Lower Limb

Question 1

What factors provide hip stability?

Answer 1

Bones
Muscles
Ligaments

Question 1

What is the hip joint called?

Answer 1

acetabulum

Question 2

Why is synovial joint prone to arthritis?

Answer 2

as they are weight bearing

Question 3

which muscles provide the stability of the hip flexion ?

Answer 3

Psoas major
illacus

Question 4

Which muscles provide the stability of the hip extension?

Answer 4

Gluteus Maximus

Question 4

What do you see on Neck of Femur Fracture ?

Answer 4

The limb would be externally rotated

Question 4

Positive sign of Trendelen burg’s test caused by?

Answer 4

Weakness of abductor muscles Gluteus medius and minimus muscles

Question 5

What are the 3 muscles that hold posteriorly to keep the hip stable?

Answer 5

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Maximus

Question 6

What is the main blood supply for the femoral head?

Answer 6

Femoral artery

Question 7

What happens if there is no blood supply to the femoral head?

Answer 7

Avascular Neckrosis

Question 8

Types of fracture in the hip ?

Answer 8

Intracapsular
Extracapsular

Question 9

What imaging is requested for NOF?

Answer 9

MRI

Question 10

What are the types of dislocations

Answer 10

Posterior
Anterior
Central

Question 11

What are the common hip dislocation

Answer 11

Posterior

Question 12

Which nerve is affected during the hip dislocation?

Answer 12

Axillary

Question 13

Mid shaft femur

Answer 13

When there is a break in the bones of the femur

Question 14

How is fibula fracture presented?

Answer 14

Distal end
risk of fracture-dislocation in the ankle joints

Question 15

What is Gastrocnemius ?

Answer 15

Posterior Large muscles of the calf (Femoral)

Question 16

what is supracondylor femur fracture?

Answer 16

Break in the femur at the knee joint (affects the popliteal artery)

Question 17

Achillies tendon bursa

Answer 17

reduces the flexion and extension of ankle

Question 18

What happens in Achilles tendon?

Answer 18

inflammation happens after a excessive movement of Achilles tendon

Question 19

When does Achilles tendon get to rupture?

Answer 19

Quick start sports
sudden pain in posterior calf
difficult to bear the weight

Question 20

What are the main Arteries of the LL ?

Answer 20

Femoral
Popliteal
Posterior tibial
Dorsalis Pedis

Question 20

Femoral artery

Answer 20

Deep thigh muscle artery

superficial in the rest of the leg

this is where we check for the femoral pulse

Question 21

What is the diagnosis test for achillies tendon?

Answer 21

Simmond’s test

Plantar flexion of the calf and squeeze

Question 22

Where does the popliteal artery passes through

Answer 22

between the two heads of gastrocnemius

Question 23

What is Adductor canal

Answer 23

When all the arteries, veins, and nerves come together and terminate at a gap in the Adductor Mangus Muscle called Adductor Hiatus

Question 24

Where is Tarsal tunnel situated

Answer 24

Behind the media’s malleolus and covered by flexor retinaculum ligament

Question 25

Which arteries pass through tarsal tunnel

Answer 25

posterior tibial nerve, artery, vein

Question 26

What are the compartments of the leg

Answer 26

The anterior compartment contains an extensor group of muscles

Lateral Compartment contains a peroneal group of muscles

Posterior compartment contain flexor group of muscles

Question 27

What are the compartments of sole ?

Answer 27

Deep branch
Medial plantar nerve
Tibial nerve
Lateral plantar nerve

Question 28

What are the signs of acute arterial obstruction

Answer 28

Pain
Pallor
cold feet
Pulseless
paralysis
parasthesia