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102ELS > Lesson 3.5: Bioenergetics > Flashcards

Lesson 3.5: Bioenergetics Flashcards

1
Q

bioenergetics are also known as

A

biochemical thermodynamics

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2
Q

bioenergetics is a branch of

A

biochemistry

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3
Q

a branch of biochemistry that focuses on how cells transform energy, often by producing, storing or consuming ATP

A

bioenergetics

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4
Q

ATP stands for

A

adenosine triphosphate

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5
Q

bioenergetics involves what type of reactions

A

exergonic and endergonic reactions

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6
Q

difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions

A

exergonic - energy is being released into surroundings
endergonic - energy is being absorbed from surroundings

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7
Q

bioenergetics is concerned with

A

initial and final states of energy components of the reactants

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8
Q

reactant ->

A

product

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9
Q

bioenergetics is NOT concerned with

A

mechanism of the reaction

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10
Q

study of energy changes accompanying biochemical reactions or in biological system

A

bioenergetics

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11
Q

study of transformation of energy in humans

A

human bioenergetics

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12
Q

study of different cellular and metabolic processes that lead to the production and utilization of energy

A

human bioenergetics

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13
Q

how does bioenergetics work?

A

converted energy acquired from external sources for use in various biological processes in living cells

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14
Q

why is bioenergetics important

A

conversion of energy for cellular activities is a vital process in any biological system

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15
Q

bioenergetics is a branch of biochemistry that focuses on

A

how cells transform energy

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16
Q

examples of bioenergetic processes

A

cellular respiration or photosynthesis

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17
Q

bioenergetic processes, such as cellular respiration or photosynthesis, are essential to

A

most aspects of cellular metabolism

(therefore to life itself)

18
Q

major bioenergetics

A

glycolysis, citric acid cycle, ketosis, photosynthesis,

19
Q

the metabolic pathway that converts glucose to pyruvate

A

glycolysis

20
Q

carbon molecule; end product of glycolysis

A

pyruvate

21
Q

glycolysis occurs in

A

liquid part of cells–cytosol

22
Q

known for a series of reactions that extract energy from glucose

A

glycolysis

23
Q

how does glycolysis work

A

splitting glucose into two-three carbon molecules called pyruvates

24
Q

serves as the mitochondrial hub for the final steps in carbon skeleton oxidative catabolism for carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids

A

citric acid cycle

25
Q

citric acid cycle is also known as

A

krebs cycle

26
Q

a chain of reactions occuring in the mitochondria, through which almost all living cells produce energy in aerobic respiration

A

citric acid cycle/krebs cycle

27
Q

where does the citric acid cycle occur

A

mitochondria

28
Q

metabolic state that occurs when your body burns fat for energy instead of glucose

A

ketosis

29
Q

diet involved in ketosis

A

keto diet

30
Q

possible benefits of keto diet

A

potential weight loss, increased energy, treating chronic illness

31
Q

biological process used by many cellular organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy

A

photosynthesis

32
Q

what happens to the chemical energy converted from light energy in photosynthesis

A

stored in organic compounds that can later be metabolized through cellular respiration to fuel the organism’s activities

33
Q

primary source of energy in the body is

A

carbohydrates

34
Q

what happens to carbohydrates in the body

A

broken down into glucose for immediate energy or glycogen for future energy

35
Q

when glucose is not available as an energy source

A

your body turns to fat as the primary fuel source

36
Q

what is produced when fat gets broken down

A

glucose and ketones (byproduct)

37
Q

when your body is getting fuel from ketones, you are

A

in a state of ketosis

38
Q

three kinds of ketones

A

acetone, acetoacetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid

39
Q

beta-hydroxybutyric acid is also known as

A

beta-hydroxybutyrate

40
Q

what is the smallest ketone

A

acetone

41
Q

biggest ketone

A

beta-hydroxybutyric acid

42
Q

flow of photosynthesis and cellular respiration

A

sun/solar energy → plants → photosynthesis → oxygen & glucose → humans → cellular respiration → carbon dioxide & water (REPEAT)

102ELS (8 decks)

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