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COM: MSK (Midterm) COPY > Lecture 1: Dermatomes, Myotomes & Plexi > Flashcards

Lecture 1: Dermatomes, Myotomes & Plexi Flashcards

1
Q

Afferent = ___________ and Efferent = ____________

A

Sensory; motor

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2
Q

During development the trilayer disk develops into the the 3 germ layers. Mesoderm divides into what 4 things?

A

Intermediate mesoderm
Chordamesoderm
Paraxial mesoderm
Lateral mesoderm

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3
Q

During development, the mesoderm divides into intermediate mesoderm, chordamesoderm, paraxial mesoderm and lateral mesoderm. What does the intermediate mesoderm further divide to become?

A

Kidney and gonads

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4
Q

During development, the mesoderm divides into intermediate mesoderm, chordamesoderm, paraxial mesoderm and lateral mesoderm. What does the chordamesoderm further divide to become?

A

Notochord

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5
Q

During development, the mesoderm divides into intermediate mesoderm, chordamesoderm, paraxial mesoderm and lateral mesoderm. What does the paraxial mesoderm further divide to become?

A

Head and somites

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6
Q

During development, the mesoderm divides into intermediate mesoderm, chordamesoderm, paraxial mesoderm and lateral mesoderm. What does the lateral mesoderm further divide to become?

A

Splanchnic (circulatory system)
Somatic
Extraembryonic

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7
Q

During development, the paraxial mesoderm becomes the head and somite. What does the somite divide into?

A

Sclerotome (cartilage)
Myotome (skeletal muscle)
Dermatome (dermis)

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8
Q

Cells of the ___________ condense around the notochord and form the vertebrae

A

sclerotome

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9
Q

During development, what does the notochord form?

A

The nucleus pulposus in intervertebral disk (between vertebra)

  • When you have a slipped disk, its the notochord oozing out
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10
Q

During somatic innervation, cells that migrate anteriorly give rise what?

A

Muscles of the limbs and trunk (hypaxial musculature) and to the associated dermis

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11
Q

During somatic innervation, cells that migrate posteriorly give rise to what?

A

The intrinsic muscles of the back (epaxial muscles) and the associated dermis

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12
Q

When looking at the spinal cord gray matter, the posterior horn is responsible for _________ nuclei and the anterior horn is responsible for ___________ nuclei

A

Sensory; motor

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13
Q

The posterior primary ramus and anterior primary ramus come together at a ________ spinal nerve

A

Mixed -> they can innervate dermatomes and myotomes

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14
Q

The posterior ramus goes to _________ structures and the anterior ramus goes to __________ structures

A

Epaxial; hypaxial

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15
Q

When do limb buds appear during development?

A

Week 4

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16
Q

The upper limb bud is supplied by what spinal nerve segments?

A

C5-T1

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17
Q

Lower limb bud is supplied by what spinal nerve segments?

A

L2-S2

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18
Q

What is the difference between a dermatome map and a nerve map?

A

A dermatome map is a map of a single spinal nerve to given components of the skin -> 1 nerve to one piece of skin

A nerve map is of terminal nerves which have multiple spinal nerves contributing to them

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19
Q

What is a myotome?

A

All muscles that are innervated by a single efferent anterior root

20
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

The area of skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single posterior spinal root

21
Q

Most muscles are composed of more than one __________

A

Myotome

22
Q

What are the 5 main branches of the lumbosacral plexus to the lower extremity?

A 
Femoral n.
Obturator n. 
Sciatica n. 
Lateral femoral cutaneous n. 
Posterior femoral cutaneous n.
23
Q

What are the 2 nerves that converge to form the sciatic n?

A

Tibial n

Common fibular

24
Q

What spinal nerves innervate the femoral n?

A

L2-L4

25
Q

What spinal nerves innervate the obturator n?

A

L2-L4

26
Q

What spinal nerves innervate the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

27
Q

What spinal nerves innervate the tibial nerve?

A

L4-S3

28
Q

What spinal nerves innervate the common fibular nerve?

A

L4-S2

29
Q

What spinal nerves innervate the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?

A

L2-L3

30
Q

What spinal nerves innervate the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve?

A

S1-S3

31
Q

Spinal nerve _____ lacks significant afferent component and does not supply the skin; therefore, no ______ dermatome is depicted on a dermatome map

A

C1; C1

32
Q

Extension of the hip uses which spinal nerves?

A

L4 and L5

33
Q

Flexion at the hip uses which spinal nerves?

A

L2 and L3

34
Q

Flexion at the knee uses which spinal nerves?

A

L5 and S1

35
Q

Extension at the knee uses which spinal nerves?

A

L3 and L4

36
Q

Dorsiflexion at the ankle uses which spinal nerves?

A

L4 and L5

37
Q

Plantarflexion uses which spinal nerves?

A

S1 and S2

38
Q

What spinal nerves are responsible for internal rotation of the hip?

A

L5 and S1

39
Q

What spinal nerves are responsible for external rotation of the hip?

A

L1-L3

40
Q

What spinal nerves are responsible for adduction of the hip?

A

L1-L4

41
Q

What spinal nerves are responsible for abduction of the hip?

A

L5 and S1

42
Q

What spinal nerves are responsible for Inversion of the foot?

A

L4 and L5

43
Q

What spinal nerves are responsible for eversion of the foot?

A

L5 and S1

44
Q

A 24yo female presents to the clinic with diminished muscle strength in hip flexion on her right side. Hip flexion on the left is within normal limits. Additionally, hip extension, abduction, and adduction score 5/5 for muscle strength bilaterally. Which myotome is involved?

A

L2 and L3

45
Q

A paraplegic returns to the clinic for a routine physical. Without even looking at your chart you know the level of his lesion was most probably in the…

A

Thoracic cord

46
Q

A 46 yo female presents with loss of sensation along her right S1 dermatome. Where is her anesthesia to be present during sensory cutaneous testing?

A

Big toe

COM: MSK (Midterm) COPY (23 decks)

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