MA - Nervous System I Flashcards
Who was considered the ‘founding father’ of neuroscience?
Santiago Ramon y Cajal
What are the 2 main ways to image the brian?
Magnetic Resonance Imaging:
- Used to diagnose diseases
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging:
- Used to learn about connections
What was experienced in the railroads accident on Phineas Gage?
A dramatic change in personality
What are the 4 main example functions of the nervous system?
- Detects changes within and around the body
- Responds to external changes
- Recieves and interprets sensory information
- Stimulates muscle and gland
What does the CNS include?
Brain and Spinal cord
What does the PNS include?
Cranial and Spinal nerves, ganglia
What are the 3 major components of the nervous system?
- Axon- Directs stimulus away from the cell body
- Dendrites- Directs stimulus towards the cell body
- Cell body
What are the 4 Glial cells of the CNS?
1.Astrocyte- Regulate blood flow
2.Oligodendrocyte- Maintenance of myelin sheath
3.Microglia- Regulate brain development
4.Ependymal Cells- CSF homeostasis
What is the main glial cell of the PNS?
Schwann Cells
Where do cell bodies reside? Where do axons reside?
Cell bodies- Grey matter
Axons- White matter
How many sides of the cerebrum are there?
2
Left side- language and math skill
Right side- visual skills and creativity
Where does each hemisphere recieve and send impulses too?
The opposite side of the body
What are the 4 main lobes in the cerebrum?
Frontal lobe- Motor
Parietal Lobe- Sensory
Occipital Lobe- Vision
Temporal Lobe- Audiotry
What form infoldings and what form ridges of the cerebral cortex?
Sulci form infoldings
Gyri form ridges
What 2 centres are present in the Diencephalon?
- Hypothalamus
- Thalamus
