moderate complexity test	
 	 D.  High complexity test
A

D

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10
Q

The following are mandated by CLIA 88:

 A.  Participation in an approved proficiency testing program	
 B.  Maintenance of an accurate and current procedure manual	
 C.  A personal roster with authenticated credentials	
 	 D.  All of the above
A

D

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11
Q

The main purpose of Occupational Safety and Health Administration is to:

 A.  Provide proficiency testing	
 	 B.  Implement new or improve existing employee safety and health programs.	
 C.  Provide a consistent quality of care to patients	
 D.  Issue certificates of accreditation to laboratories.
A

B

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12
Q

A reference manual in the laboratory that describes every phase of the laboratory testing process in detail is:

 A.  Equipment manual	
 B.  Reagent preparation manual	
 	 C.  Procedure manual	
 D.  Policy manual
A

C

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13
Q

Which of the following is required by OSHA?

 A.  Proper handling and disposal of biological waste.	
 B.  Maintain current material safety data sheets (MSDS).	
 C.  Hepatitis B vaccine offered free of charge to all employees who are exposed to blood and body fluids.	
 	 D.  all of the above
A

D

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14
Q

The major infectious occupational health hazard is:

 A.  HBV	
 	 B.  HIV	
 C.  EBV	
 D.  TB
A

A

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15
Q

Contaminated needles should be:

 A.  Recapped before disposal	
 B.  Bent or broken before disposal.	
 	 C.  Placed in rigid puncture proof containers for disposal.	
 D.  Placed in biohazard bags for disposal.
A

C

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16
Q

Mandatory safety training programs should:

 A.  Be provided at the time of initial assignment to tasks where risk of exposure exists.	
 B.  Be updated annually	
 C.  Include instruction on recognition and control of hazards	
 	 D.  All of the above
A

D

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17
Q

Material Safety Data Sheets:

 A.  Are only required for acutely toxic substances.	
 	 B.  Should be kept on file and readily accessible.	
 C.  Are only required for carcinogens, mutagens, and teratogens.	
 D.  Provide information on exposure to bloodborne pathogens.
A

B

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18
Q

Pressurized gas cylinders should be:

 A.  properly secured	
 B.  stored in well-ventilated areas	
 C.  capped when not in use	
 	 D.  all of the above
A

D

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19
Q

A cancer-producing substance is a:

 A.  teratogen	
 B.  mutagen	
 	 C.  carcinogen	
 D.  embryotoxin
A

C

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20
Q

A method of infection control in which all human blood and body fluids are treated as if they are known to be infected with HIV, HBV, or other bloodborne pathogens is called:

 A.  work practice control	
 B.  engineering control	
 	 C.  universal precaution	
 D.  occupational exposure
A

C

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21
Q

Destruction, removal, or inactivation of blood-borne pathogens by physical or chemical means is called:

 A.  sterilization	
 B.  decontamination	
 C.  amelioration	
 	 D.  disinfection
A

B

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22
Q

In order to ensure proper growth, cells require:

 A.  4.5 percent CO2	
 B.  increased O2 concentration	
 	 C.  a pH of 7.4	
 D.  a temperature of 40oC
A

C

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23
Q

Biohazard safety cabinet recertification is required:

 A.  following malfunction	
 B.  bi-annually	
 	 C.  annually	
 D.  monthly
A

B

24
Q

A fyrite analyzer is used to:

 A.  check laminar air flow in biosafety cabinets	
 B.  analyze chemical reagents	
 	 C.  monitor CO2 levels in incubators	
 D.  analyze the composition of gases in the incubator.
A

C

25
Q

When cleaning glassware, the final rinse must be:

A. RO water (double deionized water) 

 B.  double distilled water	
 C.  distilled water	
 D.  tap water
A

A

26
Q

After examination by the physician, the cytogenetic technologist was told she was plagued with the major infectious occupational health hazard among health care workers. Interpret this finding.

A. The technologist is infected with HIV 

 B.  The technologist is infected with HBV	
 C.  The technologist has suffered severe eye strain.	
 D.  The technologist has been exposed to an unknown blood-borne pathogen.
A

B

27
Q

Identifying what tasks have risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens and correlating these tasks with various employee positions is:

 A.  a work practice control	
 B.  the major strategy of universal precautions	
 	 C.  a second strategy of universal precautions	
 D.  all of the above
A

A

28
Q

Incubator pans can be cleaned with distilled water and:

 A.  bleach	
 B.  fungicide	
 	 C.  mild detergent	
 D.  methanol
A

C

29
Q

The CAP was granted deeming authority to accredit clinical laboratories in 1994 by:

 A.  JCAHO	
 B.  HCFA	
 	 C.  FDA	
 D.  AABB
A

B

30
Q

CAP accreditation is valid for ____ from the anniversary date.

 A.  1 year	
 	 B.  2 years	
 C.  3 years	
 D.  5 years
A

B

31
Q

Which of the following would cause a lab to be denied accreditation?

 A.  No correction of Phase I deficiencies	
 	 B.  Lack of response to the deficiencies cited at the inspection	
 C.  Phase 0 deficiencies found at inspection	
 D.  Correction of Phase II deficiencies
A

B

32
Q

Which of the following is a deficiency that should be corrected if possible, but may not significantly affect the quality of patient care?

 A.  Phase 0	
 	 B.  Phase I	
 C.  Phase II	
 D.  Phase III
A

B

33
Q

The CAP Central Office monitors lab participation in proficiency testing programs:

 A.  Before and after on-site inspection	
 B.  Before and at on-site inspection	
 	 C.  Before, at, and after on-site inspection	
 D.  After on-site inspection
A

C

34
Q

A high complexity testing area such as a cytogenetics test:

 A.  is the same as a waived test	
 B.  is available over the counter	
 C.  needs no physician interpretation	
 	 D.  is a manual test requiring a pathologists interpretation.
A

D

35
Q

Which of the following statements concerning proficiency testing is true?

