Lecture 10 Natural Selection

Question 1

Pre-conditions to natural selection

Answer 1

1) individuals have to reproduce
2) Variation among individuals in traits
3) Some variation is heritable
4) Differential success variation in traits is linked to succuss

Question 2

Phylogenetic trees

Answer 2

A graphical depiction of the history of relationship among a group of organisms

Question 3

Homologues traits

Answer 3

Trait that is similar in different organisms because it was inherited by a common ancestors

Question 4

Analogues traits

Answer 4

These common traits are independent of common ancestor and developed because of similar pressures.
Ex: Most organisms in the ocean have a streamline body and similar shape despite being different species.

Question 5

Predicting evolutionary: The breeder’s equation

Answer 5

R= h^2 S
R: Evolutionary response = median trait of offspring- median trait of parent
h^2: heribility (leave h^2 alone and solve for that only
S: selection differential = Trait mean(selected) - trait whole

Question 6

Graphing when related to breeder’s equation:

Answer 6

slope = heritability (h^2)
can range from 0-1