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Microbio Test I > Lecture 7 > Flashcards

Lecture 7 Flashcards

1
Q

word association leukemia causes neutropenia

A

aspergillus mold appears

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2
Q

loss of normal flora in vagina

A

candida appears

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3
Q

saprophytes

A

live on dead decaying organisms and matter

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4
Q

commensal

A

no benefit or harm

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5
Q

symbiotic

A

mutally beneficial

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6
Q

parasitic

A

cuase disease

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7
Q

ergot alkaloids

A

bread mold psychosis of salem witch trials

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8
Q

aflatoxin

A

grows on peanuts and cuases liver damage

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9
Q

stachybotrys

A

black mold in bathrooms that produces neurotoxin

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10
Q

what is the only fungi with a capsule

A

pathogenic yeast cryptococcus neoformans

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11
Q

human cell wall has _____ fungi cell was has ______

A

humans have cholesterol

fungi have ergosterol

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12
Q

what polymers compose the fungal cell wall

A 
chitin (NAG)
chitosan (d-glucosamine)
cellulose (d-glucose)
alpha glucan (d- glucose)
beta glucan (d-glucose)
mannan (d-mannose)
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13
Q

dimorphic

A

can grow as both yeast and mold

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14
Q

unicellar fungi with spherical or ellipsoid shape

A

yeast

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15
Q

how do yeast reproduce

A

budding

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16
Q

what forms psuedohyphae

A

yeast (buds don’t separate just get longer)

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17
Q

what produces a germ tube

A

the yeast candida albicans (looks like a long arm)

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18
Q

cluster of hyphae

A

mycelium

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19
Q

vegetative hyphae grow_____ aerial hyphae grow ____

A

down into structure / up out of structure

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20
Q

coenocytic

A

mold without septa

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21
Q

asexual mold reproduction

A

produces conidia

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22
Q

spores/conidia in the hyphae are called ____

A

arthro-conidia

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23
Q

what produces spores

A

sexual mold reproduction

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24
Q

conidia pore

A

head where spores come off from

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25
Q

how are molds clinically diagnosed

A

visually

26
Q

superficial mycoses

A

infection of the outermost layers of skin and hair

27
Q

pityiasis versicolor, tinea nigra, clack and white piedra

A

superficial mycoses

28
Q

cutaneous mycoses

A

infection which extends deep into the epidermis as well as invasive hair and nail infections

29
Q

dermatophyte infections, ringworm, athletes foot, jock itch

A

cutaneous mycoses

30
Q

subcutaneous mycoses

A

infections involving the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, muscle and fascia

31
Q

sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis

A

subcutaneous mycoses

32
Q

systemic mycoses

A

infections that originate primarily in the lung but may spear to any organ in the body

33
Q

dimorphic fungi: histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, coccidiomycosis
yeast: cryptococcosis

A

systemic mycoses

34
Q

opportunistic mycoses

A

infection primarily associated with immunosuppressed individuals

35
Q

candidiasisi, aspergillosis, zygomycosis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

A

opportunistic mycoses

36
Q

do humoral antibodies help us fight fungi

A

nope

37
Q

___________ is essential for controlling and eliminating fungal infection

A

cell mediated immunity

38
Q

drugs targeting cell wall of fungi

A

echinocandins

nikkomycin

39
Q

echinocandins

A

glucan synthesis in cell wall

40
Q

nikkomycin

A

chitin synthesis in cell wall

41
Q

cell membrane targeting drugs in funti

A

azoles

allylamines

42
Q

azoles and allylamines

A

inhibitors of ergosterol synthesis

43
Q

direct membrane damage fungi drug

A

polyenes

44
Q

polyenes

A

target membrane sterols by binding ergosterol

45
Q

azole derivatives

A

target ergosterol biosynthesis

46
Q

nucleoside analogues

A

target DNA and RNA synthesis

47
Q

grisans

A

target microtubules

48
Q

allylamines and thiocarbamates

A

target squalene epoxidase

49
Q

morpholines

A

target egosterol biosynthesis

50
Q

potassium iodide

A

targets unknown

51
Q

what stops the first step of ergosterol synthesis

A

b lactone

52
Q

what stops HMGCoA to mevalonic acid in ergosterol synthesis

A

mevinolin, compactin

53
Q

what stops squalene to lanosterol in ergosterol synthesis

A

allylamines, thiocarbamates

54
Q

amphotericin B

A
  • a polyene

- binds to ergosterol in the membrane and causes a pore to form –> osmotic disruption and cell death

55
Q

eichinocandins

A

inhibit B glucan synthesis, only good for fungi with lots of B glucan

56
Q

KOH Preparation

A

specimens dropped in 15% KOH dissolve more quickly than fungi because of chitin cell walls. allows visualization of fungi

57
Q

chlorazol black

calcofluor white

A

stains revealing the carb rich cell wall of fungi

58
Q

gomori methylamine silver GMS

periodic ascid Schiff PAS

A

satins in tissue sections for fungi

59
Q

all fungi stain _________

A

GRAM POSITIVE

60
Q

india ink stain

A

unique test for capsule in cryptococcus neoformans

61
Q

germ tube test

A

candida albicans

-yeast mixed with serum to look for production of germ tubes

62
Q

how long are fungi cultivated?

A

3-4 wks at 25-30 C

Microbio Test I (7 decks)

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