language techniques Flashcards
tones
annoyed
amused
angry
bitter
cheerful
compassionate
confused
conversational
casual
disgusted
harsh
ironic
nostalgic
passionate
sad
solemn
sarcastic
serious
urgent
transitional devices
in addition
furthermore
additionally
* again
* also
* and
* besides
* by the same token
* even more so
* fi nally
* fi rst/fi rstly
* further
* furthermore
* in addition
* in the fi rst place
* in the second place
* last/lastly
* moreover
* next
* or/nor
* second/secondly
* too
To show contrast
* a clear difference
* after all
* and yet
* at the same time
* but
* despite
* however
* in another way
* in contrast
* in spite of
* nevertheless
* nonetheless
* notwithstanding
* on the contrary
* on the other hand
* otherwise
* the antithesis of
* though
* yet
To make a comparison
* by the same token
* correspondingly
* coupled with
* in a similar fashion
* in like manner
* in the same manner
* in the same way
* likewise
* similarly
To express a causal relationship
* as
* because (of the fact that)
* being that
* consequently
* due to (the fact that)
* for
* for that reason
* on account of
* since
To show an effect or result
* accordingly
* as a result
* because (of this)
* consequently
* for this reason
* hence
* in consequence
* so much so that
* so that
* therefore
* thus
TECHNIQUES FOR PAPER 2 113
To clarify
* I mean
* in other words
* that is
* that is to say
* to clarify
* to explain
* to put it another way
* to rephrase it
To emphasise or intensify
* above all
* besides
* by all means
* certainly
* especially
* essentially
* even more so
* more importantly
* of course
* particularly
* surely
* undoubtedly
* without doubt
To show sequence
* afterwards
* at this point
* at this time
* before this
* fi nally
* fi rst(ly), second(ly), third(ly)
* following this
* hence
* next
* now
* previously
* simultaneously
* subsequently
* then
To summarise or conclude
* all in all
* as a fi nal point
* at last
* fi nally
* in brief
* in conclusion
* in short
* in sum
* in summary
* in the end
* in the fi nal analysis
* lastly
* to conclude
* to sum up
* to summarise
To illustrate or to give examples
* as an illustration
* for example
* for instance
* for one thing
* such as
* to demonstrate
* to enumerate
* to illustrate
what are all the language techniques?
descriptive language
figurative languaage
conversational tone
presentation of evidence
use of pathos
use of logos
neutral tone
non neutral tone
voice/ narrative perspective
dialogue
anecdotes
objective arguments
precise language
rhetorical question
list of three
lack of objectivity
descriptive language
vivid verb
adverb
adjectives
figurative language
metaphor
simile
alliteration
assonance
allusion
analogy
sarcasm
hyperbole
euphemism
irony
onamotopeia
oxymoron
paradox
pathetic fallacy
personification
pun
satire
tautology
synechdoche
litote
