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CHEM LEC 1 > LESSON #3: PANCREATIC ENZYMES > Flashcards

LESSON #3: PANCREATIC ENZYMES Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two pancreatic enzymes

A

Amylase and lipase

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2
Q

There are many other enzymes produced by the pancreas but only _____ and _____ are tested in the laboratory

A

Amylase and lipase

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3
Q

hormones (produced directly to the bloodstream)

A

Endocrine

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4
Q

enzymes (exit in the pancreatic duct)

A

Exocrine

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5
Q

Amylase is breakdown of _____ and ______ to monosaccharides

A

starch and glycogen

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6
Q

Activators of amylase

A

calcium and chloride

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7
Q
  • 11,4 D Glucan Glucanohydrolase
A

Amylase

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8
Q

How can amylase break it down?
AMS target is the _________

A

1,4 glycosidic bond

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9
Q

Bet amylase cant be found in humans only in _________ and _________

A

plants and microorganisms

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10
Q

salivary AMS or ptyalin

A

Salivary glands

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11
Q

Pancreatic AMS

A

Acinar cells

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12
Q

Amylase properties
MW: ___________ - _________
Readily filtered by the __________

A

MW: 50,000-55,000
Readily filtered in glomerulus

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13
Q

Can we measure amylase in the urine?

A

Yes, because it was not reabsorbed in the tubules then the amylase will combine with the urine

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14
Q

Initial digestion of starch by salivary amylase

A

Mouth

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15
Q

Final digestion by pancreatic amylase

A

Small intestine

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16
Q

what are the two amylase isoenzymes

A
  1. P type isoamylase
  2. S type isoamylase
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17
Q

P type isoamylase
- _________
- have subtype: ____________
-P3: ______________

A

-Pancreas
-Have subtype: P1,P2,P3
-P3: Predominant in Acute pancreatitis

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18
Q

S type isoamylase
- have subtype: __________
-_________, ______, ________

A

have subtype: S1, S2, S3
Salivary gland, lungs, fallopian tube

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19
Q

AMYLASE DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE
Acute Pancreatitis
Rise: ________
Peak: __________
Normalize: _________

A

Rise: 5-8 hours after onset of an attack
Peak: 24 hours
Normalize: 3-5 days

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20
Q

What is acute pancreatitis?

A

Sudden inflammation of the pancreas

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21
Q

The first and common risk factor is the ____________

A

ALCOHOL

22
Q

____________ - Inflammation of parotid gland

A

Parotitis

23
Q

____________ - (Parotitis)

A

Salivary gland lesions

24
Q

Secretion of protein rich pancreatic fluid that leads to the deposition of thickened protein plugs and obstruction of small pancreatic ducts

A

Alcohol and pancreatitis

25
Q

Transient increase in the pancreatic exocrine and contraction of the ___________

A

Sphincter of oddi
- Alcohol and pancreatitis

26
Q

Direct toxicity in the acinar cells

A

Alcohol and pancreatitis

27
Q

Chronic alcohol ingestion leads to :
1. ____________
2. ____________
3. ___________

A
  1. clog the pancreatic duct
  2. increase enzymatic secretion of your pancreas
  3. alcohol is toxic to the acinar cells that produces enzymes
28
Q
  • Amylase is high in normal condition
  • Has many types including macroamylasemia
A

Hyperamylasemia

29
Q

Persistent increase in serum amylase is seen without clinical symptoms

A

Macroamylasemia

30
Q

AMS molecule combines with IgG or IgA

A

Macroamylasemia

31
Q

Amylase is high because it binds with immunoglobulins

A

macroamylasemia

32
Q

Triacylglycerol Acylhydrolase

A

Lipase

33
Q

Hydrolyzes the ester linkages of fats to produce alcohols and fatty acids

A

Lipase

34
Q

________ breaks down Triglycerides/ Large fat molecules into simpler form; alcohol and fatty acids

A

Lipase

35
Q

__________ binds in the ester linkages of fats: 1,3 ester linkage

A

Lipase

36
Q

if lipase ang ginabreakdown niya kay ______ and _______ while ang amylase kay ______ and _______

A

lipase - alcohol and fatty acid
amylase - starch and glycogen

37
Q

primarily in pancreas

A

Lipase

38
Q

lipase also present in _______, ______, _______, ________, _____, and _______

A

liver, stomach, small intestine, white blood cells, fat cells and milk

39
Q

which one is best for pancreatitis?

A

lipase, because it is more specific to the pancreas compared to the amylase

40
Q

Almost exclusive to the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis

A

Lipase

41
Q

LIPASE - DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE
Rise: __________
Peak: __________
Persist: ___________

A

LIPASE
Rise: 4-8 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Persist: 8-14 days

42
Q

Found also in other intra-abdominal conditions
_______, _______, ________, __________

A
  1. Duodenal ulcers
  2. perforated peptic ulcers
  3. intestinal obstruction
  4. acute cholecystitis
43
Q

LIPASE
Normal in conditions with ___________

A

salivary gland involvement

44
Q

LIPASE MW: _________

A

45, 000

45
Q

smaller than amylase

A

LIPASE

46
Q

________ is not present in the urine because it was reabsorbed in the tubules

A

LIPASE

47
Q

In Lipase: Reaction rate is accelerated by the presence of ________ and _______

A

Colipase and bile salt

48
Q

Lipase: _______, ______, _______, ______, _______

A

Proteins, heavy metals, quinine, phospholipids, bile acids

49
Q

reverse this inhibition

A

Colipases

50
Q

Coenzymes that that prevents inhibitory effects of lipase

A

Colipase

51
Q

Lipase needs _______ for the success of it enzymatic reaction

A

Colipase

52
Q
A

CHEM LEC 1 (6 decks)

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