Lipids Flashcards
How many calories are in 1g of lipids?
9 calories
What is the role of a lipid in the body?
They are used to store energy, transport vitamins, and used to synthesize enzymes and hormones, they are also important components of cell membranes
What is the composition of a lipid?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What are some sources of lipids?
Oils, butter, meats, and milk
What is the daily energy intake of a lipid?
No more than 30% of daily calorie intake.
What are triglycerides? And their main types of fat?
They are used in the body for long term energy storage. And their main types of fat are saturated, monosaturated, and polyunsaturated
What is the definition of saturated fat?
Saturated fats are solid at room temperature (animal fats, butter, milk)(trans fats are saturated).
What kind of bond is in saturated fat?
If there are only single bonds between neighbouring carbons in the hydrocarbon chain, a fatty acid is said to be saturated.
What is the definition of monosaturated fat?
Monosaturated fat lowers bad cholesterol and is found in olive oil, canola or peanut oil, nuts, and seeds.
What type of chain is found in monosaturated fats?
There is one double bond between carbon atoms and the rest are single, therefore, the molecule is unsaturated with hydrogen atoms. (This creates a kink in the molecule)
Definition of polyunsaturated fats
Polyunsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature, they lower total cholesterol levels and they are found in safflower, sunflower, corn, vegetable oil, and fish.
What is the chain of polyunsaturated fats?
There is more than one double bond found between carbon atoms and the rest are single
What are phospholipids?
Phospholipids are composed of a phospholipid head and 2 fatty acid tails
What are steroids?
Steroids are composed of 4 fused ring structures and they are structures for cholesterol
What are trans fats?
Trans fats are unsaturated fat that is present in processed foods to help preserved freshness (I.e. meat, milk, and butter)
