Lecture 14 - Ch 13 & 14 - Metabolic Pathways

Question 1

the conversion of light energy to chemical energy

Answer 1

photosynthesis

Question 2

carry out photosynthesis

Answer 2

phototrophs

Question 3

Photosynthesis requires light-sensitive pigments called

Answer 3

chlorophylls

Question 4

Photoautotrophy requires _____ production and _____ reduction

Answer 4

ATP & CO2

Question 5

Oxidation of H2O produces O2

Answer 5

oxigenic phtotsynthesis

Question 6

oxygen not produced

Answer 6

anoxygenic photosynthesis

Question 7

participate directly in the conversion of light energy to ATP

Answer 7

reaction centers

Question 8

funnel light energy to reaction centers

Answer 8

antenna pigments

Question 9

accessory pigments that absorb energy to be transferred to the reaction center (found in phototrophic organisms)

Answer 9

carotenoids

Question 10

organisms that obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds

Answer 10

chemolithotrophs

Question 11

chemolithotrophs that require organic carbon as a carbon source

Answer 11

mixotrophs

Question 12

is Hydrogen Oxidation aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 12

anaerobic

Question 13

process where ferrous iron oxidizes to ferric iron

Answer 13

iron oxidation

Question 14

Two groups of bacteria work in concert to fully oxidize ammonia to nitrate

Answer 14

nitrification

Question 15

steps to nitrification of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria

Answer 15

ammonia –> NH2OH

Question 16

steps to nitrification of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria

Answer 16

nitrite (NO2) –> nitrate (NO3)

Question 17

Fixes CO2 into cellular material for autotrophic growth

Answer 17

calvin cycle

Question 18

in the calvin cycle, ___ molecules of CO2 are required to make 1 molecule of glucose

Answer 18

6

Question 19

coordinates regulation of genes essential to nitrogen fixation

Answer 19

nif regulon

Question 20

______ and ______ are the two main regulatory effectors of nitrogen fixation

Answer 20

Oxygen & ammonia

Question 21

what are the Two mechanisms for catabolism of organic compounds

Answer 21

respiration and fermentation

Question 22

Exogenous electron acceptors are present to accept electrons generated from the oxidation of electron donors

Answer 22

respiration

Question 23

Electron donor and acceptor are the same compound

Answer 23

fermentation

Question 24

A process whereby two or more microbes cooperate to degrade a substance neither can degrade alone

Answer 24

syntrophy

Question 25

H2 production by one partner is linked to H2 consumption by the other

Answer 25

interspecies hydrogen transfer

Question 26

what are the most common electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration

Answer 26

inorganic nitrogen compounds

Question 27

the process of nitrate reduction

Answer 27

denitrification

Question 28

what is the state of the product of denitrification?

Answer 28

gas

Question 29

_____ and ______________ are common substrates for chemoorganotrophs

Answer 29

Sugars & polysaccharides

Question 30

Fatty acids are oxidized by _______

Answer 30

beta-oxidation

Question 31

Oxidation of ammonia to nitrate

Answer 31

Nitrification

Question 32

Nitrogen fixation is catalyzed by ______

Answer 32

nitrogenase