Lung Cancer Flashcards
there are primary and secondary types of lung cancer, T or F
True. and both are a major cause of death and usually largely avoidable
where does lung cancer usually met to
liver, bone, brain
what are the 4 major types of primary lung cancer
- adenocarcinomas
- squamous cell carcinoma
- large cell carcinoma
- small cell carcinoma
- and then a mixed group
what does NSCLC stand for
non small cell lung cancer
what does SCLC stand for
small cell lung cancer
what types are NSCLC
squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma
what types are SCLC
small cell carcinoma
Aetiology related to lung cancer
smoking
toxins such as asbestos
genetic predispositon
Patho for Adenocarcinomas
peripheral in origin (alveoli and bronchioles)
more common in women and non smokers
Patho of squamous cell carcinoma
arise in central bronchi (hilum where the bronchus exit and enter)
spreads to hilar nodes
more common in men
Patho of large cell carcinoma
peripheral in origin (alveoli and bronchioles)
large undifferentiated cells
metastasis easily (poor prognosis)
patho of small cell carcinoma
resembles oat grains
99% in smokers
aggressive, invasive, metastasis to the brain
diffused cells (not a mass so can’t undergo surgery)
susceptible to radiation
paraneoplastic syndromes (excessive hormone secretion - cushings and SIADH)
Manifestations of lung cancer
Central: (squamous) impairs ventialtion
- coughing, wheezing, dyspnea
All: hemoptysis (coughing of blood)
paraneoplastic syndromes
occupying lesions may cause inflammation and pain
- cardiac manifestations if pericardium is affected
pressure on pericardium may result in cardia manifestations
Diagnosis of lung cancer
Hx, Px chest x-ray US, CT, MRI bronchoscopy and biopsy cytology (sputum or bronchial wash)
Treatment of lung cancer
NSCLC: combo of radiation, chemo, surgery
SCLC: chemo and radiation (no surgery as cells are diffused)
