lecture 14 - SEP causes of causes Flashcards
what is socioeconomic position
The social and economic factors that influence what positions individuals or groups hold within the structure of a society
determinants of sep must be
objective, measurable, meaningful
measuring SEP for individuals
aeioh
income
housing
occupation
assets and wealth
education
measuring sep for populations
Area measures:
deprivation, access
Population measures:
income inequality
gross domestic product per capita
literacy rates
why measure SEP
QUAC
Quantify: are used to quantify the level of inequalities within or between societies
Understand: needed to understand the relationship between health and other social variables (age sex, ethnicity)
Associate: have been associated with health and life chances for as long as social groups have existed
Changes: may highlight changes to population structures over time between census periods or generations
preston curve
usually compares countries
x-axis - Gross domestic product per capita or household income
y axis - life expectancy or age
deprivation definition
“the state of observable and demonstrable disadvantage relative to the local community or wider society or nation to which individuals, groups or families belongs”
3 features of measuring area level deprivation
-focuses on material deprivation - what ppl dont have
-deprivation should be applied to conditions and qualities of life that are of a lower standard than ordinary in a particular society
-another way of measure ppls relative position in society but reports this based on area they live in, not individuals themselves
living in poverty definiton
refers to the lack of income and resources to obtain a normative standard of living
social and community networks on dahlgren whitehead model
your parents: education, income, occupation
-some evidence shows your parents SEP is associated with your own SEP
-commonly used to measure SEP in studies of children/adolescent
living and working conditions
area based measures:
-index of deprivation (NZDep) most common in NZ
-index of multiple deprivation (IMD) allows to explore the drivers of deprivation, allows to compare neighbourhoods to compare which are more/less likely to be deprived
living and working conditions
geographic and other measures
geographic classification of health (GCH):
classifies neighbourhoods on a scale of:
urban 1 –> urban 2 based on population size
rural 1 –> rural 3 based on drive time to closest major, large, medium, and small urban areas
social fragmentation, accesability
difference between SEP and deprivation
SEP is individual level - your status, your background, your parents background
deprivation is the area/neighbourhood you live in
individual lifestyle behaviours
you and your decisions influence your opportunities:
education –> knowledge
occupation –> status, power
income –> material deprivation
education –> income, occupation, assets and wealth, HEALTH
