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HISTOPATH LEC > LESSON 6 > Flashcards

LESSON 6 Flashcards

1
Q

The following are the different processes that we
are performing

A

◆ Tissue processing
◆ Cytology
◆ Frozen biopsy
◆ Special staining
◆ Immunohistochemistry

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2
Q

The study of tissues affected by disease

A

HISTOPATHOLOGY

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3
Q

Includes all activities done in the laboratory in order
to produce a suitable specimen slide for viewing by
the pathologist

A

HISTOPATHOLOGIC TECHNIQUES

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4
Q

Sections large and hollow organs to allow fixation
➔ Pathologist is involved in gross examination,
followed with fixation down to mounting.
● Examine the tissue sections, cytologic slides under
the microscope

A

PATHOLOGIST
Head of the Laboratory

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5
Q

Monitor staff performance
● Pinpoint problematic situations and find solutions
➔ More focused on the staff performance
➔ Assistant of the pathologist

A

ASSOCIATE PATHOLOGIST

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6
Q

● Assist the pathologists by providing spx slides that
are properly labeled, processed,stained and
mounted.
➔ Before giving the slides to the pathologist, ensure
that slides are in good condition, readable, and the
characteristics are defined under the microscope.

A

HISTOTECHNOLOGIST/ HISTOTECHNICIAN

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7
Q

It is important to maintain quality assurance since
we are dealing with tissues

A

QUALITY ASSURANCE

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8
Q

Set of coordinated activities to regulate a lab order
to continually improve its performance.

A

QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

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9
Q

_________- from receiving to specimen
accessioning
➔ __________ - actual reading of the slides
➔ _____________ - releasing of the results.

A

Pre-analytic
Analytic
Post-analytic

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10
Q

Every specimen that we are
receiving must have a _____________

A

request form

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11
Q

5 Types of reports:

A

Patient report
Telephone report
Preliminary report
Final report
Incident report

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12
Q

(ptx info, dx + gross/
microscopic findings)

A

Patient Report

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13
Q

● Ex. When the pathologist will
relay the information to the
surgeon, that must be
documented and it will be written
on a telephone report.

A

Telephone Report

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14
Q

The status of the sample 48-72
hours from receiving the
specimen.

A

Preliminary Report

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15
Q

The report of the pathologist upon
reading the samples under the
slide.

A

Final Report

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16
Q

These are the documents
regarding problems inside the
laboratory.

A

Incident Report

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17
Q

3 Types of Results:

A

◆ Surgical Pathology

◆ Cytopathology

◆ Autopsy Report

SCA

18
Q

This would vary depending on the protocol of the
laboratory but below are the recommended one.

A

Turnaround Time (TAT) of Results:

19
Q

➔ Purpose: to preserve tissue constituents in a
life-like manner as possible

A

Fixation

20
Q

➔ Optional; not intended or processed for all
types of tissues
➔ Performed only for hard tissues (e.g., bone,
cartilage)

A

Decalcification

21
Q

Removing the water that was accumulated
on our tissue

A

Dehydration

22
Q

➔ Removing the dehydrating agent used during
the dehydration process

A

Clearing

23
Q

➔ Replacing the clearing material used in the
clearing process with impregnating material
➔ The impregnating material gives firm
consistency to the tissue for ease of handling
and sectioning. The material is usually
paraffin wax.

A

Infiltration/Impregnation

24
Q

➔ In this process, the tissue is placed into the
mold with the molten wax to form a solid
block tissue.

A

Embedding/Casting/ Molding

25
Q

Removing the excess paraffin wax that was
accumulated during the embedding process

A

Trimming

26
Q

Using the microtome, tissues are cut into fine
tissue sections to create a tissue ribbon.

A

Sectioning/Microtomy

27
Q

➔ Applying dyes onto the section
➔ Most common dye used in histopath:
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain

A

Staining

28
Q

➔ Placing the mounting media and covering it
with a cover slip to protect the sample and
allow storage of the slides.

A

Mounting

29
Q

➔ Using or following the accession number of
the patient

A

Labeling

30
Q

Performed on a patient who dies in a
hospital during the course of treatment,
where the death could be due to
malpractice inside the hospital.

A

Medical/Hospital

31
Q

For suspicious types of death (e.g.,
criminal trials, civil suits)

A

Medico-legal

32
Q

➔ Examination of a specific area or region in
the body (e.g., brain only or chest only)
➔ The problem of this type of autopsy is that
the organ that they chose to be examined
is not the cause of the patient’s death.

A

Partial

33
Q

➔ Examination of the entire external body
and internal examination of the organs, so
it will involve different organs, such as the
heart, lungs, liver, brain, or the kidneys.

A

Complete

34
Q

➔ The pathologist will begin the chest and
abdomen autopsy by making a y-shaped
incision.
➔ The arms of the letter “Y” are the
shoulders and they are going to meet on
the mid-chest and the stem of the “Y” will
run down to the pubic region.

A

Y-shaped

35
Q

➔ It’s I-shaped, so it starts from the
symphysis menti down to the pubis region.
➔ Disadvantage: the stitching will be
prominent in front of the neck, thorax, and
on the abdomen region.
➔ Another problem of a straight cut manner
of incision is that the back of the neck
cannot be properly visualized.

A

Straight cut

36
Q

● One by one removal of organs
● Most widely used technique
when it comes to autopsy

A

Virchow

37
Q

“in situ” (in place) dissection,
followed en bloc removal
➔ Combination with organ block
removal, so the organ will not
be removed from the body
during dissection. After that
one, the organ block will be
removed.

A

Rokitansky

38
Q

● A public official who is empowered to order an
inquest into the manner or cause of death
➔ Without the request from the coroner, the
autopsy will not continue.

A

CORONER

39
Q

“En bloc” removal
● Organs of same
group/cavity/region are removed
at the same time
➔ Ex. Thoracic organs will be
removed
➔ The removal of organs will be
grouped according to their
region

A

Ghon

40
Q

● “En masse” removal of organs
● All organs are removed at the
same time, then dissected by
blocks
➔ Disadvantage: The organ is
too heavy and big. And since
you’re going to remove all of
the organs at the same time,
it cannot fit on the standard
cutting or chopping boards
used.

A

Letulle

41
Q

AKA Necropsy, Post-mortem, Thanatopsy
➔ Involves the dissection and examination of
the dead body and its organs and
structures

A

Autopsy

42
Q
A

HISTOPATH LEC (6 decks)

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