Lecture 10: Gluteal Region Flashcards
What 3 bones make up the Os Coxae?
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
What is the only nerve that exits the lesser sciatic foramen?
Obturator internus
What are the 2 nerves that enter the lesser sciatic foramen?
Pudendal and obturator internus/superior gemellus nerve
What artery enters the lesser sciatic foramen?
Internal pudendal nerve
What does the sciatic nerve innervate in the gluteal region?
Nothing! It just passes through here
What 2 classes of nerves innervate the gluteal region?
Cluneal and deep nerves
What cluneal nerves innervate the gluteal region?
Superior, middle and inferior
What deep nerves innervate the gluteal region?
Sacral plexus branches
How do sacral plexus nerve branches leave the pelvis?
Through the greater sciatic foramen
What rami supply the superior gluteal region?
L1-L3 dorsal rami
What rami supply the middle gluteal region?
S1-S3 dorsal rami
What rami supply the inferior gluteal region?
S1-S3 ventral rami -> gluteal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
What spinal nerves make up the superior gluteal nerve?
L4-S1
What spinal nerves make up the inferior gluteal nerve?
L5-S2
What spinal nerves make up the nerve to piriformis?
S1-S2
What spinal nerves make up the quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus?
L4-S1
What spinal nerves make up the obturator internus and superior gemellus?
L5-S2
What spinal nerves make up the pudendal nerve?
S2-S4
What nerve is just superior to the piriformis muscle?
Superior gluteal nerve
What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fasciae latae
What 2 nerves are found just inferior to the piriformis?
Inferior gluteal nerve and the sciatic nerve
What muscles does the inferior gluteal nerve supply?
Gluteus Maximus
What is the largest nerve in the body?
Sciatic nerve
Posterior hip dislocation can cause damage to what nerve?
Sciatic nerve
Posterior hip dislocations can cause damage to the sciatic nerve, resulting in what clinical manifestations?
Paralysis of hamstrings and muscles distal to the knee. Sensory change may occur in skin over the posterolateral aspects of leg and most of foot
In a person with a fractured hip, which direction would you expect to see their foot rotated?
Laterally
In a person with a hip dislocation, which direction would you expect to see their foot rotated?
Medially
- Anterior dislocations may be more lateral, however posterior dislocations are much more common
What nerve in the lower limb supplies more skin than any other cutaneous nerve?
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
What nerve innervates the quadratus femoris?
The nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus nerve
What are the most lateral nerves in the gluteal region?
Obturator internus/superior gemellus
The obturator internus/superior gemellus nerve leaves the pelvis via ___________ foramen and renters the pelvis via _____________ foramen
Greater sciatic; lesser sciatic
What nerve is supplied by the anterior divisions of S2-S4 ventral rami?
Pudendal nerve
What is the most medial structure exiting the greater sciatic foramen?
Pudendal nerve
The pudendal nerve exits through the greater sciatic foramen and renters the pelvis via _____________ foramen to supply what structures?
Lesser sciatic; perineal structures
What arteries of the gluteal region are branches arising from the internal iliac artery?
Superior gluteal a
Inferior gluteal a
Internal pudendal a
What is the largest internal iliac artery branch?
Superior gluteal artery