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COM: MSK (Midterm) COPY > Lecture 5: Anterior & Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Lecture 5: Anterior & Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What spinal nerves supply the obturator nerve?

A

L2-L4

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2
Q

What spinal nerves supply the tibial nerve?

A

L4-S3

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3
Q

What spinal nerves supply the common fibular nerve?

A

L4-S2

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4
Q

Testing the patellar tendon reflex tests the function of the ____________ nerve and spinal cord segments _____________. The absence or decrease of this reflex is known as _____________ sign

A

Femoral; L2-L4; Westphal’s

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5
Q

The calcaneus tendon reflex tests which nerve roots?

A

S1 and S2

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6
Q

The calcaneal tendon reflex tests the S11 and S2 nerve roots. What happens if the nerve root is cut or compressed?

A

The ankle reflex is virtually absent

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7
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the anterior thigh?

A

Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris

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8
Q

What muscle is the chief flexor of the thigh?

A

Iliopsoas muscle

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9
Q

What is the origin of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

Lateral portion of centra/bodies of T12-L5

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10
Q

What is the insertion for iliopsoas muscle?

A

Lesser trochanter

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11
Q

What innervates the iliacus muscle?

A

Femoral nerve

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12
Q

What innervates the psoas major muscle?

A

L1-L3 ventral rami

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13
Q

What innervates the psoas minor muscle?

A

L1-L2 ventral rami

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14
Q

What is the longest muscle in the body?

A

Sartorius

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15
Q

What is the origin of the sartorius?

A

ASIS

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16
Q

Where is the insertion for the sartorius?

A

Pes Anserinus

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17
Q

What innervates the sartorius?

A

Femoral nerve

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18
Q

What are the functions of the sartorius muscle?

A
  • Flex, abduct, laterally rotate thigh

- Flex leg

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19
Q

What 3 tendons make up the pes anserinus?

A

Sartorius tendon
Gracilis tendon
Semitendinosus tendon

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20
Q

What innervates the quadriceps femoris?

A

Femoral nerve

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21
Q

What is the origin of the rectus femoris?

A

AIIS

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22
Q

What is the origin of the vasti that make up the quadriceps femoris?

A

Shaft of femur

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23
Q

What is the point of insertion for all muscles of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Tibial tuberosity

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24
Q

What are the functions of the vasti in the quadriceps femoris?

A

Extend the leg

25
Q

What are the functions of the rectus femoris?

A

Extends leg and flexes thigh

26
Q

During activities that involve a lot of running, jumping and bending - such as soccer, basketball, volleyball and ballet - a child’s thigh muscles (quadriceps) pull on the tendon that connects the kneecap to the shinbone. This repeated stress can cause the tendon to pull away from the shinbone a bit, resulting in the pain and swelling associated with what disease?

A

Osgood-Schlatter disease

  • In some cases, a child’s body may try to close that gap with new bone growth which can result in a bony lump at that spot
27
Q

What muscles are the chief extensors of the leg?

A

Quadriceps femoris

28
Q

What are the superficial medial muscles of the thigh (adductors)?

A

Pectineus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis

29
Q

What are the deep medial thigh muscles?

A 
Obturator external 
Adductor Magnus (adductor and hamstring portions)
30
Q

What is the origin of the pectineus muscle?

A

Pecten line of pubis

31
Q

What is the insertion of the pectineus muscle?

A

Pectineal line (just inferior to the lesser trochanter)

32
Q

What innervates the pectineus muscle?

A

Femoral nerve (occasionally a branch from the obturator nerve)

33
Q

What are the functions of the pectineus muscle?

A

Adductor and flex thigh

34
Q

What innervates the adductor longus muscle?

A

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

35
Q

What are the functions oof the adductor longus muscle?

A

Adductor and flexes thigh

36
Q

What muscle is the only adductor to cross the knee joint?

A

Gracilis muscle

  • Long strap-like muscle
37
Q

What are the functions of the gracilis muscle?

A
  • Adduct thigh

- Flex and medially rotate leg

38
Q

What innervates the adductor brevis muscle?

A

Obturator nerve

39
Q

What are the functions of the adductor brevis muscle?

A

Adductor and flexes thigh

40
Q

The superior part of the adductor Magnus lies deep to which muscle?

A

Adductor brevis

41
Q

What is the origin for the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

Ischial tuberosity

42
Q

What is the origin of the adductor portion of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

Ischiopubic ramus

43
Q

What is the function of the adductor part of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

Adductor and flexes thigh

44
Q

What innervates the adductor portion of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

Obturator nerve

45
Q

What innervates the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

46
Q

What is the distal attachment of the hamstring part of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

Adductor tubercle (medial epicondyle)

47
Q

What is the distal attachment of the adductor part of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera and medial suprachondyler line

48
Q

What is the main function of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Adduction

49
Q

What is the main function of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Extension

50
Q

What innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

51
Q

What innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Sciatic nerve

52
Q

What is Hilton’s law?

A

A joint is innervated by the very same nerves that supply the muscles that move the joint and supply the skin over the joint

53
Q

A 34 yo woman has a direct blow to the patella by the dashboard of the vehicle during an automobile crash. The woman is admitted to the ED and radiologic examination reveals patellofemoral syndrome. This type of syndrome is characterized by lateral dislocation of the patella. Which muscle requires strengthening by physical rehabilitation to prevent future dislocation of the patella?

A

Vastus medialis

  • This muscle attaches on the medial side of that tendon, so strengthening of this muscle will pull the lateral dislocation medially correcting the problem
54
Q 
A 43 yo man visits the outpatient clinic with a painful, swollen knee joint. The pt's history reveals chronic gonococcal arthritis. A knee aspiration is ordered for bacterial culture of the synovial fluid. A standard suprapatellar approach is used, and the needle passes from the lateral aspect of the thigh into the region immediately proximal to and deep to the patella. Through which of the following muscles would the needle pass?
A) Adductor magnus
B) Short head of biceps femoris 
C) Sartorius 
D) Rectus femoris 
E) Vastus lateralis
A

E) Vastus lateralis

55
Q

What artery supplies the head of the femur ini early childhood but no longer in adult patients?

A

A branch of the obturator artery

56
Q

A pt slipped and fell in the tub and complains of a deep, gnawing pain in her hip. X-ray shows a femoral fracture. Which part of her femur was likely fractured?

A

Femoral neck

57
Q

A pt presents to your clinic complaining of a bulge near her right groin area. On PE you note a bluish tinge and on auscultation you note a venous hum. Further inspection is positive for varicose veins. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Saphenous varix

58
Q

A positive trendelenburg’s sign is indicative of deficiency in what muscles?

A

Gluteus medius and minimus

59
Q 
A 3yo pt reports to your clinic with stunted growth, large trunk, frontal bossing, and limited flexion of the elbows and hips. Which of the following conditiions is consistend with these symptoms?
A) Osteoporosis
B) Achondroplasia
C) Rickets
D) Osteomalacia
A

B) Achondroplasia

COM: MSK (Midterm) COPY (23 decks)

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