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(Q3) SCIENCE > LESSON 1_ THE NERVOUS SYSTEM > Flashcards

LESSON 1_ THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary purpose of the Nervous system

A
  1. Coordinates all activities of the body
  2. Enables the body to respond to changes both inside and outside
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2
Q

Split into 2 parts divided by a fissure corpus callosum

A

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

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3
Q

The Central Nervous System is made up of 2 major structures

A

The Brain

The Spinal cord

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4
Q

The Brain is found:

A

Within the Cranium of the Skull

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5
Q

The 6 Main Sections of the Brain

A
  1. Cerebrum
  2. Cerebellum
  3. Diencephalon
  4. Midbrain
  5. Pons
  6. Medulla Oblongata
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6
Q

The ________ is the Largest Section and is Divided into 2 major hemispheres

conscious activity including perception emotion thought and planning

A

Cerebrum

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7
Q

What are the 4 Lobes of the Cerebrum?

A
  1. Frontal Lobe
  2. Parietal Lobe
  3. Temporal Lobe
  4. Occipital Lobe
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8
Q

This Lobe is responsible for
- Reasoning and thought

A

Frontal Lobe

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9
Q

This Lobe is responsible for:
- Integrates sensory information

A

Parietal Lobe

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10
Q

This Lobe is responsible for:
- Processing auditory information from the ears

A

Temporal Lobe

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11
Q

This Lobe is responsible for:
- Processing visual information from the eyes

A

Occipital Lobe

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12
Q

Located in the back of the head below the Cerebrum and above the first cervical of the neck

coordination of movement and aspects of model learning

A

Cerebellum

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13
Q

Responsible for:

Muscle coordination
Balance
Posture
Muscle Tone

A

Cerebellum

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14
Q

Found between the Cerebrum and the Midbrain

A

Diencephalon

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15
Q

The Diencephalon contains 2 structures:

A

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

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16
Q

Directs Sensory impulses to the Cerebrum

the brain switchboard

filters and then release information to various brain regions

A

Thalamus

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17
Q

Controls and regulates temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep and blood vessel constriction and dilation

Also plays a role in emotions such as Anger, Fear, Pleasure, Pain and Affection

A

Hypothalamus

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18
Q
  • Located below the Cerebrum
  • Responsible for eye and auditory reflexes
A

Midbrain

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19
Q
  • Located Below the Midbrain (In Brain stem)
  • Responsible for certain reflex actions
A

Pons

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20
Q
  • Lowest Part of the Brain stem
  • Connects the Spinal Cord

Regulates:
- Heart and Blood vessels function
- Digestion
- Respiration
- Swallowing
- Coughing
- Sneezing
- Blood Pressure

AKA CENTER FOR RESPIRATION

A

Medulla Oblongata

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21
Q

The Link between the Brain and the nerves in the rest of the body

A

Spinal Cord

22
Q

The Spinal cord is Divided into 4 different Regions:

A
  1. Cervical
  2. Thoracic
  3. Lumbar
  4. (Afferent & Efferent) Spinal Nerves
23
Q

The Afferent and Efferent Nerves form the

A

Peripheral Nerves

24
Q

Carries information from the body to the brain

A

Afferent Spinal Nerves

25
Q

Carries the information from the brain to the Body

A

Efferent Spinal Nerves

26
Q

A system that regulates the functions of the central Nervous system which lie outside it’s major components such as the brain and spinal cord

A

Peripheral Nervous System

27
Q

The Peripheral Nervous System is subdivided into 2 smaller systems:

A
  1. Somatic System
  2. Autonomic System
28
Q

Is responsible for carrying motor and sensory information

It is made up of nerves that connect to skin, sensory organs and skeletal muscles

Responsible for nearly all voluntary muscle movements

Process sensory information from external stimuli !Hearing, Touch and sight)

A

Somatic Nervous System

29
Q

The structures that allow this communication to happen between the nerves throughout the body and the central Nervous system are;

A
  1. Afferent sensory neurons
  2. Efferent motor neurons
30
Q

Conducting Inward

A

Afferent sensory neurons

31
Q

Conducting Outwards

A

Efferent Motor neurons

32
Q

Take information from the nerves to the Central Nervous System

A

Afferent neurons

33
Q

Take information from the Central Nervous System to the muscle fiber throughout the body

A

Efferent motor neurons

34
Q

The Autonomic Nervous System is subdivided into 2 Nervous Systems

A
  1. The Sympathetic Nervous System
  2. The Parasympathetic Nervous System
35
Q

“Fight or Flight’

revs up the body to either defend yourself or escape the threat

A

The Sympathetic Nervous System

36
Q

Brings all systems of the body back to normal

A

Parasympathetic Nervous System

37
Q

includes the cerebral cortex the medullary body and the basal ganglia

A

cerebrum

38
Q

is the layer of the brain often referred to as gray matter because it has cell bodies and synapses but no myelin

A

cerebral cortex

39
Q

the cortex is gray because

A

nerves in this area left the insulation of white fatty mylen sheet that makes most parts of the brain appear to be white

40
Q

the cortex covers the outer portion….

A

1.5 mm to 5 mm of the cerebrum and the cerebellum

41
Q

the cortex consists of folded bulges called

A

gyri that create furrows or fissures called sulci

42
Q

is the white matter of this cerebrum and consists of myelinated axons

A

medullary body

43
Q

masses of gray matter in each hemisphere which are involved in the control of voluntary muscle movements

A

Basal Ganglia

44
Q

SPECIAL REGIONS

located in the frontal lobe which is important in the production of speech

A

broca’s area

45
Q

comprehension of language and the production of meaningful speech

A

Wernicke’s area

46
Q

a group of brain structures (amygdala hippocampus septum basal ganglia) and others that help regulate the expression of emotions and emotional memory

A

Limbic system

47
Q

are rhythmic fluctuations of electrical potential between parts of the brain as seen on an electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

Brain waves

48
Q

the four types of brain waves

A

beta
alpha
theta
delta

49
Q

awake normal alert consciousness

A

beta 15 to 30 hz

50
Q

relaxed calm meditation creative visualization

A

alpha 9 to 14 hz

51
Q

deep relaxation and meditation problem solving

A

theta 4-8 hz

52
Q

deep dreamless sleep

A

delta 1-3 hz

(Q3) SCIENCE (7 decks)

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