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ACBS 311 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The Science of Applied Animal Behavior (AAB)

A

Is a specialized field of study for behavior of captive and domesticated animals

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2
Q

Are there more cats or dogs as pets in the U.S.?

A

There are more cats than dogs (b/c more cats per household)

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3
Q

What is a socialized animal (3)?

A

Individual animals that have zero flight distance, have interacted with humans and voluntarily seek their attention

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4
Q

Are socialized animals domesticated?

A

No, they just have positive reinforcement

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5
Q

What is an example of a socialized animal?

A

Bears at a camp site, associating humans with food nearby

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6
Q

What type of animal is the most dangerous? (socialized, tame, domesticated, feral, wild…)

A

Socialized animals are the most dangerous because they are no longer afraid of humans and they are freely coming to interact

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7
Q

What is a tame animal (3)?

A

Individual habituation to human presence, tolerates physical contact with humans and has zero flight distance

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8
Q

Are all tame animals domesticated?

A

No

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9
Q

Are all domesticated animals tame?

A

No, horses

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10
Q

Domestication

A

Animal whose breeding and care has been under the control of humans for many generations and who are now physically and behaviorally different from wild ancestors

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11
Q

Domestication occurs at what level?

A

species

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12
Q

Domestication is a(n)

A

evolutionary process accomplished through artificial selection

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13
Q

Domestication “syndrome”

A
  • Piebald or patched coat colors
  • wavy or curly hair
  • dropped ears
  • variable tail carriage and length
  • diestrous cycle
  • dwarf/giant variations
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14
Q

Neoteny

A

retention of juvenile characteristics into adulthood

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15
Q

Physical Neoteny Characteristics (5)

A
  • big head with large round eyes
  • rounded forehead
  • shortened muzzle
  • shorter legs, curly tail
  • floppy ears, softer fur
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16
Q

Behavioral Neoteny Characteristics (5)

A
  • extended play behavior
  • more barking
  • less aggressive
  • less fear novelty
  • less predatory behavior
17
Q

Semi-domesticated

A

not subjected to specific breeding but have long associations with humans and haven’t been isolated from wild ancestors

18
Q

What steps of domestication have semi-domesticated animals not been through?

A

Steps 4-5

  1. Selective breeding for specific traits
  2. Genetic Isolation
19
Q

Examples of semi-domesticated animals

A

New Guinea Singing dogs

Dingoes

20
Q

How is domestication different from taming?

A
  • domestication occurs at a species level
  • domestication is fundamentally different from taming
  • domestication alters genetics of breeding population
  • Genetic changes in domestication are heritable
21
Q

What is a feral animal?

A

A domesticated animal who is in the process of returning to a wild existence

22
Q

Characteristics of feral animal?

A

-No longer depends on humans for care and control

23
Q

There may be what differences between feral, domestic and wild animals of the same species?

A

genetic

24
Q

What is the concern of feral animals?

A

can create health and social problems for communities

25
Q

Examples of possible feral animals?

A

horses, donkeys, pigs, dogs

26
Q

Captive

A

Animals that live under human care, breeding may or may not be controlled

  • there is no circle of life
  • previously domesticated OR wild
27
Q

Wild

A

Animal whose breeding and/or care are not under the control of humans and who mostly live apart from humans

  • wild-wild
  • Utilize the circle of life
  • breeding ranges might be restricted (only boundaries are controlled)
28
Q

Who is the sole ancestor of the dog?

A

Gray wolf (canis lupus)

29
Q

How did the wolf become a dog?

A

happened through commensalism or mutualism

  • taming of a group of founder individuals
  • Coppinger theory widely accepted
30
Q

When did the domestication of the dog happen?

A
  • 12,000-16,000 ya
  • archeological record 16,000 ya (fossils)
  • DNA records 12,000 ya
  • New world dogs were not a separate domestication
31
Q

Where did the domestication of the dog happen?

A
  • East Asia

- Most variability

ACBS 311 (1 decks)

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