Lecture 1: Introduction

Question 1

Studying anatomy in New Zealand today, where do the bodies we use come from and what bodies do we not use?

Answer 1

Bodies come from bequests (not from condemned criminals or unclaimed bodies).

Question 2

What is informed consent in regards to bodies used in anatomy?

Answer 2

People who, while they were alive, made the free choice to donate their body.

Question 3

What is the Human Tissue Act 2008?

Answer 3

1. Voluntary donation of bodies
2. Requires dual signed consent by the donor and an immediate family member
3. Most bodies are held for about 18 months. However, body parts can be kept for longer periods of teaching and research (allowed under the Human Tissue Act)

Question 4

What are the four basic tissue types?

Answer 4

Epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous

Question 5

What does epithelial tissue consist of?

Answer 5

• Epithelia (Apical (Microvilli) and Basolateral)
• Glands (Exocrine glands and endocrine glands)

Question 6

What are functions of epithelial tissue

Answer 6

• Provide physical protection
• Control permeability
• Provide sensation
• Produce specialised sections

Question 7

What does epithelial tissue do?

Answer 7

• Covers exposed surfaces
• Lines internal passageways and chambers
• Forms secretory glands

Question 8

What does connective tissue consist of?

Answer 8

• Connective tissue proper (Loose: areolar tissue, adipose tissue, reticular tissue. Dense: dense regular, dense irregular and elastic)
• Fluid connective tissue (Blood and lymph)
• Supporting connective tissue (Cartilage: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage and fibrocartilage. Bone.)

Question 9

What are the functions of connective tissue?

Answer 9

• Establish a structial frame for the body
• Transport fluids and dissolved materials
• Protect delicate organs
• Support, surround and interconnect other types of tissue
• Store energy, especially in the form of triglycerides
• Defend the body from invading micro-organisms

Question 10

What does connective tissue do?

Answer 10

• Fill internal spaces
• Provide structural support
• Stores energy

Question 11

What does muscle tissue consist of?

Answer 11

• Skeletal muscle tissue
• Cardiac muscle tissue
• Smooth muscle tissue

Question 12

What are the functions of muscle tissue?

Answer 12

Produce movement

Question 13

What does muscle tissue do?

Answer 13

Contract to produce movement

Question 14

What does nervous tissue consist of?

Answer 14

• Dendrites
• Cell body
• One axon

Question 15

What are the functions of nervous tissue?

Answer 15

• Maintain physical structure of nervous tissue
• Repair nervous tissue framework after injury
• Perform phagocytosis
• Provide nutrients to neurons
• Regulate the composition of the interstitial fluid surrounding neurons

Question 16

What does nervous tissue do?

Answer 16

• Conduct electrical impulses
• Carry information

Question 17

What are the special considerations of the Human Tissue Act 2008 and how do they affect you?

Answer 17

Donations must be voluntary. Requires dual signed consent from the donor and an immediate family member. Most bodies are held for about 18 months, however body parts can be kept for longer periods for teaching and research purposes (allowed under the Human Tissue Act).

Question 18

Describe the four basic tissue types

Answer 18

Epithelial tissue (forms glands), connective tissue (includes blood and lymph), muscle tissue (you would find in joints) and nervous tissue (allows information to be quickly sent around the body).