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Foundations > LE ROM and MMT > Flashcards

LE ROM and MMT Flashcards

1
Q

Shoulder Flexion Normal Range

A

180
GH-120
AC, SC, ST - 60

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2
Q

Shoulder Flexion ROM Position

A

Supine, arm at side, palm facing trunk

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3
Q

Shoulder Flexion Lines of Reference

A

Stationary Arm: Midline of torso
Axis: Midpoint of lateral aspect of acromion process
Moving Arm: Lateral Midline of Humerus toward humeral epicondyle

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4
Q

Shoulder Flexion Normal End Feels

A

Firm (from posterior joint capsule, teres major, teres minor, and infraspinatus)

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5
Q

Shoulder extension ROM normal ranges

A

60
GH - 25

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6
Q

shoulder extension ROM pt positon

A

prone, arm at side, palm facing trunk

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7
Q

shoulder extension lines of reference

A

stationary arm: midline of torso
axis: midpoint of lateral aspect of acromion process
moving arm: lateral midline of humerus toward humeral epicondyle

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8
Q

shoulder extension end feels

A

firm (anterior joint capsule and coracohumeral ligament)

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9
Q

shoulder abduction normal range

A

180
GH - 125
SC, AC, ST - 55

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10
Q

shoulder abduction ROM pt position

A

supine, arm at side, palm face up

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11
Q

shoulder abduction lines of reference

A

stationary arm: parallel to sternum
axis: anterior aspect of of acromion process
moving arm: anterior midline of humerus toward medial humeral epicondyle

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12
Q

shoulder abduction end feel

A

firm (tension of GH ligaments, inferior capsule, teres major and pec major)

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13
Q

shoulder adduction normal range

A

do not measure since full return to 0 from abduction

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14
Q

shoulder adduction ROM pt position

A

supine, arms to side, palm face up

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15
Q

shoulder adduction lines of reference

A

stationary arm: parallel to sternum
axis: anterior aspect of acromion process
moving arm: anterior midline of humerus toward medial humeral expicondyle

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16
Q

hip flexion normal range

A

120-140

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17
Q

hip flexion ROM pt position

A

supine, pelvis in neutral, LE’s extended

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18
Q

hip flexion lines of reference

A

stationary arm: midline of torso
axis: greater trochanter
moving arm: lateral midline of femur from greater trochanter to lateral epicondyle

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19
Q

hip flexion normal end feels

A

soft tissue approximation

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20
Q

hip extension normal range

A

18-30

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21
Q

hip extension ROM pt position

A

prone

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22
Q

hip extension lines of reference

A

stationary arm: midline of torso
axis: greater trochanter
moving arm: lateral midline of femur from greater trochanter to lateral femoral epicondyle

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23
Q

hip extension end feels

A

firm

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24
Q

hip abduction normal range

A

40-55

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25
Q

hip abduction ROM pt position

A

supine, neutral pelvis, LE’s extended

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26
Q

hip abduction lines of reference

A

stationary arm: parallel to line between ASIS
axis: ASIS of tested leg
moving arm: ASIS to midline of patella

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27
Q

hip abduction end feel

A

firm

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28
Q

hip adduction normal range

A

20-25

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29
Q

hip adduction ROM pt position

A

supine, neutral pelvis, LE’s extended

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30
Q

hip adduction lines of reference

A

stationary arm: parallel to line between ASIS
axis: ASIS of tested leg
moving arm: ASIS to midline of patella

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31
Q

hip adduction end feel

A

firm

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32
Q

hip internal rotation normal ranges

A

30-45

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33
Q

hip internal rotation ROM pt position

A

short sitting, lower legs hanging off table

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34
Q

hip internal rotation lines of reference

A

stationary arm: perpendicular to the floor
axis: middle of patella
moving arm: midline of patella to the midway between two malleoli

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35
Q

hip internal rotation end feel

A

firm?

