Lecture 2 - Pre and post-operative management Flashcards
Define ectomy and give examples
Removal of
colectomy, mastectomy
Define otomy and give examples
Opening of
laparotomy, thoracotomy
Define scopy/scopic and give examples
Looking into
colonoscopy
Define ostomy and give examples
Bringing to the skin surface
ileostomy, colostomy, nephrostomy
Define surgical site infection
infection of surgical wound or involving the body cavity, bones, meninges , or other tissues involved in the operation
Name the types of SSIs
Superficial, deep incisional, organ, space
Define surgical antibiotic prophylaxis
The use of antibiotics before, during, or after a diagnosis, therapeutic or surgical procedure to prevent infectious complications
Depends on the procedure which antibiotic we choose to give
What dose of antibiotics is given for clean-contaminated?
1 dose prophylaxis
What dose of antibiotics is given for contaminated?
5-7 days
Explain the methods of prophylaxis non-pharmacological
anti-embolism stockings (AES), intermittent pneumatic compression devices (IPC), foot impulse devices
Explain the methods of prophylaxis pharmacological
LMWH, Unfractionated heparin, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, apixaban, fondaparinux
How long should you put patients on VTE prophylaxis for?
A minimum of 7 days for most patients but extended prophylaxis is required for some procedures
What is the risks associated with epidurals?
Risk of epidural haematoma when insert or remove epidural catheter in an anticoagulated patient
Motor nerve block
Infection (abscess)
Dural puncture
Define patient controlled analgesia (PCA)
Controlled by patient, reduced waiting time for analgesia
If PONV is poorly managed what can it increase?
Length of stay
Cause dehydration and electrolyte disturbance
Disrupt wounds
Reduce medicines absorption
