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ORTHOPEDICS AND RHEUMATOLOGY > LOWER LIMB ANATOMY > Flashcards

LOWER LIMB ANATOMY Flashcards

1
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) make up the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh?

A

L2, L3

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2
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) make up the femoral nerve?

A

L2, L3, L4

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3
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) make up the obturator nerve?

A

L2, L3, L4

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4
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) make up the superior gluteal nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1

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5
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) make up the sciatic nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

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6
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) make up the inferior gluteal nerve?

A

L5, S1, S2

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7
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) make up the pudendal nerve?

A

S2, S3, S4

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8
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) make up the tibial nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

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9
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) make up the common fibular nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2

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10
Q

Which dermatome overlies the inguinal ligament?

A

L1

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11
Q

Which dermatome overlies the lateral side of the thigh?

A

L2

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12
Q

Which dermatome overlies the lower medial side of the thigh?

A

L3

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13
Q

Which dermatome overlies the medial side of the great toe?

A

L4

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14
Q

Which dermatome overlies the medial side of digit II?

A

L5

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15
Q

Which dermatome overlies the little toe?

A

S1

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16
Q

Which dermatome overlies the back of the thigh?

A

S2

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17
Q

Which dermatome overlies the gluteal fold?

A

S3

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18
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) are responsible for flexion of the hip?

A

L1, L2

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19
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) are responsible for extension of the knee?

A

L3, L4

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20
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) are responsible for flexion of the knee?

A

L5, S1, S2

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21
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) are responsible for plantar flexion of the foot?

A

S1, S2

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22
Q

Which spinal nerve(s) are responsible for adduction of the digits?

A

S2, S3

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23
Q

Where does the piriformis originate?

A

Sacrum

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24
Q

Where does the piriformis insert?

A

Greater trochanter

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25
Q

Where does the gluteus medius originate?

A

Gluteal surface of ilium

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26
Q

Where does the gluteus medius insert?

A

Greater trochanter

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27
Q

Where does the gluteus minimus originate?

A

Gluteal surface of the ilium

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28
Q

Where does the gluteus minimus insert?

A

Greater trochanter

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29
Q

Where does the tensor fasciae latae originate?

A

Iliac crest

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30
Q

Where does the tensor fasciae latae insert?

A

Iliotibial tract

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31
Q

Which nerve supplies the tensor fasciae latae, the gluteus medius and the gluteus minimum?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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32
Q

Where does the gracilis originate?

A

Ischiopubic ramus

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33
Q

Where does the gracilis insert?

A

Tibia (pes anserinus)

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34
Q

Where does the adductor magnus originate?

A

Pubis and tuberosity of the ischium

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35
Q

Where does the adductor magnus insert?

A

Femur

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36
Q

Where does the adductor longus originate?

A

Pubic body

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37
Q

Where does the adductor longus insert?

A

Middle third of linea aspera

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38
Q

Where does the adductor brevis originate?

A

Inferior ramus

Body of pubis

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39
Q

Where does the adductor brevis insert?

A

Lesser trochanter

Linea aspera

40
Q

Where does the obturator externus orginate?

A

External surface of obturator membrane and adjacent bone

41
Q

Where does the obturator externus insert?

A

Trochanteric fossa

42
Q

What nerve supplies the gracilis, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis and obturator externus?

A

Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

43
Q

Where does the psoas muscle originate?

A

Vertebral bodies T12-L5

44
Q

Where does the psoas muscle insert?

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

45
Q

Where does the iliacus originate?

A

Iliac fossa and sacrum

46
Q

Where does the iliacus insert?

A

Tendon of the psoas (so into the lesser trochanter of the femur

47
Q

Which nerve(s) supplies both the psoas and the iliacus?

A

L2, L3

48
Q

Where does the rectus femoris originate?

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine

49
Q

Where does the rectus femoris insert?

A

Patella (and ligament of patella inserts into tibial tuberositiy

50
Q

Where does the vastus lateralis originate?

A

Femur: intertrochanteric line, linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line

51
Q

Where does the vastus lateralis insert?

