Lecture 15

Question 1

What cartilages/ligaments are part of the hip/femur articulation?

Answer 1

cartilages: labrum & lunate

transverse ligament

Question 2

What are the movements of the hip joint?

Answer 2

Flex/Extend/Hyperextend
Abduct/Adduct
Medial/Lateral Rotation

Question 3

What motion(s) does the iliofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 3

hyperextension of hip

Question 4

What motion(s) does the pubofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 4

abduction of hip

lateral/external rotation of hip

Question 5

What motion(s) does the ischiofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 5

medial/internal rotation of hip

Question 6

Which ligament combined with the hip joint capsule makes the windless mechanism?

Answer 6

iliofemoral ligament

Question 7

Describe what is meant by windless mechanism. What does this mean for the hip?

Answer 7

twisting one end draws the other end out.

This mechanism limits hyperextension of hip by pulling head of femur into the acetabulum which increases stability.

Question 8

What portions of the joint capsule are thickened to form the iliofemoral ligament?

Answer 8

anterior and superior

Question 9

What portions of the joint capsule are thickened to form the pubofemoral ligament?

Answer 9

anterior and inferior

Question 10

What portions of the joint capsule are thickened to form the ischiofemoral ligament?

Answer 10

posterior

Question 11

Name 2 other connective points at the hip and femur.

Answer 11

ligament of head of femur - vascular sheath for artery to head of femur

obturator internus bursa - located between obturator internus tendon and lesser sciatic notch of ischium

Question 12

Name the proximal and distal attachments of the iliofemoral ligament.

Answer 12

proximal: anterior inferior iliac spine (ASIS)
distal: intertrochanteric line of femur

Question 13

Name the three compartments of the legs and the main muscle type in each compartment.

Answer 13

Anterior = quads 
Medial = adductors 
Posterior = hamstrings

Question 14

What is the quads force chain?

Answer 14

quadriceps muscles –> quadriceps tendon –> patella –> tibia/tibial tuberosity

Question 15

List the composite leg muscles (3)

Answer 15

Pectineus, adductor magnus, biceps femoris

Question 16

List the anterior thigh muscles. Which one could be included in the medial group? (7)

Answer 16

• Pectineus (can also be included in the medial group)
• Iliopsoas (Iliacus and Psoas Major)
• Sartorius
• Quadriceps femoris (Vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedialis)

Question 17

List the medial thigh muscles (5)

Answer 17

• Adductor longus
• Adductor brevis
• Adductor magnus
• Gracilis
• Obturator Externus

Question 18

What is the angle of inclination?

Answer 18

between neck and shaft of femur.
results in the distal femur moving medially which efficiently supports body weight while standing. (Puts knees closer to the center of gravity)

Question 19

What is the angle of torsion?

Answer 19

between transverse axis of femoral head/neck and femoral condyles. It results in enhanced mobility of hip and knee joints. (It gets toes pointed properly)

Question 20

Where does the center of gravity pass in relation to the hip joint?

Answer 20

Posterior to the hip joint

Question 21

Which ligament is considered the strongest ligament in the human body?

Answer 21

iliofemoral ligament because it opposes the pull of gravity on the hip to hyperextend