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Bio LSB382 - Mid Semester Exam > Lecture 1 - Glossary of Terms > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - Glossary of Terms Flashcards

1
Q

What is anovulation?

A

Menstrual cycle in which ovulation fails to occur

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2
Q

What is the axilla?

A

Armpit

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3
Q

What is a biopsy?

A

Removal of a small piece of tissue for laboratory examination.

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4
Q

What is brachytherapy?

A

Technique involving implementation of radioactive seeds in the prostate to omit small amounts of radiation directly to the tumour

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5
Q

What is a curettage?

A

Involves scraping away surface cells of the uterus

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6
Q

What are cytokines?

A

Proteins that serve as messengers between the cells

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7
Q

What is dysmenorrhoea?

A

Pelvic pain during menstruation

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8
Q

What is displasia?

A

Change in cell size, shape, and organisation

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9
Q

What is dysuria?

A

Painful urination

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10
Q

What is ectopic?

A

Not in the normal location

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11
Q

What is a germ-cell?

A

Sperm or oocyte (egg)

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12
Q

GMP

A

Secondary messenger in cells

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13
Q

What is Hirsutism?

A

Excessive growth of thick dark facial and body hair in women

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14
Q

what is HER2?

A

Human epidermal growth factor receptor

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15
Q

What is hyperplasia?

A

Abnormal increase in number of cells

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16
Q

What is a hysterectomy?

A

Removal of uterus

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17
Q

What is insulin resistance?

A

Cells of the body become resistant to the effects of insulin

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18
Q

What is a lumpectomy?

A

Removal of growth in breast together with some surrounding breast tissue

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19
Q

What is a mastectomy?

A

Removal of whole breast

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20
Q

What is menses?

A

Menstruation

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21
Q

What is metastasis?

A

Spread of cancer to surrounding tissues or other body sites

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22
Q

What is a modified radical masectomy?

A

Removal of whole breast and lymph node

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23
Q

What is nitric oxide?

A

Cell signaller that can cause vasodilation of blood vessels

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24
Q

What is nulliparous?

A

Woman who has never given birth

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25
Q

What are ovarian cysts?

A

Fluid filled sacs in ovaries

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26
Q

What is progestogen?

A

Group of hormones including progesterone

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27
Q

What is a prostatectomy?

A

Surgical removal of the prostate gland

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28
Q

What is a trans-rectal ultrasound?

A

Ultrasound imaging of prostate gland and surrounding tissue

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29
Q

What is a adenocarcinoma?

A

Cancer of epithelium of the gland

30
Q

What is ischaemia?

A

Inadequate supply of blood

31
Q

What is ketonuria?

A

Ketones in urine

32
Q

What is macroalbuminuria?

A

Large amounts of albumin in urine

33
Q

What is microalbuminuria?

A

Small amounts of albumin in urine

34
Q

What is necrosis?

A

Death of tissue due disease, injury or lack of blood supply

35
Q

What is nocturia?

A

Increased urination at night

36
Q

What is oedema?

A

Swelling of soft tissues due to an abnormal accumulation of tissue fluid

37
Q

What is oliguria?

A

Decreased urine output (

38
Q

What is osmolarity?

A

Concentration of a solution

39
Q

What is osteomalacia?

A

Reduced calcification of bone

40
Q

What is proteinuria?

A

Protein in the urine

41
Q

What is Polyuria?

A

Abnormally high urine output

42
Q

What is Polydipsia?

A

Excessive thirst

43
Q

What is renal colic?

A

Sudden onset of severe pain in side or back

44
Q

What is albuminuria?

A

Albumin in urine

45
Q

What is anaemia?

A

Decrease in the number of red blood cells or in their haemoglobin

46
Q

What in anuria?

A

Absence of urine formation

47
Q

What is acidosis?

A

Abnormal amount of acid in the blood

48
Q

What is clearance?

A

How much of a substance can be cleared from the blood by the kidneys

49
Q

What is diuresis?

A

Increased urine production

50
Q

What is filtrate?

A

Fluid formed from filtration through glomerular filtration membrane

51
Q

What is Glycosuria?

A

Glucose in urine

52
Q

What is haematuria?

A

Blood in urine

53
Q

What is hydronephrosis?

A

Swelling of kidney due to back up of urine

54
Q

What is hypercalaemia?

A

Abnormally high potassium levels in the blood

55
Q

What is hyperlipidaemia?

A

Increased serum lipids in the blood

56
Q

What is hypoalbuminaemia?

A

Decreased serum albumin in the blood

57
Q

What is hypocalaemia?

A

Abnormally low potassium levels in the blood

58
Q

What is hypovolaemia?

A

Low blood volume

59
Q

What is hypoxaemia?

A

Abnormally low oxygen levels in the blood

60
Q

What is dysphagia?

A

Difficulty swallowing

61
Q

What is the enteric nervous system?

A

Intrinsic nervous system of the GIT

62
Q

What is emesis?

A

Vomiting

63
Q

What is epigastric?

A

Area of abdomen below the sternum

64
Q

What is haematemesis?

A

Vomiting blood

65
Q

What is a hernia?

A

It occurs when an organ pushes through an opening in the muscle tissue that holds it in place

66
Q

What is nerve plexus?

A

Branching network of nerves

67
Q

What is NSAIDs?

A

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

68
Q

What is oesophagitis?

A

Chronic inflammation of the oesophagus

69
Q

What is a sphincter?

A

Circular band of voluntary or involuntary muscle that encircles an orifice of the body or one of its hollow organs

70
Q

What is ulceration?

A

Erosion of tissue of the epidermis and below

Bio LSB382 - Mid Semester Exam (7 decks)

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