Living things and their environment

Question 1

What is ecology?

Answer 1

Ecology is the study of the interaction between organisms and their environment.

Question 2

What is habitat?

Answer 2

Habitat is the place where an organism lives.

Question 3

What is population?

Answer 3

Population is all the members of a single species that live in a habitat.

Question 4

What is community?

Answer 4

Community is all the populations of different organisms that live together in a habitat.

Question 5

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 5

An ecosystem is a community of animals, plants, micro-organisms, non-living things and their shared environment.

Question 6

What are some abiotic factors?

Answer 6

• Light Intensity
• Temperature
• Soil pH
• Soil Moisture

Question 7

What are some biotic factors?

Answer 7

• Disease
• Food availability
• Grazing
• Predation

Question 8

What are adaptations?

Answer 8

Adaptations are traits that help an organism survive in its environment.

Question 9

What can cause changes in population sizes?

Answer 9

Birth, Death, Immigration, and Emigration

Question 10

What are 4 factors limiting population growth?

Answer 10

Food, Water, Living Space, and Disease

Question 11

What do feeding relationships show?

Answer 11

Feeding relationships show what organisms eat or are eaten by.

Question 12

What is a food chain?

Answer 12

A food chain is a list of organisms in a habitat that shows their feeding relationships.

Question 13

What is a food web?

Answer 13

A food web is a network of interconnected food chains.

Question 14

What are the organisms in trophic levels?

Answer 14

Producer, Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer

Question 15

What is the primary source of energy for green plants, and how do animals obtain their energy?

Answer 15

Green plants get their energy from photosynthesis and animals get their energy from respiration.

Question 16

What is respiration?

Answer 16

Respiration is the process of releasing energy from glucose; it’s the opposite of photosynthesis.

Question 17

What is the energy released from respiration used for?

Answer 17

It is used for all the chemical reactions that keep you alive.

Question 18

What are the 2 types of respiration?

Answer 18

Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration

Question 19

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 19

Aerobic respiration needs plenty of oxygen.
glucose + oxygen ==> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)

Question 20

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?

Answer 20

Anaerobic respiration takes place without oxygen but is different in different organisms. In humans:

glucose ==> lactic acid (+ energy)

Question 21

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in micro-organisms?

Answer 21

Anaerobic respiration takes place without oxygen but is different in different organisms. In micro-organisms like yeast:

glucose ==> carbon dioxide + ethanol (+ energy)

Question 22

What is fermentation?

Answer 22

When anaerobic respiration produces ethanol, it’s called fermentation. Fermentation is the process used to make beer.

Question 23

How does fermentation in yeast have a significant importance in human society?

Answer 23

• it’s crucial in bread making.
• it’s at the heart of alcohol production.
• it helps reduce waste and provides a more sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.
• it’s used to produce insulin and other pharmaceuticals.