 A.  Proficiency testing through CAP Surveys takes place 4 times each year.	
 	 B.  CAP Surveys are a joint venture of the College of American Pathologists and JACHO (The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations).	
 C.  Proficiency testing through CAP Surveys takes place 3 times each year.	
 D.  All cytogenetic laboratories must be proficiency tested by N.Y. agencies even if already tested by CAP surveys.
A

C

36
Q

The main purpose of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 is to:

 A.  Implement new or improve existing employee safety and health programs.	
 	 B.  Ensure accurate and consistent quality of care for patients.	
 C.  Issue certificates of accreditation to laboratories.	
 D.  Provide proficiency testing.
A

B

37
Q

A quality control program in a clinical cytogenetics laboratory includes:

 A.  the testing of tissue culture media	
 B.  the routine monitoring and standardization of equipment.	
 C.  the testing of various reagents.	
 	 D.  all of the above.
A

D

38
Q

Material Safety Data Sheets are kept on:

 A.  all hazardous chemicals	
 B.  all biological hazardous chemicals.	
 C.  all flammable chemicals.	
 	 D.  all chemicals used in a laboratory, even non-hazardous chemicals such as KCL.
A

D

39
Q

The most effective way to minimize occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens is to

 A.  always double glove.	
 	 B.  follow universal precautions.	
 C.  maintain a clean work environment.	
 D.  label all potential biological hazards.
A

B

40
Q

An index of precision is statistically known as the:

 A.  median	
 B.  mean	
 	 C.  standard deviation	
 D.  coefficient of variation
A

D

41
Q

The statistical term for the average value is the:

 A.  mode	
 B.  median	
 	 C.  mean	
 D.  coefficient of variation
A

C

42
Q

Diagnostic specificity is defined as the percentage of individuals:

A. With a given disease who have a positive result by a given test. 

 B.  Without a given disease who have a negative result by a given test.	
 C.  With a given disease who have a negative result by a given test.	
 D.  Without a given disease who have a positive result by a given test.
A

A

43
Q

CLIA was established in 1988 and

 A.  Is an association for clinical laboratories.	
 B.  Was established mainly to deal with unsafe practices in the workplace.	
 	 C.  Is a set of amendments designed to improve clinical laboratories	
 D.  Stands for Clinical Laboratory Installation Act.
A

C

44
Q

CAP/ASHG Cytogenetics Proficiency Testing Surveys are conducted in Clinical Cytogenetics Laboratories

A. Once a year 

 B.  Twice a year	
 C.  Three times a year	
 D.  Four times a year
A

C

45
Q

What agency instructs universal precautions for the workplace?

 A.  Centers for Disease Control	
 B.  Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments	
 C.  College of American Pathologists	
 	 D.  Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
A

D

46
Q

RACE is an acronym that stands for

 A.  Rescue, alarm, confine, extinguish	
 B.  Run, alarm, confine, evacuate	
 C.  Run, alarm, confine, evacuate	
 	 D.  Rescue, alert, confine, evacuate
A

A

47
Q

What part of the universal precautions remains the single most important precaution to preventing transmission of infection?

 A.  The use of gloves	
 B.  The use of a laboratory coat	
 	 C.  Hand washing	
 D.  The use of masks and goggles
A

C

48
Q

Which of the following is a route of chemical exposure?

 A.  inhalation	
 B.  ingestion	
 C.  contact	
 	 D.  all of the above
A

D

49
Q

In 1988, the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA 1988) was passed by Congress. The primary goal of these amendments is to

 A.  Encourage the participation of ABMG certified individuals in the laboratory.	
 	 B.  To ensure accurate and consistent quality of care for patients.	
 C.  To improve the turnaround time of clinical laboratory procedures.	
 D.  To issue certificates of accreditation to laboratories.
A

B

50
Q

What is the purpose of an approved proficiency testing program?

 A.  It provides a good external method to evaluate the performances of participating laboratories	
 B.  It ensures the highest quality testing for patients.	
 C.  It provides a good internal method to evaluate the performance of participating laboratories	
 	 D.  both a and b
A

D

51
Q

A technician checks with the Material Safety Data Sheets kept in the laboratory to find out the precautions which should be taken with various chemicals. Which of the following chemicals would this technician find the LEAST hazardous?

 A.  methanol	
 B.  film developer	
 C.  xylene	
 	 D.  sodium citrate
A

D

52
Q

Which of the following laboratory safety regulations is TRUE?

A. All unused patient specimen material must be disposed of in plastic bags for autoclaving before final disposal. 

 B.  Open toe shoes are recommended.	
 C.  Procedures with body fluids which may produce aerosols may be performed on the bench instead of in the Biosafety Cabinet	
 D.  all of the above
A

A

53
Q

What does “universal precaution” mean?

 A.  to bag only blood specimens	
 	 B.  to treat every patient specimen as if it contains a bloodborne pathogen	
 C.  to take precautions when handling flammable liquids	
 D.  to wear a mask at all times in the laboratory
A

B

54
Q

How many grams of sodium bicarbonate would be needed to make 100 ml of 8% sodium bicarbonate solution?

A. 0.08 grams 

 B.  0.8 grams	
 C.  8 grams	
 D.  80 grams
A

C

55
Q

What concentration of sodium hypochlorite solution is appropriate for cleaning small spills?

 A.  1:1	
 B.  1:2	
 C.  1:4	
 	 D.  1:10
A

D

Module 1 (8 decks)

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