Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

VBMS 324 > Lecture 6- Hematology > Flashcards

Lecture 6- Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

T or F: erythrocytes make u 84% of cell count

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 components of hematocrit

A

plasma- water, plasma proteins & solutes
buffy coat- WBC & platelets (middle layer)
packed cell volume - bottom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

colloid osmotic pressure

A

fluid moves from low -> high concentrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how to avoid water leakage out of blood vessels

A

keep plasma protein concentration high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 positions of heme

A

outwards- wants O2
inwards- no room for O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Albumin

A

blood proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fibrinogen

A

makes mesh for blood clots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T or F: plasma has fibrinogen & serum does not

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

creatine function

A

slows activity in the blood- will be low if kidneys work well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

erythrocytes function

A

transport O2 & CO2 and buffer pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T or F: if blood volume is artificially increased RBC count will be lower b/c it is diluted

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T or F: females have more RBC

A

F, males do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bohr effect

A

right shift, tissues get 35% saturated = more O2 to tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what 3 factors effect which curve the oxygen dissociation curve will follow?

A

pH, temp & phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

lower pH = what curve

A

O2 is dropped earlier = right shift = bohr effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

high temp = what curve

A

right shift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

organic phosphate ( ) affinity for O2

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does a left shift in curve mean

A

carbon monoxide poisoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

O2 ( ) at high altitude & causes an ( ) regulation in DGP

A

low, up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

does O2 get released more in tissues or lungs at high altitude

A

tissues =problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

arterial vs venous blood colour

A

A- bright red, saturated
V- dark red-not blue, deoxygenated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what type of blood would produce from a severed vein

A

venous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

carbaminohemoglobin

A

when Hb carries CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Haldene effect

A

more O2 on Hb = less CO2 binds to Hb in lungs & exact opposite on tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

ocean acidification & reaction

A

ocean becomes more acidic via natural chemical reactions - CO2 reacts with water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

low vs high pH on respiration

A

low- increases respiration b/c we want to exhale more CO2, reaction moves both ways
high- decreases respiration b/c lacks protons & reaction shifts to the right to add H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

contractions in the ( ) release RBC ready to bind O2

A

spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what produces RBC

A

red bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

erythropoiesis

A

immature blood cells are waiting to be called on for use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

T or F: EPO increases long term endurance but not short term

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

T or F: EPO is give to people with kidney failure

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

anemia

A

lacking RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

concaved RBC that stick together & blocks O2 delivery - double recessive genetic problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

polycthemia

A

too many RBC - causes blood clots in vessels

caused when signalling doesn’t work & makes excessive RBC = cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Hb chesapeake

A

high affinity for O2, low O2 in tissue

36
Q

T or F: leukocytes are bigger than RBC

A

T

37
Q

leukocyte function

A

dumps toxic granules

38
Q

what 3 types of WBC are derived from polymorphnucelar granulocytes

A

neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil

39
Q

what 2 types of WBC are derived from granulocytes

A

monocytes & lymphocytes

40
Q

neutrophil function

A

engluf bacteria

41
Q

T or F: neutrophils are the largest & most WBC

A

T

42
Q

diapedesis function

A

moves from blood to site of damage / infection

43
Q

diapedesis mechanism

A

get attracted, landing strip becomes sticky, WBC roll & flatten to enter tissues

44
Q

eosinophil function

A

parasitic infection = production increased

45
Q

basophil function

A

allergies, inflammation & ticks

46
Q

monocytes function

A

turn into macrophages

47
Q

what type of immunity do macrophages use

A

accquired

48
Q

lymphocyte function

A

antibody production

49
Q

T or F: lymphocytes are not the smallest WBC

A

F

50
Q

B cells function

A

secretes antibodies from bone marrow to destruct foreign material

51
Q

T cells function

A

secreted from thymus, caused forced apoptosis for damaged cells

52
Q

B & T cells vs NK cells immunity types

A

B & T- acquired
NK- innate

53
Q

2 types of non-circulating WBC & their immunity

A

mast cells & dendritic cells

innate immunity

54
Q

innate immunity

A

anything your body does to protect you without you having to do anything -skin

55
Q

mast cell funciton

A

release histamine & heparin

56
Q

histamine function

A

brings more blood

57
Q

herapin function

A

ensures no coagulation

58
Q

what are dendritic cells

A

retired monocytes

59
Q

innate vs acquired immunity

A

innate- non specific
acquired- specific to 1 antigen

60
Q

T or F: non-phagocytic shoots instead of engulfs bacteria

A

T

61
Q

non-regenerative tissues

A

scar tissue- build up of collagen - not stretchy

62
Q

feedback loop for infection

A

when macrophages are called to fight it sends a signal to bone marrow to up regulate WBC

63
Q

passive immunity

A

when you get antibodies from another source - mother - protect for 1 month - placenta & milk

64
Q

antibody-mediated immunity

A

antibodies need lock & key to activate

65
Q

IgG vs IgE

A

G- bacterial
E-parasite & allergies

66
Q

T or F: some B cells turn to memory cells

A

T - how vaccines work

67
Q

1st vs 2nd exposure

A

1st- peak in antibody production is 2 weeks after exposed to it
2nd- peak is 1 week due to memory cells

68
Q

cell mediated immunity

A

T cells attack self cells

69
Q

3 types of T cells

A

cytotoxic- do the fighting
helper- tells other cells to move to site of infection
regulatory- slows cells down

70
Q

T or F: lymphocytes > neutrophils in production animals & neutrophils > lymphocytes in humans & dogs

A

T

71
Q

leukopenia

A

low WBC count

72
Q

leukocytosis

A

high WBC or RBC count - cancer

73
Q

autoimmune diseases

A

body accidentally attacks itself b/c of mutation - MS

74
Q

T or F: birds have thrombocytes 7 humans / animals have platelets

A

T

75
Q

what is the smallest component of blood

A

platelets

76
Q

where are platelets synthezied

A

bone marrow

77
Q

megakarocyte function

A

sheds platelets inside your blood

78
Q

intrinsic pathway

A

clot in vessel triggered by collagen exposure

79
Q

extrinsic pathway

A

blood is spilling in tissues

80
Q

what does thrombin activate

A

fibrinogen & factor 13 to clot blood

81
Q

fibrinolytic enzyme

A

breaks down fibrinogen

82
Q

what factor creates the clot

A

factor 12

83
Q

anti-clotting regulation

A

low concentration b/c don’t want accidental clotting in lungs so there is lots of TPA in blood to prevent

84
Q

DVT causes what

A

increase in clotting - treatment is heparin injection - anti-coagulant

85
Q

warfarin causes what

A

excessive bleeding - need vitamin K for clotting factors

86
Q

dicoumarol

A

acts as anti-coagulant b/c it inhibits vitamin K which is needed to form clotting factors - clotting cascade cannot occur = hemorrhage

87
Q
A

VBMS 324 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions