Lecture: Upper Limb 2

Question 1

Name/describe the movements of the scapula

Answer 1

Retraction: scapula pulled to the midline and arm pulled back
Protraction: scapula pulled away from the midline and arm pushed forward

Question 2

What is deep fascia?

Answer 2

Dense connective tissue that surrounds and compartmentalises muscles.

Question 3

What are the types of specialised fascia?

Answer 3

• Interosseus membrane
• Retinaculae
• Aponeurosis
• Digital sheaths

Question 4

What are the extrinsic back muscles?

Answer 4

They are not true back muscles and act to move the upper limb.

• Latissimus dorsi
• Rhomboid
• Levator scapulae
• Trapezius

Question 5

Where do the extrinsic back muscles get their nerve innervation from?

Answer 5

Latissimus dorsi, rhomboid, levator scapulae get from the ANTERIOR RAMUS!!! (ventral)
While the trapezius gets it from a cranial nerve

Question 6

What are the muscles of the shoulder/scapula that act on the scapulo-humeral?

Answer 6

deltoid, biceps, rotator cuff muscles

Question 7

Where is the pectoralis minor located?

Answer 7

deep to the major

Question 8

What is the pectoralis major/minor?

Answer 8

it is a muscle in the chest, it helps move the upper limb, attaches to the sternum

Question 9

What is serratus anterior?

Answer 9

it is a chest muscle DEEP to the pectoralis major, it connects to the ribs and scapula, glides it around

Question 10

What are the muscles of the shoulder/scapula?

Answer 10

deltoid, biceps, rotator cuff muscles

Question 11

Where is the deltoid muscle located?

Answer 11

The shoulder muscle; runs from the scapula to the humerus

Question 12

What are the muscles of the shoulder/scapula that act on the upper limb?

Answer 12

deltoid, pectoralis major/minor, serratus anterior

Question 13

What are rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 13

blend with the glena fossa to pull humeral head towards the glenoid

Question 14

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 14

Infraspinatus, subscapularus, supraspinatus, teres minor

Question 15

How are the muscles of the upper arm separated?

Answer 15

Anterior and posterior compartments by deep fascia. Anterior has 3 and posterior has 2

Question 16

Where are flexor muscles located?

Answer 16

They are located on the anterior side.

Question 17

What are the anterior compartment of the arm muscles?

Answer 17

biceps brachii, brachialis

Question 18

what are the posterior compartment of the arm muscles called?

Answer 18

triceps brachii

Question 19

Where is the common flexor origin?

Answer 19

MEDIAL EPICONDYLE

Question 20

How many layers of muscle does the anterior compartment of the forearm have?

Answer 20

3: superficial, intermediate and deep

Question 21

Describe the superficial muscles of the arm

Answer 21

Very long

Question 22

Describe the intermediate muscles of the arm

Answer 22

mostly for flexing of the fingers: FDS: flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 23

Describe the deep muscles of the arm

Answer 23

thumb muscle lays here; flexor policis tongus

Question 24

Describe the carpal tunnel

Answer 24

Where tendons, some nerves and vessels pass through.it is above the carpal bones but under the retinaculum

Question 25

How many layers of muscle does the posterior compartment of the forearm have?

Answer 25

2 layers: superficial and deep

Question 26

Describe the superficial layer of posterior forearm

Answer 26

6 muscles. all extend the wrist/digits

Question 27

Describe the deep layer of posterior forearm

Answer 27

5 muscles