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ACB9501 > Lecture 1 - Superficial Back and Scapular Region > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - Superficial Back and Scapular Region Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones in the human body

A

206

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2
Q

the bones can be divided into 2 groups:

A
  1. Axial skeleton (green = 80 bones)
  2. Appendicular Skeleton (tan = 126 bones)
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3
Q

Name the missing structure

A

Clavicle

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4
Q

Name the missing structure

A

Scapula

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5
Q

Name the missing structure

A

Humerus

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6
Q

Name the missing structures

A

Ulna and radius

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7
Q

Name the missing structures

A

Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

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8
Q

Why is there only 14 phalanges?

A

Thumb only has 2 phalanges, while the other digits have 3 phalanges

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9
Q

What 3 types of surfaces form joints?

A
  1. Head
  2. Facet
  3. Condyle
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10
Q

Head

A

Bony expansion carried on narrow neck

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11
Q

Facet

A

Smooth articular surface

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12
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded articular projection

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13
Q

What 6 projections are the site of muscle and ligament attachment

A
  1. Process
  2. Tubercle
  3. Tuberosity
  4. Spine
  5. Crest
  6. Line
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14
Q

Process

A

Any bony prominence

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15
Q

Tubercle

A

Small rounded projection

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16
Q

Tuberosity

A

Large rounded projections (can be rough)

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17
Q

Spine

A

Sharp slender projection

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18
Q

Crest

A

Narrow ridge

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19
Q

Line

A

Narrow ridge; less prominent than crest

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20
Q

Name 3 types of depressions and openings

A
  1. Fossa
  2. Notch
  3. Foramen
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21
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression

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22
Q

Notch

A

Indentation on edge of structure

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23
Q

Foramen

A

Round/oval opening through bone

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24
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Glenoid Cavity

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25
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Acromion

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26
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Coracoid Process

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27
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Suprascapular notch

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28
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Supraspinous fossa

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29
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Subscapular fossa

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30
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Infraspinous fossa

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31
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Superior Angle

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32
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Medial Border

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33
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Inferior Angle

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34
Q

What structure of the scapula is missing

A

Lateral Border

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35
Q

What two bone structure does the shoulder girdle consist of

A
  1. Clavicle
  2. Scapula
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36
Q

What 2 joints are found in the shoulder girdle

A
  1. Sterno-clavicular joint
  2. Acromio-clavicular joint
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37
Q

Which joint is the only articulation between the axial and appendicular skeleton for the upper limb?

A

Sterno-clavicular joint

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38
Q

What structure is missing from the shoulder girdle

A

Manubrium

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39
Q

What structure is missing from the shoulder girdle

A

Humerus

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40
Q

What structure is missing from the shoulder girdle

A

Scapula

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41
Q

What structure is missing from the shoulder girdle

A

Clavicle

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42
Q

What structure is missing from the shoulder girdle

A

Body of Sternum

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43
Q

What are the 6 movements of the shoulder girdle

A
  1. Elevation
  2. Depression
  3. Retraction
  4. Protraction
  5. Upward Rotation (inferior angle rotates outward because acromion tips cant bang into humerus)
  6. Downward Rotation
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44
Q

Name these 4 bony landmarks in the shoulder joint

A
  1. Coracoid process
  2. Suprascapular notch
  3. Greater tubercle
  4. Lesser tubercle
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45
Q

Name the 7 shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) movements

A
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46
Q

Abduction

A

Move away from midline

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47
Q

Adduction

A

Move toward midline

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48
Q

Extension

A

Movement posterior

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49
Q

Flexion

A

Movement anterior

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50
Q

Lateral Rotation

A

Pivot at head of humerus to twist and move away from midline

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51
Q

Medial Rotation

A

Pivot at head of humerus to twist and move toward midline

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52
Q

Circumduction

A

Windmill (combination of flexion and extension)

53
Q

Muscles of the scapular region can be separated into what 2 categories

A
  1. Extrinsic
  2. Intrinsic
54
Q

Extrinsic

A

Connect upper limb to vertebral column

55
Q

Intrinsic

A

Muscles of the shoulder joint

56
Q

Extrinsic muscles can be divided into what 2 categories

A
  1. Superficial
  2. Deep
57
Q

What are the 2 superficial extrinsic muscles of the scapular region

A
  1. Trapezius
  2. Latissimus Dorsi
58
Q

What are the 3 deep muscles of the scapular region

A
  1. Levator Scapulae
  2. Rhomboid Minor
  3. Rhomboid Major
59
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Trapezius

60
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Latissimus Dorsi

61
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Levator Scapulae

62
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Rhomboid Minor

63
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Rhomboid Major

64
Q

Name the 6 intrinsic muscles of the scapular region

A
65
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Deltoid

66
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Subscapularis

67
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Supraspinatus

68
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Infraspinatus

69
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Teres Minor

70
Q

Name the missing muscle

A

Teres Major

71
Q

T or F: Muscles cannot act on joints they cross

A

False, they can

72
Q

Name the 4 muscle movements/actions of the trapezius

A
73
Q

Name the 3 muscle movements/actions the latissimus dorsi does

A
74
Q

How does the latissimus dorsi cause medial rotation?

A

Goes through the axilla (armpit), which causes pivot at head of humerus

75
Q

What are the 2 muscle actions/movements of the levator scapulae

A
76
Q

How does the levator scapulae cause downward rotation?

