Lecture 4 - Gastrointestinal Disorders 1 Flashcards
The myenteric plexus and submucosal plexus are part of which system.
The enteric nervous system
What are the layers of the GIT?
- Mucosa
- Submucosa
- Muscularis externa
- Serosa
What does the mucosa layer in the GIT comprise of?
- epithelium
- lamina propria
- Muscularis mucosae
What does the submucosa layer of the GIT comprise of?
- connective tissue
- blood supply
- submucosal plexus
In the GIT what does the muscularis externa comprise of?
- Inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle
- myenteric plexus
In the GIT what does serosa comprise of?
- Connective tissue
What is gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
The most common upper gastrointestinal disease in adults. GORD is diagnosed if reflux occurs 2 or more days per week.
What complications can result from GORD?
- erosive reflux oesophagitis
- pre malignant change to mucosa (Barrets oesophagus)
- oesophageal cancer
What are some causes of GORD?
- Hiatal hernia
- obesity
- pregnancy
- can be exacerbated by alcohol and tobacco
How does reflux occur?
Food and gastric juices renter the oesophagus
How does the mucosa of the oesophagus become damaged from reflux?
- The oesophagus just not have adequate mucous protection from acid
- gastric juices, pepsin and gastric acid
- bile and pancreatic enzymes from the duodenum
What are the clinical features of GORD’s?
- regurgitation
- heartburn
- pain, nausea, bloating & belching
- dysphagia
- hematemesis
What drugs help to reduce the production of gastric acid?
- histamine blockers
- proton pump inhibitors
What is a peptic ulcer?
Chronic ulceration due to damage of the mucosal lining and exposure of underlying tissue
Where can peptic ulcers be found?
Stomach, duodenum and lower oesophagus