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36
Q

hip external rotation normal range

A

30-55

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37
Q

hip external rotation ROM pt position

A

short sitting, lower legs hanging off table

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38
Q

hip external rotation lines of reference

A

stationary arm: perpendicular to the floor
axis: middle of patella
moving arm: midline of patella to the midway between the two malleoli

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39
Q

hip external rotation end feel

A

firm?

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40
Q

FABERS

A
  • flexion, abduction, external rotation
  • positive test indicates capsular restriction
  • pain is a positive test
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41
Q

FABERS pt position

A

supine, legs in figure 4 position (test leg bent)

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42
Q

FABERS PT handling

A

one hand is stabilizing thee opposite contralateral side of the pelvis while the other is applying light pressure to ipsilateral knee until end range is met

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43
Q

FADIRS

A
  • flexion, adduction, internal rotation
  • positive test indicates acetabular impingement
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44
Q

FADIRS pt position

A

supine

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45
Q

FADIRS PT handling

A

one hand holds bottom of foot and other hand is on distal end of femur
- push leg toward contralateral shoulder

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46
Q

OBERS test pt position

A

pt in side-lying with bottom knee flexed

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47
Q

OBERS test PT handling

A
  • behind pt
  • one hand stabilizes the pelvis
  • other hand grasps the distal end of the pt’s leg and lifts above horizontal
  • slowly lower the leg toward the table until motion is restricted
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48
Q

OBERS test results

A
  • positive test: top leg is not able to drop passed horizontal indicating tight ITB
  • negative test: top leg is able to drop passed the horizontal indicating no ITB tightness
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49
Q

hamstring test pt position

A
  • 90/90: supine with knee and hip flexed to 90 degrees
  • straight leg: supine with leg straight and other leg bent
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50
Q

hamstring test 90/90 PT handling

A
  • PT holds posterior distal leg with one hand; other hand stabilizes thigh at distal femur
  • PT slowly straightens leg
  • positive test = unable to reach full knee extension
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51
Q

hamstring test straight leg PT handling

A
  • PT holds posterior distal leg with one hand and stabilizes distal femur with other
  • PT lifts straight up until 90 degrees hip flexion
  • positive test = unable to reach full hip extension; or knee is not fully extended at 90 degrees hip flexion
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52
Q

Ely’s test

A
  • checks for quad tightness
  • flex knee without pelvis rotation (tailbone popping up)
  • position: prone
  • positive test: unable to reach 90 degrees knee flexion
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53
Q

Thomas Test

A
  • checks for ITB, rectus femoris, and iliopsoas tightness
  • pt rolls back on edge of table, holding both legs to chest, drops one leg
  • negative test: thigh is parallel or passed the level of table (no iliopsoas tightness), lower leg is perpendicular to the floor (no rectus femoris tightness), knee is in line with ASIS (no ITB tightness)
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54
Q

Positive thomas test

A

1+ of the following:
- thigh is above the horizontal (iliopsoas tightness)
- lower leg is kicked out/not perpendicular to the floor (rectus femoris tightness)
- knee is lateral to the ASIS (ITB tightness; +Jsign)

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55
Q

knee flexion normal range

A

120-140

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56
Q

knee flexion ROM pt position

A

supine

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57
Q

knee flexion lines of reference

A

stationary arm: lateral midline of femur from greater trochanter to lateral femoral epicondyle
axis: lateral femoral epicondyle
moving arm: lateral midline of fibula, from lateral femoral epicondyle to lateral malleolus

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58
Q

knee flexion end feel

A

soft tissue approximation

59
Q

knee extension normal ranges

A

0-15

60
Q

knee extension ROM pt position

A

supine with LE’s extended; towel under ankle

61
Q

knee extension lines of references

A

stationary arm: lateral midline of femur from greater trochanter to lateral femoral epicondyle
axis: lateral femoral epicondyle
moving arm: lateral midline of fibular from lateral femoral epicondyle to lateral malleolus