A

By bringing the inferior angle in more medially

77
Q

What are the 2 muscle actions/movements of the rhomboid minor

A
78
Q

Name the 2 muscle movements/actions the rhomboid major does

A
79
Q

T or F: The Rhomboid minor and major have the same actions, but the rhomboid major has a larger muscle mass

A

T

80
Q

Name the 5 movements of the deltoid

A
81
Q

The anterior fibers of the deltoid cause

A

flexion

82
Q

The posterior fibers of the deltoid cause

A

extension

83
Q

T or F: The deltoid does not capsulate the entire shoulder joint so pivoting cannot occur

A

F, it does encapsulate the entire shoulder joint allowing pivoting

84
Q

The supraspinatus causes which movement

A
85
Q

The supraspinatus only…

A

initiates abduction by pulling on greater tubercle of humerus to move laterally (abduction)

86
Q

How do the supraspinatus and deltoid work together

A

The supraspinatus initiates abduction, while the deltoid takes over to cause full abduction

87
Q

What movement does the infraspinatus aid in

A
88
Q

How does the infraspinatus cause lateral rotation

A

It attaches lower on the greater tubercule of the humerus and crosses on the back of the shoulder joint

89
Q

Name the 2 movements of the teres minor

A
90
Q

What 3 muscles work together to cause lateral rotation

A
  1. Infraspinatus
  2. Teres minor
  3. Deltoid
91
Q

Name the 2 movements the teres major does

A
92
Q

How does the teres major cause adduction

A

By contracting after a muscle is stretched bringing the arm closer to the midline

93
Q

How does the teres major cause medial rotation

A

Travels on anterior of shoulder joint by crossing axilla

94
Q

Name the 2 movements/actions caused by subscapularis

A
95
Q

How does the subscapularis cause medial rotation

A

Crosses on front of shoulder joint and attaches to lesser tubercule

96
Q

What nerve innervates the trapezius

A

Accessory Nerve

97
Q

What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve

98
Q

What nerve innervates the levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

99
Q

What nerve innervates the rhomboid minor

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

100
Q

What nerve innervates the rhomboid major

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

101
Q

What nerve innervates the deltoid

A

Axillary nerve

102
Q

What nerves innervates the subscapularis

A

Inferior and Superior Subscapular Nerve

103
Q

What nerve innervates the supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular nerve

104
Q

What nerve innervates the infraspinatus

A

Suprascapular Nerve

105
Q

What nerve innervates the teres minor

A

Axillary Nerve

106
Q

What nerve innervates the teres major

A

Inferior Subscapular Nerve

107
Q

What 4 muscles make up the rotator cuff, and the nerves that innervate each one?

A

SITS
1. Subscapularis - Inferior and superior subscapular nerve
2. Infraspinatus - Suprascapular Nerve
3. Teres Minor - Axillary Nerve
4. Supraspinatus - Suprascapular nerve

108
Q

Name all bones of arm missing

A
109
Q

Name all parts of scapula missing

A
110
Q

Name all parts of shoulder girdle missing, including the 2 joints

A
111
Q

Name all 5 of the extrinsic muscles of the scapular region

A
112
Q

Name all 6 intrinsic muscles of the scapular region

A
113
Q

What 2 muscles are involved in elevation of the scapula

A
  1. Trapezius
  2. Levator Scapulae
114
Q

What muscle is involved in depression of the scapula

A

Trapezius

115
Q

What 3 muscles are involved in retraction of the scapula

A
  1. Trapezius
  2. Rhomboid Minor
  3. Rhomboid Major
116
Q

What muscle is involved in upward rotation of the scapula

A

Trapezius

117
Q

What 4 muscles are involved in adduction

A
  1. Latissimus dorsi
  2. Teres minor
  3. Teres Major
  4. Subscapularis
118
Q

What 2 muscles are involved in extension

A
  1. Latissimus Dorsi
  2. Deltoid
119
Q

What 4 muscles are involved in medial rotation

A
  1. Latissimus Dorsi
  2. Deltoid
  3. Teres Major
  4. Subscapularis
120
Q

What 3 muscles are involved in downward rotation of the scapula

A
  1. Levator Scapulae
  2. Rhomboid Minor
  3. Rhomboid Major
121
Q

What 2 muscles are involved in abduction

A
  1. Deltoid
  2. Supraspinatus (initiates)
122
Q

What muscle is involved in flexion?

A

Deltoid

123
Q

What 3 muscles are involved in lateral rotation?

A
  1. Deltoid
  2. Infraspinatus
  3. Teres Minor
124
Q

What muscle is innervated by the accessory nerve

A

Trapezius

125
Q

What 3 muscles are innervated by the dorsal scapular nerves

A
  1. Levator Scapula
  2. Rhomboid Major
  3. Rhomboid Minor
126
Q

What 2 muscles are innervated by the axillary nerve

A
  1. Deltoid
  2. Teres Minor
127
Q

What 2 muscles are innervated by the suprascapular nerve?

A
  1. Supraspinatus
  2. Infraspinatus
128
Q

What muscles are innervated by the inferior scapular nerve

A
  1. Teres major
  2. Subscapularis
129
Q

What muscle is innervated by both the inferior and superior subscapular nerve

A

Subscapularis

ACB9501 (10 decks)

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