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Musculoskeletal Anatomy > Lower Limb > Flashcards

Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two hip flexor muscles?

A

Iliacus

Psoas major

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2
Q

What two muscles are the arrows pointing to?

A

Green = Sartorius

Other = Rectus femoris

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3
Q

What are the two secondary hip flexors?

A

Rectus femoris

Sartorius

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4
Q

Name the 5 Hip Adductor muscles

A

Adductor Brevis

Adductor Longus

Adductor Magnus

Pectineus

Gracilis

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5
Q

What is the common origin of all the hip adductor muscles?

A

Inferior pubic rami

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6
Q

What is the origin and insertion of pectineus?

A

Inferior pubic rami

Pectinal line

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7
Q

Wat is the orgin and insertion of adductors brevis, longus and magnus?

A

Origin = Inferior pubic rami

Linea aspera

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8
Q

What is the origin and insertion of gracilis?

A

Inferior pubic rami

Tibia

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9
Q

What three muscles abduct the hip?

A

Gluteus minimus

Gluteus medius

Tensor fascia lata

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10
Q

What muscle only extends the hip?

A

Gluteus maximus

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11
Q

What is the origin and insertion of gluteus maximus?

A

Posterior aspect of the ilium/sacrum

Iliotibial tract

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12
Q

What do the hamstring muscle do?

A

Extend the hip and flex the knee

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13
Q
A

WIng of the ilium

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14
Q
A

Iliac crest

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15
Q
A

ASIS

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16
Q
A

Posterior superior iliac spine

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17
Q
A

Ishcial spine

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18
Q
A

Ischial tuberosity

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19
Q
A

Obturator foramen

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20
Q
A

Body of the pubis

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21
Q
A

Superior pubic ramus

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22
Q
A

Pubic tubercle

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23
Q
A

Greater trochanter

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24
Q
A

Lesser trochanter

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25
Q
A

Gluteal tuberosity

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26
Q
A

Linea aspera

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27
Q
A

Sacrospinous ligament

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28
Q
A

Sacrotuberous ligament

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29
Q
A

Obturator membrane

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30
Q
A

Gluteus maximus

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31
Q
A

Biceps femoris

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32
Q
A

Semitendonosus

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33
Q
A

Gluteus minimus

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34
Q
A

Piriformis

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35
Q
A

Adductor Magnus

36
Q
A

Tensor fascia lata

37
Q
A

Sartorius

38
Q
A

rectus femoris

39
Q
A

Psoas major

40
Q
A

Iliacus

41
Q
A

Pectineus

42
Q
A

Adductor brevis

43
Q
A

Gracilis

44
Q
A
45
Q

What does the extensor mechanism of the knee comprise?

A

Quadriceps muscle

Quadriceps tendon

Medial retinaculum

Lateral retinaculum

Patella

Patellar tendon

Tibial tuberosity

46
Q

Name the quadriceps muscles

A

Vastus intermedialis

Rectus femoris

Vastus lateralis

Vastus medialis

47
Q

What is the common insertion of all the quadriceps muscles?

A

Pateller tendon

48
Q

What is the origin of rectus femoris?

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine

49
Q

What is the origin of vastus intermedius?

A

Anterolateral proximal femur

50
Q

What is the origin of vastus medialis?

A

Medial edge of linea aspera

Greater trochanter

51
Q

What is the origin of vastus lateralis?

A

Medial edgre of linea aspera

Lesser trochanter

52
Q

What is the origin and insertion of biceps femoris?

A

Origin: Long head: Ischial tuberosity
Short head: Linea aspera
Insertion: Fibula head

53
Q

What is the origin and insertion of semimembranosus?

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Posterior tibia

54
Q

What is the origin and insertion of semitendonosus?

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial tibia

55
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Deep peroneal nerve

56
Q

What nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Superfical peroneal nerve

57
Q

What nerve supplies the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibial nerve

58
Q

What nerve supplies the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Medial suras cutaneous nerve

59
Q

What are the border of the femoral triangle?

A

Sartorius

Ingunial ligament (laterally)

Adductr longus (medially)

60
Q

What two structures does the inguinal ligament run between?

A

ASIS and the pubic tubercle

61
Q

What is the femoral called once it travels about the inguinal canal?

A

External iliac vein

62
Q

What small branch does the femoral artery give of first, that runs medially?

A

External pudendal artery

63
Q

What small branch does the femoral artery initially given off that runs laterally?

A

Superficial circumflex iliac artery

64
Q

What two large branches does the deep femoral artery give off early in its course?

A

Medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

65
Q

What nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Obturator nerve

66
Q

What muscle supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Sciatic nerve

67
Q

What muscle supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

68
Q

What muscle on the front of the legs brings about dorsiflexion?

A

Tibialis anterior

69
Q

What three muscles on the back on the leg bring about plantar flexion?

A

Gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus

70
Q

Where doe the tendon of tibial anterior insert?

A

First cuneiform bone and the base of the first metatrasal

71
Q

Where do the medial and lateral head of gastrocnemius arise from?

A

Medial and lateral condyles of the femur

72
Q
A
73
Q

What do the tendons of gastrocnemius and soleus unite to form?

A

Calcaneal/Achilles tendon

74
Q

What vein passes over the medial malleolus?

A

The long saphenous vein

75
Q

When vein runs between the calcaneal tendon and the lateral malleolus?

A

Short saphenous vein

76
Q
A
77
Q

What artery supplies the shaft of the femur?

A

Intrameduallry artery

78
Q

What arteries supply the femoral head?

A

Medial and lateral circumflex arteries

79
Q
A
80
Q

Which way does the hip usually dislocate?

A

Posteriorly

81
Q

What nerve will be damaged in a posterior hip dislocation?

A

Sciatic

82
Q

Damage to which nerve causes foot drop?

A

Sciatic

83
Q

Which artery does the dorsalis pedis artery arise from?

A

Anterior tibial artery

84
Q

Where do you palpate for the dorsalis pedis pulse?

A

In the second webbed space on the dorsum of the foot

85
Q
A

Musculoskeletal Anatomy (2 decks)

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