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Sociology 2222 > Lecture 6- Classifying Drugs > Flashcards

Lecture 6- Classifying Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Psychopharmacology

A

The study of the effects of psychoactive drugs on the human mind and body.

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2
Q

Psychopharmacological classifications of psychoactive drugs

7

A

Opioids,
Depressants,
Stimulants,
Hallucinogens,
Cannabis,
Psychotherapeutic agents, and Performance-enhancing drugs.

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3
Q

Opioids

A

Codeine, fentanyl, methadone, synthetic analgesics.

Slows down the CNS with analgesic and calming effects + euphoria.

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4
Q

Depressants

A

Alcohol, barbiturates, GHB, inhalants/solvents, benzodiazepines.

Slows down the CNS + euphoria

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5
Q

Stimulants

A

Amphetamines, bath salts, khat, nicotine

Speeds up the activity in the CNS + euphoria

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6
Q

Hallucinogens

A

MDMA, ketamine, PCP.

Produces sensory distortion and cross-sensory stimulation producing a disconnect between the physical world and the users perception of it

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7
Q

Cannabis

A

Cannabis, hashish, hash.

Can have a slight CNS depressant effect and sensory distortion + mild euphoria.

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8
Q

Psychotherapeutic agents

A

Antidepressants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers.

Levels moods or reduces extremes of emotional states, toward homeostasis.

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9
Q

Performance-enhancing drugs

A

Proteins, steroids, and other hormonal agents

Enhances physical performance, no psychoactive effects on the CNS.

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10
Q

Narcotic

A

Originally intended to refer to only opioids.

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11
Q

“Narcotic” misuse

A

Sometimes confused as any physical dependency producing substance.

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12
Q

Natural opioids

A

Derived directly from the poppy plant with no mixture of other substances. Most common are opium, morphine and codeine.

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13
Q

Semi-synthetic opioids

A

Combine naturally occurring opioids with other chemical substances. Most common are heroin and oxycodone.

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14
Q

Opiates

A

Only natural opioids

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15
Q

Opioids

A

Natural, semi-synthetic, and synthetic forms.

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16
Q

Synthetic opioids

A

No origin in the poppy plant but similar chemical structure and effects as semi-synthetic and natural opioids. Most common are buprenorphine, methadone and fentanyl.

17
Q

What are most opioids classified as

A

Schedule I, but two synthetic opioids, butorphanol and nalburphine.

18
Q

Narkotikos

A

Greek for “to be numb”

19
Q

What distinguishes opioids from other drugs

A
  1. Their ability to produce physical and psychological dependency
  2. The analgesic effect
  3. The intense euphoria that the majority of opioids produce
20
Q

Percodan

A

Oxycodone and aspirin.

21
Q

Percocet

A

Oxycodone and acetaminophen.

22
Q

Summary conviction

A

No criminal record.

23
Q

Indictment

A

Criminal record.

24
Q

Alchohol + depressants/opioids

A

Risk of shutting down the respiratory system

25
Q

Alcohol + stimulants

A

Confuse the CNA and can lead to physical complications

26
Q

Alcohol + cocaine

A

More toxic than either drug alone

27
Q

Alcohol + energy drinks/MDMA

A

More toxic than either drug alone

28
Q

Most severe withdrawal effects

A

Barbiturates

29
Q

Polysubstance use

A
30
Q

Organic inhalants

A

Substances that are legally available but not intended for human consumption

31
Q

Anaesthetic inhalants

A

Legally approved for use in the medical community like nitrous oxide or chloroform

32
Q

What schedule are depressants?

A

Schedules III and IV, only a few under III and GHB and rohypnol under schedule I

33
Q

Major stimulants

A

Usually illegal substances including cocaine and various forms of amphetamines including Adderall and Ritalin.

34
Q

Minor stimulants

A

Usually legal like caffeine and nicotine

35
Q

Differences between crack and powder cocaine

A

The way that they are ingested, chemically the same.

36
Q

Nicotine while pregnant

A

Smaller babies, greater number of sudden infant death syndrome and stillbirths.

37
Q

When was cannabis banned in Canada?

A

1923

38
Q

What do psychotherapeutic agents do?

A

Balance the CNS functioning

39
Q

Which drug has no direct action one the CNS?

A

PED’s

Sociology 2222 (8 decks)

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