Large Intestine Flashcards
1
Q
Predisposing factors for “diverticular disease”
A
- obesity
- decrease physical activity
- alcohol
- coffee
- cigaret smoking
- low fiber diet
2
Q
The main cause of increased pressure in the colon
A
Constipation
3
Q
Diverticulosis symptoms
A
- usually asymptomatic
- lower abdominal colicky pain
- flatulence which disappear after defecation
4
Q
Diverticulitis symptoms
A
- acute left lower quadrant pain severe and deep
- nausea and vomiting
- fever and chills
- constipation
- bouts of diarrhea
- tenderness
- gardening left lower quadrant
- Leucocytosis
- Tender left side in rectal exam
- urine frequency
5
Q
Diverticulosis complications
A
- abscess
- bleeding
- fistula formation
- intestinal obstruction
- perforation
6
Q
Diverticulosis abscess staging
A
Stage I peri colic
Stage II pelvic
Stage III purulent peritonitis
Stage IV feculent peritonitis
7
Q
Treatment for diverticulosis
A
- high residue diet
- antispasmodic for pain
- encourage physical activity
- antibiotics sometimes
8
Q
Treatment of diverticulitis
A
- rest in bed
- liquid diet
- insert nasogastric tube if patient vomiting or colonic obstruction suspected
- antibiotic +- and anaerobes
9
Q
The extent of colonic involvement in ulcerative colitis
A
- proctitis (rectum)
- proctosigmoiditis (rectosigmoid colon)
- left sided colitis (descending colon)
- pancolitis (entire colon)
10
Q
Symptoms of ulcerative colitis
A
- intermittent bloody diarrhea
- tenesmus
- rectal urgency
- abdominal pain , cramping
- weight loss
- arthritis (autoimmune)
11
Q
Signs of ulcerative colitis
A
- palor
- dehydration
- ematiation
12
Q
DD diagnosis for ulcerative colitis
A
- crohn’s disease
- ischemic colitis
- Infectious colitis
- irritable bowel syndrome
- pseudomembranous colitis
13
Q
Test of choice to disgnose ulcerative colitis
A
- colonoscopy
- biopsy
14
Q
The most common cause for death in ulcerative colitis
A
Toxic colonic dilatation
Fulminating colitis
