Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COM: MSK (Midterm) COPY > Lecture 14: Post. Leg > Flashcards

Lecture 14: Post. Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What artery supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Posterior tibial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The __________________________ is a thickening in the fascia that stretches between the adductor magnus and vastus medialis muscles and makes the roof of the adductor canal

A

Anteromedial intermuscular septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True hamstrings arise from what structure on the femur?

A

Ischial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the largest foot bone?

A

Calcaneus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the name of the structure that is a shelf-like projection that supports the talus and provides a groove for flexor hallucis longus?

A

Sustentaculum tali

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the calcaneus bone articulate with superiorly and anteriorly?

A 
Superiorly = talus 
Anteriorly = cuboid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the navicular bone articulate with?

A 
Posteriorly = talus head 
Anteriorly = 3 cuneiforms
Laterally = cuboid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What muscle attaches on the navicular tuberosity?

A

Tibialis posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the thickest fascia that we have?

A

Crural fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What compartments of the leg are surrounded by crural fascia and what is its function?

A

Anterior, lateral, posterior

  • It’s so thick that rather than expanding when the muscles contract, it squeezes around the vessels helping to push blood back up the leg that wants to pool at our feet since we are bipedal -> acts as a venous pump
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Extension at the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the common innervation to muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Flexion at knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the common innervation to the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Sciatic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of muscles in I the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Adduction at the hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the common innervation of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Obturator nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What septa divides the posterior compartment of the leg into superficial and deep?

A

Transverse septa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What muscles belong to the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What muscles make up the deep posterior group in the leg?

A

Popliteus
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What vessels suppply the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Posterior tibial vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What head of the gastrocnemius is slightly larger?

A

The medial head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the function of the gastrocnemius?

A

Plantarflexion

Flexes leg at knee joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a fabella?

A

A sesamoid bone that may be proximal to the lateral head of the gastrocnemius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the function and clinical significance of the fabella?

A

Possibly provide leverage for lateral head of gastrocnemius

  • Painful fabella stress fracture may accompany total knee replacement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the function of the soleus?

A

Plantarflexion

Doesnt cross the knee joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the function of the plantaris?

A

Weak plantarflexion and leg flexion

27
Q

What muscle in the lower extremity below the knee accounts for proprioception?

A

Plantaris

28
Q

What long tendon is usually harvested in reconstructive surgery of hand tendons?

A

Long tendon of plantaris

29
Q

What are the effects of removal of the plantaris tendon?

A

Nothing -> Its removal doesnt affect knee or ankle movements

30
Q

Is the plantaris muscle at risk of injury?

A

Yes; there is a possibility of rupturing the tendon during violent ankle movements (ex. Sudden dorsiflexion of ankle joint)

  • Common injury in basketball players, sprinters and ballet dancers
  • Pain may be so severe that the person is unable to bare weight
31
Q

If the muscle name says _________ then it ends in the tarsus and doesnt go to any toes

A

Tibialis

32
Q

What muscle separates the LCL from the joint capsule?

A

Popliteus

33
Q

What is the most important function of the popliteus muscle?

A

Unlocks extended leg by laterally rotating the femur on the stationary tibia

34
Q

Locking of the knee (extension) is a ____________ rotation of the knee

A

Medial -> the femur rotates medially

  • Popliteus muscle pulls down on the femur to laterally rotate it and unlock it
35
Q

The main function of the popliteus muscle is to unlock the extended leg by laterally rotating the femur, but what can it also do?

A

Weakly flex leg

36
Q

What is the largest deep posterior muscle of the leg?

A

Flexor hallucis longus

37
Q

What muscle lies directly deep to soleus?

A

Flexor hallucis longus

38
Q

The tendon of what muscle in the leg crosses deep to flexor digitorum on a shallow groove of the sustentaculum tali and gives a tendinous slip to the flexor digitiorum longus tendon?

A

Flexor hallucis longus tendon

39
Q

What are the functions of the flexor hallucis longus muscle?

