Lecture 12: Insects on PEI and elsewhere NOT ON FINAL

Question 1

Insects

Answer 1

Extremely successful
The largest class of animals in the world
there are more animals in the insect class than in any other phylum in the world
They’re found everywhere

Question 2

Arthropoda

Answer 2

Jointed appendages
segmented body divided into tagmata
small coelom that functions as a hemocoel
Complete organ systems

Question 3

Circulatory system

Answer 3

Open, Coelom functions mostly as hemocoel

Question 4

Insect Integument

Answer 4

They are good at conserving water, Cuticle

Question 5

Moulting

Answer 5

1) Fully developed cuticle
2) Apolysis with subcuticular space is filled with inactive moulting fluid
3) Cuticulin synthesis and activation of moulting fluid
4) Digestion of old cuticle enroute to ecdysis

Question 6

Gas exchange

Answer 6

Spiracles and tracheae are used for gas exchange ( gases would have trouble diffusing through the cuticle

Question 7

Malpighian tubules

Answer 7

For excretion, Connect the intestine where the midget meets the hind gut,
remove nitrogenous waste and generate urine
-allow for consevation of water
-Urine carried to the intestine which reabsorbs water abd expels waste

Question 8

3 Tagmata

Answer 8

Head, thorax and abdomen

Question 9

3 sections of thorax

Answer 9

Prothorax, mesothorax, metathorax

Question 10

Protocerebrum

Answer 10

eyes

Question 11

deuterocerebrum

Answer 11

Antennae

Question 12

tricerebrum

Answer 12

small

Question 13

subesophagea ganglion

Answer 13

mouth and face

Question 14

Centralization of the nervous system

Answer 14

Ventral nerve cord
segmented ganglia

Question 15

Class collembolan
class protura
class diplura

Answer 15

mouthparts entognathous
wings never evolved (apterous)
ametabolous
Malpighian tubules and compound eyes reduced

Question 16

Class Insecta

Answer 16

Apterous and winges
ametabolous, hemimetabolous and metabolous
mouthparts ectognathous

Question 17

apterous insects

Answer 17

Lack a support structure for wings
three long caudal filaments
exposed mouthparts, missing upper lip of labrum
feed on living and decaying organic matter but prefer starchy material

Question 18

Winged insects

Answer 18

ectognathous mouthparts s

Question 19

Prognathous

Answer 19

Predators

Question 20

Hypognathous

Answer 20

Plant eaters

Question 21

Opisthognathous

Answer 21

Piercing/sucking

Question 22

Dermaptera

Answer 22

Earwig, leathery forewin, omnivorous, Nocturnal and thigmotactic

Question 23

Thigmotactic

Answer 23

Likes to be touched

Question 24

Earwig to pei

Answer 24

brought to north america in 1907, peiin 1990s, killed the dahlias

Question 25

Coleoptera

Answer 25

Leaf beetle that eats the leaves, stem, buds and flowers of the family Liliaceae

Question 26

Coleoptera to PEI

Answer 26

Montral in 1945
Nova Scotia 1992
New Brunswick 2002

Question 27

Coleoptera control

Answer 27

Hand picking
larvae cover themselves in poop (Frass)
their chemicals are poisonous to bees

Question 28

Parasitoid

Answer 28

Ovideposit egg in host , egg hatches and larvae leaves dead host , pupa is formed, adult comes out again

Question 29

Japanese beetle

Answer 29

Life cycle is mostly underground

Question 30

Japanese beetle control

Answer 30

Nematodes can seek them out and kill them in all lifecycles, should be applied in the fall so that they’ll get them young

Question 31

Tsuga canadensis

Answer 31

hemlock wooly adelgid, west coast from Japan in 1920s, Kills all the hemlock trees by feeding on nutrient and water storage cells

Question 32

HWA control

Answer 32

Laricobius nigrinus beetle and Leucopis silver flies

Question 33

Wire worm

Answer 33

Attracted by CO2 of plants in field, there is one pesticide to knock them back