62
Q

ankle dorsiflexion normal ranges

A

10-20

63
Q

ankle dorsiflexion ROM pt position

A

supine with knees bent (pillow supporting)

64
Q

ankle dorsiflexion lines of reference

A

stationary arm: lateral midline of fibular toward lateral femoral epicondyle
axis: distal to lateral malleolus
moving arm: in line with 5th metatarsal

65
Q

ankle dorsiflexion end feel

A

firm due to ligaments

66
Q

ankle plantar flexion normal ranges

A

30-50

67
Q

ankle plantar flexion ROM pt position

A

long sitting

68
Q

ankle plantar flexion lines of reference

A

stationary arm: lateral midline of fibula toward lateral femoral epicondyle
axis: distal to lateral malleolus
moving arm: in line with 5th metatarsal
** if a plantar flexion at mid foot, measure in with calcaneus instead

69
Q

ankle planter flexion end feel

A

firm

70
Q

ankle inversion normal range

A

35-60

71
Q

ankle inversion ROM pt position

A

long sitting

72
Q

ankle inversion lines of reference

A

stationary arm: anterior midline of tibia
axis: midway between two malleoli
moving arm: in line with 2nd metatarsal

73
Q

ankle inversion end feel

A

firm

74
Q

ankle eversion normal range

A

15-30

75
Q

ankle eversion ROM pt position

A

long sitting

76
Q

ankle eversion lines of reference

A

stationary arm: anterior midline of tibia
axis: midway between two malleoli
moving arm: in line with 2nd metatarsal

77
Q

ankle eversion end feel

A

firm

78
Q

hindfoot inversion normal range

A

5-10

79
Q

hindfoot inversion ROM pt position

A

prone, foot off table

80
Q

hindfoot inversion lines of reference

A

stationary arm: posterior midline of calf
axis: on top of calcaneal tendon, in line with malleoli
moving arm: posterior midline of calcaneus

81
Q

hindfoot inverion end feel

A

hard

82
Q

hindfoot eversion normal range

A

5-10

83
Q

hindfoot eversion ROM pt position

A

prone, foot off table

84
Q

hindfoot eversion lines of reference

A

stationary arm: posterior midline of calf
axis: over achilles tendon midway between malleoli
moving arm: posterior midline of calcaneus

85
Q

hindfoot eversion end feel

A

hard

86
Q

hip flexion MMT muscles

A

iliopsoas, rectus femoris

87
Q

hip flexion MMT against gravity position (5/4/3)

A

short sitting

88
Q

hip flexion MMT gravity reduced position (2)

A

sidelying

89
Q

hip flexion MMT trace

A

lesser trochanter under the inguinal ligament (iliopsoas)

90
Q

hip extension MMT muscles (leg straight)

A

glute max, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

91
Q

hip extension MMT muscles (bent knee)

A

glute max

92
Q

hip extension MMT against gravity position (5/4/3)

A

prone

93
Q

hip extension MMT gravity reduced position (2)

A

sidelying

94
Q

hip extension MMT gravity reduced position (1/0)

A

prone

95
Q

hip extension MMT palpation

A

glute max (ischial tuberosity)

96
Q

hip abduction MMT muscles

A

glute med, glute min, TFL, glute max

97
Q

hip abduction MMT against gravity position (5/4/3)

A

sidelying
(must apply resistance at the ankle for a 5)

98
Q

hip abduction MMT gravity reduced position (2/1/0)

A

supine

99
Q

hip abduction MMT palpation

A

greater trochanter (glute med)

100
Q

hip adduction MMT muscles

A

adductor magnus, brevis, longus, pectineus, gracilis

101
Q

hip adduction MMT against gravity (5/4/3)

A

sidelying

102
Q

hip adduction MMT gravity reduced (2/1/0)

A

supine

103
Q

hip adduction MMT palpation

A

proximal medial thigh

104
Q

hip ER MMT muscles

A

superior and inferior gemellus, piriformis, obturator internus and externus, quad fem, glute max

