Language and Age

Question 1

Anita Stenstrom

Answer 1

common features of teenspeak:
> slang
> irregular turn taking
> verbal duelling
> overlaps
> teasing and name calling
> indistinct articulation
> taboo and language mixing1

Question 2

Penelope Eckert (2003)

Answer 2

slang is used to connect to an individual to youth culture and to set themselves off from other generations.
typical features include:
> ‘okay’, ‘like’
> rising inflection
> multiple negation

Question 3

Ignacio Palacios (2011)

Answer 3

teenagers use negatives more than adults
teenagers are more direct and are not afraid of potential FTAs.
> negatives used such as ‘nah’, ‘nope’ and ‘dunno’ as well as multiple negation and use of ‘never’

Question 4

Cristopher Odato (2013)

Answer 4

non-standard syntactic use of ‘like’ being seen in children as young as four.
girls seem to develop on to using ‘like’ in more syntactic positions faster than boys. Claims there is an element of children`

Question 5

Gary Ives

Answer 5

thirty 15 year olds - found examples of features slipping into speech such as ‘cba’ and ‘wtf’ both including expletives.
> Instragram research with children aged 8-12. Found text-talk language used extensively
> technologys influence may be diminishing or passed on to younger children

Question 6

Vivian de Klerk (2005)

Answer 6

younger people have the freedom to challenge linguistic norms.
> they seek to establish new identities.
> patterns of speech formed by parents are eroded by patterns in peer group
> need to be seen as modern and cool to appear as a distinct peer group