Lower Level Terms

Question 1

Phages

Answer 1

Phages, formally known as bacteriophages, are viruses that solely kill and selectively target bacteria. They are the most common biological entities in nature, and have been shown to effectively fight and destroy multi-drug resistant bacteria.

Question 2

Plasmid

Answer 2

a genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes, typically a small circular DNA strand in the cytoplasm of a bacterium or protozoan. Plasmids are much used in the laboratory manipulation of genes

Question 3

endonuclease

Answer 3

a protein that cleaves DNA (and other stuff) (DNA scissors!)

Question 4

Nucleic Acid

Answer 4

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain

Question 5

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA

Answer 5

adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine

Question 6

Nucleotide

Answer 6

A nucleotide is an organic molecule that is the building block of DNA and RNA. The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine.

Question 7

Gametes

Answer 7

a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.

Question 8

haploid

Answer 8

(of a cell or nucleus) having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.