105
Q

hip ER MMT against gravity position (5/4/3)

A

short sitting

106
Q

hip ER MMT gravity reduced position (2/1/0)

A

supine

107
Q

hip ER MMT palpation

A

the external rotator muscles are not palpable

108
Q

hip IR MMT muscles

A

glute min, glute med, TFL

109
Q

hip IR MMT against gravity position (5/4/3)

A

seated

110
Q

hip IR MMT gravity reduced position (2/1/0)

A

supine

111
Q

hip IR MMT palpation

A

glute med: above greater trochanter
TFL: surface below ASIS

112
Q

sartorius MMT hip movements

A

hip flexion, abduction, and ER, with knee flexion

113
Q

sartorius MMT against gravity position (5/4/3)

A

seated with foot across shin; slides foot up shin

114
Q

sartorius MMT gravity reduced position (2/1/0)

A

supine with foot across shin, slides foot up shin

115
Q

sartorius MMT palpation

A

ASIS or pes anserinus

116
Q

knee flexion MMT muscles

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

117
Q

knee flexion MMT against gravity position (5/4/3)

A

prone

118
Q

knee flexion MMT medial muscles only

A
  • semitendinosus and semimembranosus
  • pt points toes medially
  • PT applies resistance laterally
119
Q

knee flexion MMT lateral muscles only

A
  • biceps femoris
  • pt points toes laterally
  • PT applies resistance medially
120
Q

knee flexion MMT gravity reduced position (2)

A

side lying

121
Q

knee flexion MMT gravity reduced position (1/0)

A

prone

122
Q

knee flexion MMT palpation

A

medial and lateral hamstring tendons just above the posterior knee

123
Q

knee extension MMT muscles

A

rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius

124
Q

knee extension MMT against gravity position (5/4/3)

A

short sitting

125
Q

knee extension MMT gravity reduced position (2)

A

side lying

126
Q

knee extension MMT gravity reduced position (1/0)

A

supine

127
Q

knee extension MMT palpation

A

quads just above the knee with the tendon “held” gently between the thumb and fingers

128
Q

ankle dorsiflexion and inversion MMT muscles

A

TA, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius

129
Q

ankle dorsiflexion and inversion MMT position for all grades

A

long sitting

130
Q

ankle dorsiflexion and inversion MMT PT resistance

A

down and out

131
Q

ankle dorsiflexion and inversion MMT palpation

A

tendon of tibialis anterior or belly of tibialis anterior

132
Q

ankle inversion MMT muscles

A

tibialis posterior

133
Q

ankle inversion MMT position for all grades

A

short sitting

134
Q

ankle inversion MMT palpation

A

tibialis posterior tendon between medial malleolus and navicular bone

135
Q

ankle eversion and plantar flexion MMT muscles

A

fibularis longus and brevis, extensor digitorus longus, fibularis tertius, gastroc

136
Q

ankle eversion and plantar flexion MMT position for all grades

A

short sitting

137
Q

ankle eversion and plantar flexion MMT palpation

A

behind lateral malleolus (fibularis brevis)
lateral leg; head of the fibula (fibularis longus)

138
Q

ankle plantar flexion MMT muscles

A

gastroc and soleus

139
Q

ankle plantar flexion MMT grade 5

A

25 heel raises weight bearing (standing) through full ROM

140
Q

ankle plantar flexion MMT grade 4

A

2-24 heel raises in weight bearing (standing) through full ROM

141
Q

ankle plantar flexion MMT grade 3

A

1 heel raise in weight bearing (standing) through full ROM

142
Q

ankle plantar flexion MMT grade 2+

A

can lift heel off ground in weight bearing (standing) 1 time

143
Q

ankle plantar flexion MMT grade 2

A

pt is prone and is able to complete full ROM and take max resistance

144
Q

ankle plantar flexion MMT grade 1

A

able to move through partial range
- palpate gastroc at muscle belly (thumb and fingers on either side of the midline)

Foundations (16 decks)

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