A

Patella (and ligament of patella inserts into tibial tuberositiy

52
Q

Where does the vastus medialis originate?

A

Femur: intertrochanteric line, linea aspera and medial supracondylar line

53
Q

Where does the vastus medialis insert?

A

Patella (and ligament of patella inserts into tibial tuberositiy

54
Q

Where does the vastus intermedius originate?

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of the femur

55
Q

Where does the vastus intermedius insert?

A

Patella (and ligament of patella inserts into tibial tuberositiy

56
Q

Which nerve supplies the rectus femurs, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius?

A

Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

57
Q

Where does the sartorius originate?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

58
Q

Where does the sartorius insert?

A

Upper medial surface of the tibia

59
Q

Where does the biceps femoris originate?

A

Long head: ischial tuberosity

Short head: lower part of linea aspera

60
Q

Where does the biceps femoris insert?

A

Head of the fibula

61
Q

Which nerve supplies the sartorius muscle?

A

Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

62
Q

Where does the semitendinosus originate?

A

Ischial tuberosity

63
Q

Where does the semitendinosus insert?

A

Medial surface of the tibia

64
Q

Where does the semimembranosus originate?

A

Ischial tuberosity

65
Q

Where does the semimembranosus insert?

A

Tibia, groove at the back of medial condyle

66
Q

Which nerve supplies the biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus?

A

Sciatic nerve (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3)

67
Q

Where does the popliteus originate?

A

Lateral condyle of the femur, inside capsule

68
Q

Where does the popliteus insert?

A

Popliteal line on posterior surface of the tibia

69
Q

Where does the gastrocnemius originate?

A

Lateral head: lateral epicondyle and lateral supracondylar line
Medial head: surface of femur above medial epicondyle

70
Q

Where does the gastrocnemius insert?

A

Calcaneus

71
Q

Where does the soleus originate?

A

Head and shaft of fibula and medial border of tibia

72
Q

Where does the soleus insert?

A

Calcaneus

73
Q

Where does the plantaris originate?

A

Lateral epicondyle of femur

74
Q

Where does the plantaris insert?

A

Calcaneus

75
Q

Where does the tibialis posterior originate?

A

Interosseus membrane, head and shaft of fibula and medial shaft of tibia

76
Q

Where does the tibialis posterior insert?

A

Tuberosity of navicular, medial cuneiform, and 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals

77
Q

Where does the flexor digitorum longus of the lower limb originate?

A

Posterior surface of the tibia

78
Q

Where does the flexor digitorum longus of the lower limb insert?

A

Distal phalanx of toes 2-5

79
Q

Where does the flexor hallucis longus originate?

A

Posterior surface of fibula

80
Q

Where does the flexor hallucis longus insert?

A

Distal phalanx of great toe

81
Q

Which nerve supplies the popliteus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus?

A

Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3)

82
Q

Where does the tibialis anterior originate?

A

Lateral surface of tibia

83
Q

Where does the tibialis anterior insert?

A

Medial cuneiform and first metatarsal

84
Q

Where does the extensor digitorum longus of the lower limb originate?

A

Anterior surface of the fibula

85
Q

Where does the extensor digitorum longus of the lower limb insert?

A

Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5

86
Q

Where does the extensor hallucis originate?

A

Anterior surface of the fibula

87
Q

Where does the extensor hallucis insert?

A

Terminal phalanx of great toe

88
Q

Where does the peroneus longus originate?

A

Lateral aspect of fibula

89
Q

Where does the peroneus longus insert?

A

Lateral aspect of medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal

90
Q

Where does the peroneus brevis originate?

A

Lateral aspect of fibula

91
Q

Where does the peroneus brevis insert?

A

5th metatarsal on the perineal tubercle

92
Q

Where does the peroneus tertius originate?

A

Anterior surface of fibula

93
Q

Where does the peroneus tertius insert?

A

5th metatarsal

94
Q

Which nerve supplies the tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis and peroneus tertius?

A

Deep peroneal nerve

95
Q

Which nerve supplies the peroneus longus and the peroneus brevis?

A

Superficial peroneal nerve

ORTHOPEDICS AND RHEUMATOLOGY (28 decks)

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