A

Flexes great toe

Plantarflexion

40
Q

The tendon of what leg muscle passes diagonally in the sole of the foot superficial to the flexor hallucis longus tendon?

A

Flexor digitorum longus

  • Near middle of sole, divides into four tendons that pass to lateral 4 digits
41
Q

What are the functions of the flexor digitorum longus muscle?

A

Flexes lateral 4 digits

Plantarflexion

42
Q

What is the deepest posterior crural muscle (deep posterior leg)?

A

Tibialis posterior

  • On same plane as leg bones
43
Q

What leg muscle lies between flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus?

A

Tibialis posterior

44
Q

What are the functions of the tibialis posterior muscle?

A

Inversion (it doesnt go to the toes so when it pulls up it pulls up the inside of the foot)
Plantarflexion

45
Q

The navicular tuberosity is the insertion site of which muscle?

A

Tibialis posterior

46
Q

What are the 2most important tendons to maintain the arches of the foot, maintaining a springing energy storing platform for you to walk on?

A

Tibialis posterior

Flexor hallucis longus

47
Q

The _________ nerve innervates the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus then runs down and supplies the whole posterior compartment of the leg.

A

Tibial

  • Ultimately if you run all the way back up to the hip, the sciatic nerve is supplying every single compartment of the leg
48
Q

The tibial nerve leaves the posterior compartment of the leg by passing deep to flexor retinaculum between medial malleolus and calcaneus and ends by dividing into what 2 nerves?

A

Medial and lateral plantar nerves

49
Q

What does the posterior tibial artery give rise to?

A

The fibular artery

50
Q

What artery passes inferomedially on posterior surface of tibialis posterior muscle with the tibial nerve?

A

Posterior tibial artery

51
Q

The posterior tibial artery vascularizes the posterior compartment of the leg and ends by dividing into what 2 arteries?

A

Medial and lateral plantar arteries

52
Q

What is the largest branch of the posterior tibial artery?

A

Fibular artery

53
Q

What is the primary blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibular artery

  • In the posterior compartment and vascularizes the posterior and lateral compartments
54
Q

How does the Fibular artery end?

A

By piercing interosseous membrane and anastomosing with anterior lateral malleolus artery

55
Q

If a person came in complaining of tingling, numbness or cramping of the leg, what would be the first thing you would want to check?

A

Blood supply to the leg

56
Q

The posterior tibial pulse is palpated deep to what?

A

Flexor retinaculum

57
Q

How should the pt be positioned to palpate their pedal pulse (posterior tibial artery)?

A

Important to have pt relax the retinaculum by inverting foot -> if the flexor retinaculum is taut you dont get a good feel of the pulse because all the tissues over the artery are tensed up

58
Q

When feeling for a pedal pulse, what artery are you feeling for?

A

Posterior tibial artery

59
Q

What is used to examine pts with occlusive peripheral arterial disease (intermittent claudication)?

A

Posterior tibial pulse

60
Q

What is occlusive peripheral arterial disease (intermittent claudication) caused by and what symptoms do these pts experience?

A

Caused by ischemia of leg muscles due to narrowing or occlusion of leg arteries; characterized by leg cramps and pain during walking

61
Q

When do symptoms of occlusive peripheral arterial disease (intermittent claudication) disappear?

A

After rest

62
Q

A pt was admitted to the ED and surgeons found that a bullet had severed the tibial nerve. Such an injury would most likely result in which of the following?
A) Inability to extend the leg at the knee
B) Foot drop
C) A dorsiflexed and everted foot
D) A plantarflexed and inverted foot
E) Total inability to flex the leg at the knee joint

A

C) A dorsiflexed and everted foot

63
Q

What is the most common nerve supply to the fibularis tertius muscle?

A

Deep fibular nerve

64
Q

A pt is treated at the ED after he fell from his bicycle. Radiologic examination reveals fractures both of the tibia and the fibula. On PE the pt has a foot drop, but normal eversion. Which nerve is most likely injured?

A

Deep fibular

COM: MSK (Midterm) COPY (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions