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Mac Professional English > Mac Professional Vocabulary List > Flashcards

Mac Professional Vocabulary List Flashcards

1
Q

unable to empty your bowels as often as you should (adj.)?

A

constipated (adj.)

  • I’m emotionally constipated.
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2
Q

a foreign person, usually a young woman, who lives with a family in order to learn their language and who takes care of the children or cleans the house in return for meals, a room, and a small payment (n.)?

A

au pair (n.)

  • She’s been working as an au pair.
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3
Q

Opp nocturnal (adj.)?

A

diurnal (adj.)

  • diurnal activities
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4
Q

a sudden and great increase (n.)?

A

surge (n.)

  • There has been a surge in house prices.
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5
Q

Syn: proper (adj.) & suitable (adj.)

A

apt (adj.)

  • The song was apt for the occasion.
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6
Q

covered with healthy green plants or grass (adj.)?

A

verdant (adj.)

  • green verdant countryside
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7
Q

keen (adj.)

A
  • keen eyesight: (sharp)
  • a keen gardener: (eager)
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8
Q

2 Syn hardworking (adj.)?

A
  • an “assiduous” student
  • a “diligent” soccer player
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9
Q

Syn talented (adj.)?

A

apt (adj.)

  • an apt student
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10
Q

the quality of working carefully and with a lot of effort (n.)?

A

diligence (n.)

  • Her diligence was noticed at work.
  • Few party members challenge his diligence as an MP.
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11
Q

2 Syn proper or suitable (adj.)?

A

fitting (adj.)
apt (adj.)

  • a fitting reward
  • an apt description
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12
Q

Syn unknown (adj.)?

A

obscure (adj.)

  • an obscure actor
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13
Q

the unpleasant or severe conditions of something (n.)?

A

rigor (n.)

  • the rigors of harsh winter
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14
Q

Syn hide (v.) or cover (v.)?

A

obscure (v.)

  • Gray clouds obscured the sun.
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15
Q

Ex plough (v.)?

A
  • Uncle Vic ploughed his garden.
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16
Q

Syn get together (v.)?

A

congregate (v.)

  • A crowd congregated around City Hall.
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17
Q

Syn sharpen (v.) ?

A

hone (v.)

  • hone your skills
  • hone a blade
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18
Q

Opp diurnal (adj.)?

A

nocturnal (adj.)

  • Most bats are nocturnal.
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19
Q

a small bird with curved, pointed wings that can fly very fast (n.)

A

swift (n.)

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20
Q

a count for official purposes, especially one to count the number of people living in a country and to collect information about them (n.)

A

census (n.)

  • We have a census in this country every ten years.
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21
Q

very bad (adj.) ?

A

appalling (adj.)

  • appalling conditions
  • The cat suffered appalling injuries during the attack.
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22
Q

to kill a large number of something, or to reduce something severely (v.)?

A

decimate (v.)

  • Populations of endangered animals have been decimated.
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23
Q

thinking in a quiet way, often with a serious expression on your face (adj.)?

A

pensive (adj.)

  • She became withdrawn and pensive, hardly speaking to anyone.
  • He gazed pensively out the window.
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24
Q

Ex even so?

A
  • I had a terrible headache, but even so, I went to the concert.
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25
Q

used to emphasize how very great, important, or powerful a quality or feeling is; nothing except (adj.)?

A

sheer (adj.)

  • It was sheer coincidence that we met.
  • sheer nonsense
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26
Q

to do harm to or punish the person responsible for something bad done to you or your family or friends in order to achieve a fair situation (v.)?

Syn: take revenge (v.)

A

avenge (v.)

  • He swore he would avenge his brother’s death.
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27
Q

to steal goods violently from a place, especially during a war (v.)?

Syn: despoil (v.), loot (v.), plunder (v.)

A

pillage (n.)

  • Works of art were pillaged from many countries.
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28
Q

large and with a lot of space (adj.)?

A

spacious (adj.)

  • spacious/airy room
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29
Q

overlook (v.)

A
  • The room overlooks a garden.

Meaning: از بالا دید داشتن

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30
Q

(usually of large numbers of people during a violent event) to steal from shops and houses (v.)?

Syn for plunder (v.)?

A

loot (v.)

  • desperate residents looted shops for food and water.

Meaning: غارت کردن/ به غنیمت گرفتن از دشمن

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31
Q

strong and sincere beliefs (n.)?

F___

A

fervor (n.)

  • nationalist fervor
  • religious fervor
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32
Q

a small black and white sea bird with long, pointed wings and a divided tail (n.)

A

tern (n.)

درنا

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33
Q

a device designed to bind or constrict or to press two or more parts (n.)?

A

clamp (n.)

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34
Q

calm and peaceful and without noise, violence, worry (adj.)

Syn: peaceful (adj.)/serene (adj.)

A

tranquil (adj.)

  • tranquil surface of the water
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35
Q

a group of ships/planes, or all of the ships/planes in a country/army (n.)?

A

fleet (n.)

  • a fleet of 100 vessels
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36
Q

very noticeable or attracting attention, often in a way that is not wanted (adj.)?

A

conspicuous (adj.)

  • In China, her blonde hair was conspicuous.
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37
Q

an object made to resemble a human figure, set up to scare birds away from a field where crops are growing (n.)?

A

scarecrow (n.)

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38
Q

to stop something from happening or someone from doing something (v.)?

Syn: foil (v.)

A

thwart (v.)

  • The city council thwarted his reform efforts.
  • Our holiday plans were thwarted by the airline pilots’ strike
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39
Q

to prevent someone or something from being successful (v.)?

Syn: thwart (v.)

A

foil (v.)

  • a brave policewoman foiled the armed robbery.
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40
Q

Syn popular / in fashion (adj.)?

A

in vogue (adj.)

  • Bowling has come back in Vogue.
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41
Q

small pieces of metal that fly through the air when a bomb or similar weapon explodes and are intended to injure people (n.)?

A

shrapnel (n.)

  • Twelve people were hit by shrapnel in the attack.
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42
Q

the ability to move your body quickly and easily (n.)?

A

agility (n.)

  • This job requires considerable mental agility.
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43
Q

a vehicle for moving a baby around that consists of a small bed supported by a frame on four wheels (n.)?

A

pram (n.)

  • I saw her pushing a pram down the street.
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44
Q

showing no fear of dangerous or difficult things (adj.)

Syn: brave

A

gallant (adj.)

  • That wasn’t very gallant of you, pushing a young lady out of the way like that!
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45
Q

to lean or lie back with the upper part of your body in a nearly horizontal position (v.)?

Syn: lean (v.)

A

recline (v.)

  • He reclined his head against/on my shoulder.
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46
Q

sinister (adj.)

A
  • A sinister-looking man sat in the corner of the room.
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47
Q

to move your hand or head in a way that tells someone to come nearer (v.)?

A

beckon (v.)

  • The customs official beckoned the woman to his counter.
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48
Q

venture (n.)

A
  • a joint venture

شرکت سرمایه گذاری

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49
Q

to talk about or look at someone or something in an unkind way that shows you do not respect or approve of him, her, or it (v.)?

A

sneer (v.)

  • “Is that the best you can do?” he sneered.
  • You may sneer, but a lot of people like this kind of music.
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50
Q

(of a plant) to become weak and begin to bend towards the ground, or (of a person) to become weaker, tired, or less confident (v.)?

A

wilt (v.)

  • Cut flowers will soon wilt without water.
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51
Q

a rigid or flexible device that maintains in position a displaced or movable part (n.)?

A

splint (n.)

  • The doctor put a splint on the arm.
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52
Q

occurring at irregular intervals; not continuous or steady (adj.)?

Syn: sporadic

A

intermittent (adj.)

  • intermittent rain
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53
Q

rescue (a wrecked or disabled ship or its cargo) from loss at sea (v.)?

A

salvage (v.)

  • a gold cross was salvaged from the wreck.
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54
Q

be much better than (someone) in a particular area (v.)?

A

outshine (v.)

  • Ben Palmer easily outshone his rivals in the 200 meter freestyle.
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55
Q

to happen after something else, especially as a result of it (v.)?

A

ensue (v.)

  • Boy meets girl, and romantic complications ensue.
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56
Q

very thin, or easily broken or destroyed (adj.)?

A

flimsy (adj.)

  • a flimsy cardboard box
  • We spent the night in a flimsy wooden hut.

زپرتی و پیزوری

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57
Q

to push forward or move something somewhere, often with a lot of force (v.)?

A

propel (v.)

  • The film propelled him to international stardom.
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58
Q

complete, often describing something bad or unsuccessful that has no good or positive points (adj.)?

A

unmitigated (adj.)

  • unmitigated disaster
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59
Q

steal or violently remove valuable possessions from(v.)?

Syn: plunder (v.), pillage (v.), loot (v.)

A

despoil (v.)

  • Many of the tombs had been despoiled.
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60
Q

prevent the occurrence of (v.)?

A

deter (v.)

  • These measures are designed to deter an enemy attack.
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61
Q

extremely careful and correct, and involving a lot of effort (adj.)?

A

painstaking (adj.)

  • It took months of painstaking research to write the book.
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62
Q

to publicly support or suggest an idea (v.)?

A

advocate (v.)

  • He advocates the return of capital punishment.
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63
Q

having fallen to the bottom of the sea (adj.)?

A

sunken (adj.)

  • a sunken ship
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64
Q

the body or frame of a ship, most of which goes under the water (n.)?

A

hull (n.)

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65
Q

an important positive development (n.)?

Syn: step (n.)

A

stride (n.)

  • The West made impressive strides in improving energy efficiency after the huge rises in oil prices during the 70s.
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66
Q

competition between people within a group (n.)?

A

infighting (n.)

  • Years of infighting among the leaders have destroyed the party.
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67
Q

a large insect found in hot areas that flies in large groups and destroys plants and crops (n.)?

A

locust (n.)

  • a swarm of locusts
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68
Q

to see, recognize, or understand something that is not clear (v.)?

A

discern (v.)

  • It is difficult to discern any pattern in these figures.

Syn: distinguish (v.), spot (v.), recognize (v.)

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69
Q

believing that people are only interested in themselves and are not sincere (adj.)?

A

cynical (adj.)

  • She has a cynical view of men.

بدبین و منفی نگر

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70
Q

something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits (n.)?

A

constraint (n.)

  • Financial constraints on the company are preventing them from employing new staff.
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71
Q

ways of illegally paying less tax than you should (n.)?

A

tax evasion (n.)

  • He was arrested in October on charges of tax evasion and fraud.
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72
Q

to control or limit something that is not wanted (v.)?
Hint (4-letter word)

A

curb(v.)

  • The government should act to curb tax evasion.
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73
Q

to take a machine apart or to come apart into separate pieces (v.)?

A

dismantle (v.)

*She dismantled the washing machine to see what the problem was, but couldn’t put it back together again.

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74
Q

a type of melon (= large fruit with a thick skin) that is round and has yellow or green skin and sweet orange flesh (n.)?

A

cantaloupe (n.)

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75
Q

one of the two round, low areas on each side of the nose that contain the eyes (n.)?

A

eye socket (n.)

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76
Q

to draw pictures or patterns while thinking about something else or when you are bored (v.) (n.)?

A

doodle (v.) (n.)

  • She’d doodled all over her textbooks.
  • The textbooks had been defaced by doodles.
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77
Q

the practice of a person who eats human flesh, or the behavior of an animal that eats others of its own type (n.)?

A

cannibalism (n.)

  • The paper describes a Stone Age tribe that practiced ritual cannibalism.
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78
Q

The crime of killing a child (n.)?

A

infanticide (n.)

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79
Q

living for a long time (n.)?

A

longevity (n.)

  • He attributed his longevity to exercise and a healthy diet.
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80
Q

(especially in religion or law) to free someone from guilt, blame, or responsibility for something (v.)?

A

absolve (v.)

*He was absolved of all his sins.

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81
Q

great danger (n.)

A

peril (n.)

  • My life was in peril.
  • The perils of unsafe sex.
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82
Q

If a part of your body is __(n.)?__, you are unable to feel it, usually for a short time (adj.)?

A

numb (adj.)

  • I was lying in a weird position and my leg went numb.
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83
Q

a period of time for which an activity or condition lasts continuously (n.)?

A

spell (n.)

  • I lived in Cairo for a spell.
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84
Q

to take a long time to leave or disappear (v.)?

A

linger (v.)

  • After the play had finished, we lingered for a while in the bar hoping to catch sight of the actors.
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85
Q

to wait or move in a secret way so that you cannot be seen, especially because you are about to attack someone or do something wrong (v.)?

Syn: hide (v.)

A

lurk (v.)

  • Someone was lurking in the shadows.
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86
Q

(a part of) the profit of a company that is paid to the people who own shares in it (n.)?

A

dividend (n.)

  • Dividends will be sent to shareholders.
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87
Q

to make something more beautiful by adding something to it (v.)?

A

embellish (v.)

  • The ceiling was embellished with flowers and leaves.
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88
Q

the quality of being peaceful and calm (n.)?

A

serenity (n.)

  • I admired her serenity in the midst of so much chaos.
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89
Q

to stop something unwanted from spreading or increasing (v.)?

Syn: stop (v.)

A

stem (v.)

  • These measures are designed to stem the rise of violent crime.
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90
Q

an organized plan for doing something, especially something dishonest or illegal that will bring a good result for you (n.)?

Syn: plan (n.)

A

Scheme (n.)

  • He has a crazy scheme for getting rich before he’s 20.
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91
Q

___(adj.)____ things have moved apart from similar things and are not in their expected or intended place (adj.)?

A

stray (adj.)

  • stray pieces of information

پراکنده

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92
Q

to criticize or speak in an angry manner to someone (v.)?

Syn: reprimand (v.), rebuke (v.), scold (v.)

A

berate (v.)

  • Doctors are often berated for being poor communicators, particularly when they have to give patients bad news.

سرزنش کردن

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93
Q

to express to someone your strong official disapproval of them (v.)?

Syn: rebuke (v.), berate (v.)

A

reprimand (v.)

  • She was reprimanded by her teacher for biting another girl.

سرزنش کردن

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94
Q

When water or glass __(v.)?__ light, it causes it to change direction or to separate when it travels through it (v.)?

A

refract (v.)

  • The rays of light are refracted.
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95
Q

to fill something up again (v.)?

A

replenish (v.)

  • Food stocks were replenished by/with imports from abroad.
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96
Q

a serious disease that kills many people. A very infectious disease caused by bacteria spread mainly by fleas on rats, that causes swelling, fever, and usually death in humans (n.)?

A

plague (n.)

طاعون

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97
Q

to speak angrily to someone because you disapprove of what they have said or done (v.)?

Syn: blame (v.)

A

rebuke (v.)

  • I was rebuked by my manager for being late.
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98
Q

Syn basic & elementary (adj.)?

A

rudimentary (adj.)

  • Her knowledge is still only rudimentary.
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99
Q

something that happened or existed before another thing, especially if it either developed into it or had an influence on it (n.)?

A

precursor (n.)

  • Biological research has often been a precursor to medical breakthroughs.
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100
Q

the action of making something narrower by pressure or of becoming narrower; tightening (n.)?

A

constriction (n.)

  • Asthma is a constriction of the airways.
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101
Q

very unpleasant or rude (adj.)?

O—-

A

obnoxious (adj.)

  • When she’s in a bad mood she’s obnoxious to everyone.
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102
Q

severe, or showing disapproval (adj.)?

S—-

A

stern (adj.)

  • She is her own sternest critic.

جدی، تلخ و گزنده

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103
Q

a large number of things that are unpleasant or likely to cause damage?

P—–

A

a plague of something

  • a plague of insects
  • Computer users all over the world faced a plague of viruses.
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104
Q

to speak to someone angrily because you disapprove of their behavior (v.)?

Syn: berate(v.), rebuke (v.), blame (v.)

S—–

A

scold (v.)

  • His mother scolded him for breaking her favorite vase.
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105
Q

to (cause power or responsibility to) be given to other people (v.)?

A

devolve (v.)

  • To be a good manager, you must devolve responsibility downwards.

تفویض کردن

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106
Q

a transparent glass or plastic object that separates white light that passes through it into different colors (n.)?

A

prism (n.)

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107
Q

the state of not being known to many people (n.)?

A

obscurity (n.)

  • obscurity Vs. recognition
  • He was briefly famous in his twenties but then sank into obscurity.
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108
Q

to block a road, passage, entrance, etc. so that nothing can go along it, or to prevent something from happening correctly by putting difficulties in its way (v.)?

A

obstruct (v.)

  • After the earthquake many roads were obstructed by collapsed buildings.
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109
Q

a person who speaks publicly in support of a particular idea or plan of action (n.)?

Syn: advocate (n.)

A

proponent (n.)

  • He is one of the leading proponents of capital punishment.
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110
Q

food or any other substance or material that is grown or obtained through farming (n.)?

A

produce (n.)

  • Tomatoes and other produce
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111
Q

to take care of a person, or an animal or plant, until they are completely grown:

A

raise (v.)

The farmer raises (= breeds) chickens and pigs.

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112
Q

the fact that someone likes something or likes to do something, especially something considered morally wrong (n.)?

Syn: tendency

A

proclivity (n.)

  • the sexual proclivities of celebrities
  • his proclivity for shapely blondes

تمایل

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113
Q

If an event or series of events ____(v.)?_______ in something, it ends with it, having developed until it reaches this point:

A

culminate (v.)

  • My arguments with the boss got worse and worse, and finally culminated in my resignation.

منتج شدن

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114
Q

to give attention to or deal with a matter or problem (v.)?

A

address (v.)

  • The issue of funding has yet to be addressed.
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115
Q

a way of achieving something, or a method for dealing with a situation (n.)?

Syn: action (n.)

A

measure (n.)

  • What further measures can we take to avoid terrorism?
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116
Q

(especially of children) showing mental development or achievement much earlier than usual (adj.)?

A

precocious (adj.)

  • A precocious child, she went to university at the age of 15.
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117
Q

a bone that curves round from your back to your chest (n.)

A

rib (n.)

  • rib cage
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118
Q

one of the tooth-like parts around the edge of a wheel in a machine that fits between those of a similar wheel, causing both wheels to move (n.)?

A

cog (n.)

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119
Q

a student studying in the second year of a course at a US college or high school (n.)?

A

sophomore (n.)

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120
Q

to push a pole with a wide end through the water in order to make a boat move (v.)?

A

paddle (v.)

  • We rolled up our trousers and paddled along the seashore.
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121
Q

still continuing to do something or enthusiastic about doing it despite a bad situation (adj.)?

A

undeterred (adj.)

  • We must never compromise, we must be undeterred, we must never let anything get in our way.

خستگی ناپذیر/ مصمم

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122
Q

to steal goods violently from a place, especially during a war (v.)?

A

plunder (v.)

  • After the president fled the country, the palace was plundered by soldiers.

غارت کردن

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123
Q

If you take situations or people ____?_____, you do not realize or show that you are grateful for how much you get from them:

A

take for granted

  • One of the problems with relationships is that after a while you just take each other for granted.
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124
Q

someone who publicly supports or recommends an idea, a policy, etc. (n.)?

A

advocate (n.)

  • He’s a strong advocate of state ownership of the railways.
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125
Q

a safe or peaceful place (n.)?

A

haven (n.)

  • The garden was a haven from the noise and bustle of the city.
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126
Q

a written or spoken description or record of an event (n.)?

Syn: report (n.)

A

account (n.)

  • Accounts of what really happened vary.
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127
Q

carrying or holding a lot of something (adj.)?

A

laden (adj.)

  • an overladen ship

*a tree laden with apples

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128
Q

If something is _______, everyone agrees about it (adj.)?

A

undisputed (adj.)

  • an undisputed fact
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129
Q

to cause something to begin (v.)?

A

initiate (v.)

  • Who initiated the violence?
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130
Q

to save goods from damage or destruction, especially from a ship that has sunk or been damaged or a building that has been damaged by fire or a flood (v.)?

A

salvage (v.)

  • gold coins salvaged from a shipwreck
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131
Q

to try to make a bad situation better (v.)?

A

salvage (v.)

  • It was a desperate attempt to salvage the situation.
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132
Q

to organize and begin an activity or event (v.)?

Syn: organize (v.)

A

mount (v.)

  • They mounted a salvage operation.

ترتیب دادن

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133
Q

to examine something very carefully in order to discover information (v.)?

A

scrutinize (v.)

  • He scrutinized the men’s faces carefully.
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134
Q

ending or stopping (n.)

A

cessation (n.)

  • Religious leaders have called for a total cessation of the bombing campaign.
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135
Q

relating to the period of time immediately after a baby has been born (adj.)?

A

postnatal (adj.)

*postnatal depression

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136
Q

to cause worry, pain, or difficulty to someone or something over a period of time (v.)?

Syn: annoy (v.), bother (v.)

A

plague (v.)

  • The children plagued him with questions all through lunch.
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137
Q

When people or insects ___(v.)?___ somewhere, they move there in a large group or in large numbers (v.)?

A

swarm (v.)

  • During the summer, tourists swarm the little beachside town.
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138
Q

the land and buildings owned by someone, especially by a company or organization (n.)?

A

premises (n.)

  • There is no smoking allowed anywhere on school premises.

محوطه/محدوده

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139
Q

Something that is ____(adj.)?_____ shows signs that it is going to be successful or enjoyable.

A

promising (adj.)

  • a promising student
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140
Q

perfectly tidy and well arranged (phrase)?

A

just so/ perfectly so (adj.)

  • Everything was just so.
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141
Q

a trick that is intended to be funny but not to cause harm or damage (n.)?

A

prank (n.)

  • When I was at school we were always playing pranks on our teachers.
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142
Q

not forming a straight line, or having many bends (adj.)?

A

crooked (adj.)

  • a crooked picture on the wall
  • crooked teeth
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143
Q

an area surrounded by a fence for keeping horses or cattle in, especially in North America (n.)?

A

corral (n.)

طویله

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144
Q

a tower above an oil well that supports the drill (n.)?

A

Oil Derrick (n.)

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145
Q

to influence someone to behave or think in a particular way or to have a particular condition (v.)?

A

predispose (v.)

  • Lack of exercise may predispose people to high blood pressure.

در معرض قرار دادن

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146
Q

the curved path that an object follows after it has been thrown or shot into the air (n.)?

A

trajectory

  • a bullet’s trajectory
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147
Q

a short and sudden fight, especially one involving a small number of people (n.)?

A

scuffle (n.)

  • There were minor scuffles with police.
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148
Q

to put a feeling, idea, or principle gradually into someone’s mind, so that it has a strong influence on the way that person thinks or behaves (v.)?

A

instill (v.)

  • instill shame in girls
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149
Q

old and in poor condition (adj.)?

A

dilapidated (adj.)

  • The hotel we stayed in was really dilapidated.
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150
Q

strong and healthy and unlikely to break or fail (adj.)?

A

robust (adj.)

  • He looks robust and healthy enough.
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151
Q

to move horses or cattle into a corral/ to bring a group of people together and keep them in one place, especially in order to control them (v.)?

A

corral (v.)

  • Police corralled most of the demonstrators in a small area near the station.
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152
Q

small in numbers or amount, often spread over a large area (adj.)?

A

sparse (adj.)

  • a sparse beard
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153
Q

(of a drug) reducing pain without curing the cause of the pain/ making a problem seem less serious but not solving it (adj.)?

A

palliative (adj.)?

  • short-term, palliative measures
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154
Q

careful to look at or consider every part of something to make certain it is correct or safe (adj.)?

Syn: meticulous (adj.)/ thorough (adj.)

A

rigorous (adj.)

  • rigorous standards
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155
Q

(of an action) done quickly and without delay, or (of a person) acting quickly or arriving at the arranged time (adj.)?

A

prompt (adj.)

  • Try to be prompt because we’ll be very short of time.
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156
Q

to do something unexpected that surprises and sometimes worries a person or animal (v.)?

A

startle (v.)

  • The noise of the car startled the birds and the whole flock flew up into the air.
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157
Q

surprising and sometimes worrying (adj.)?

A

startling (adj.)

  • startling results
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158
Q

When birds ____(v.)?____, they go somewhere to rest or sleep?

A

roost (v.)

Birds nest, roost, and hunt in large flocks.

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159
Q

an untidy and confused mixture of things, feelings, or ideas (n.)?

A

jumble (v.)

  • a jumble of thoughts

ملغمه

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160
Q

a piece of rock or other matter from space that has landed on earth (n.)?

A

meteorite (n.)

  • Meteorites striking land usually vaporize instantly.
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161
Q

to spend time considering a possible future action, or to consider one particular thing for a long time in a serious and quiet way (v.)?

A

contemplate (v.)

  • They were contemplating a move to California.
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162
Q

any of the various ways in which a set of things can be ordered (n.)?

A

permutation (n.)

  • There are 120 permutations of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5: for example, 1, 3, 2, 4, 5 or 5, 1, 4, 2, 3.
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163
Q

in a way that makes you not able to feel something, either physically or emotionally (adj.)?

A

numbingly (adj.)

  • The water was numbingly cold once the sun had gone down.
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164
Q

boring, ordinary, and not original (adj.)?

A

banal (adj.)

  • banal pop songs
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165
Q

skill in making correct decisions and judgments in a particular subject, such as business or politics (adj.)?

A

acumen (adj.)

  • She has considerable business/financial acumen.

فراست

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166
Q

a rough and sometimes violent man/animal (n.)?

A

brute (n.)

  • Take your hands off me, you brute!
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167
Q

a belief or idea (n.)?

A

notion (n.)

  • I have only a vague notion of what she does for a living.
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168
Q

officially having the named position (adj.)?

A

incumbent (adj.)

  • The incumbent president faces problems which began many years before he took office.
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169
Q

in an extreme and unreasonable way (adv.)?

A

rabidly (adv.)

  • He rabidly opposes feminism.

متعصبانه

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170
Q

evil (n.)?

A

turpitude (n.)

  • moral turpitude

پستی/ دنائت

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171
Q

to support or improve something or make it stronger (v.)?

A

bolster (v.)

  • More money is needed to bolster the industry.
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172
Q

to show someone where they should go, or to make someone go where you want them to go (v.)?

A

usher (v.)

  • She ushered us into her office and offered us coffee.
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173
Q

particularly good, skillful, or effective (adj.)?

A

nifty (adj.)

  • a nifty piece of work/footwork
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174
Q

a short period of doing a particular activity much more than is usual (n.)?

A

spree (n.)

  • coding spree
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175
Q

Sometimes taboo words are written with asterisks to avoid causing offence (n.)?

A

asterisk (n.)

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176
Q

awkward because of being large, heavy, or not effective (adj.)?

A

cumbersome (adj.)

  • cumbersome equipment
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177
Q

Opp priority (n.) ?

A

posteriority (n.)

  • The idea of priority and posteriority between the actions in a series is missing.
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178
Q

to remove fears, doubts, and false ideas, usually by proving them wrong or unnecessary (v.)?

A

dispel (v.)

  • We need to dispel the myths and establish real facts.
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179
Q

not easy to find or get (adj.)?

A

scarce (adj.)

  • Food and clean water were becoming scarce.
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180
Q

short and clear, expressing what needs to be said without unnecessary words (adj.)?

A

concise (adj.)

  • Make your answers clear and concise.
181
Q

to take away an amount or part from a total (v.)?

A

deduct (v.)

  • The company deducts $31.93 each week from my salary for health insurance.
182
Q

clearly separate or different in shape or form (adj.)?

Syn independent (adj.)/ separate (adj.)

A

discrete (adj.)

  • This area has four discrete neighborhoods centered around a school.

کاملا مشخص و مجزا

183
Q

to find faults in details that are not important (v.)?

A

nitpick (v.)

  • You’re always nitpicking - it’s so annoying!
184
Q

an official statement that something must happen (n.)?

A

decree (n.)

  • More than 200 people were freed by military decree.

فرمان

185
Q

anger about a situation that you think is wrong or not fair (n.)?

A

indignation (n.)

  • the letter filled Lucy with indignation.
186
Q

happening sometimes; not regular or continuous (adj.)?

Syn: occasional

A

sporadic (adj.)

  • sporadic gunfire
187
Q

to go down to a lower level (v.)?

A

dip (v.)

  • The sun dipped below the horizon.
188
Q

the fact that an animal hunts, kills, and eats other animals (n.)?

A

predation (n.)

  • the old story of male predation and female vulnerability
189
Q

causing trouble and therefore stopping something from continuing as usual (adj.)?

A

disruptive (adj.)

His teacher described him as a noisy, disruptive influence in class.

PHRASE:
“disruptive influence”

190
Q

to make someone feel healthier, and more energetic again (v.)?

A

reinvigorate (v.)

  • Lower interest rates could reinvigorate consumer spending and the struggling housing market.
191
Q

someone who makes objects from gold (n.)?

A

goldsmith (n.)

192
Q

____(adj.)?_____ buildings or places are not cared for and are in bad condition (adj.)?

Syn: dilapidated (adj.)

A

derelict (adj.)

  • a derelict site
193
Q

a person who has no home or money and often lives outside (n.)?

A

derelict (n.)

  • There are many derelicts among the young people.
194
Q

the most successful or popular period of someone or something (n.)?

A

heyday (n.)

  • In their heyday, they sold many records.
195
Q

having a loud and high sound that is unpleasant or painful to listen to (adj.)?

A

shrill (adj.)

  • She had a shrill high-pitched voice.
196
Q

based on feelings rather than facts or proof (adj.)?

A

intuitive (adj.)

  • Most people have an intuitive sense of right and wrong.
197
Q

sad and without hope (adj.)?

A

dismal (adj.)

  • the dismal weather made the late afternoon seem like evening

غمگین و گرفته

198
Q

lacking vegetation/
charmless and inhospitable (adj.)?

A

bleak (adj.)?

  • The house stands on a bleak, windswept hilltop.
199
Q

more than is needed (n.)?

A

surplus (n.)

  • The world is now producing large food surpluses.
200
Q

a large building for storing things before they are sold, used, or sent out to shops (n.)?

A

warehouse (n.)

  • The goods have been sitting in a warehouse for months because a strike has prevented distribution.
201
Q

disorderly and disruptive and not amenable to discipline or control (adj.)?

A

unruly (adj.)

  • a group of unruly children
202
Q

willing to accept or be influenced by a suggestion (adj.)?

A

amenable (adj.)

  • Do you think the new manager will prove more amenable to our proposals?

پذیرا

203
Q

quiet and easy to influence, persuade, or control (adj.)?

Syn: obedient (adj)

A

docile (adj.)

  • The once docile population has finally risen up against the ruthless regime.
204
Q

able to cause or causing death; extremely dangerous (adj.)?

A

lethal (adj.)

  • Three minutes after the fire started, the house was full of lethal fumes.
205
Q

a noisy, rough, uncontrolled fight (n.)?

Syn: scuffle (n.)

A

brawl (n.)

  • a drunken brawl
206
Q

having a natural ability to do something that needs skill:

Syn: expert (adj.)/ good (adj.)/ proficient (adj.)

A

adept (adj.)

  • She’s very adept at dealing with the media.
207
Q

to (cause to) stop moving or doing something or happening (v.)?

A

halt (v.)

  • Security forces halted the demonstrators by blocking the road.
208
Q

to suggest, without being direct, that something unpleasant is true (v.)?

A

insinuate (v.)

  • Are you insinuating (that) I’m losing my nerve?
209
Q

something that is said or written that is intended to make you think of a particular thing or person (n.)?

A

allusion (n.)

  • The film is full of allusions to Hitchcock.

تلمیح

210
Q

containing a lot of allusions (adj.)?

A

allusive (adj.)

  • Her music is witty, ironic, and allusive.
211
Q

showing a child’s pleasure in enjoying yourself and making trouble (adj.)?

A

impish (adj.)

  • At 70, he still retains his impish grin.
212
Q

a wide smile (n.)?

A

grin (n.)

  • I assumed things had gone well for him because he had a big grin on his face.
213
Q

phrase meaning a long time ago or a long time from now ?

A

in the distant past
in the distant future

  • This all happened in the distant past.
  • The story is set in the distant future.
214
Q

strong belief in a religion that is shown in the way someone lives (n.)?

A

piety (n.)

  • acts of piety and charity

تقوا و خداترسی

215
Q

something that certain people are able or allowed to do or have, but is not possible or allowed for everyone (n.)?

A

prerogative (n.)

  • Alex makes all the big decisions - that’s his prerogative as company director.

امتیاز ویژه/ حق انحصاری

216
Q

many and of several different types (adj.)?

A

manifold (adj.)

  • Despite her manifold faults, she was a strong leader.
217
Q

a large pile of something (n.)?

A

mound (n.)

  • a mound of potatoes/papers
  • grave mound
218
Q

a set of fixed words and actions, often said and done as part of a religious ceremony (n.)?

A

rite (n.)

  • the marriage rite
219
Q

the idea that parents, grandparents, and older people should be treated with honor and respect?

A

filial piety

  • She believes in the importance of traditional values such as filial piety and family responsibility.
220
Q

to make an illegal copy of something in order to deceive (v.)?

A

forge (v.)

  • a forged passport
  • forged works of art
221
Q

to prepare and use land for growing crops (v.)?

A

till (v.)

  • This piece of land has been tilled for hundreds of years.
222
Q

able to work as intended or able to succeed (adj.)?

A

viable (adj.)

  • I am afraid your plan is not viable.

شدنی

223
Q

able to float (adj.)?

A

buoyant (adj.)

  • Cork is light and buoyant.
224
Q

a long, thin line, mark, or strip of color (n.)?

A

striation (n.)

  • What has caused the striations in this rock?
225
Q

a group of people who sing together (n.)?

A

choir (n.)

  • He sings in the church choir.
226
Q

Ex using nevertheless

Syn: however, yet

A
  • I knew a lot about the subject already, but her talk was interesting nevertheless.
  • The building is guarded around the clock, but robberies occur nevertheless.
227
Q

willing to do what other people want you to do (adj.)?

Syn: amenable (adj.)/docile (adj.)

A

compliant (adj.)

  • a compliant child
228
Q

the only person or thing of a particular type (adj.)?

A

one of a kind

  • In the world of ballet, she was one of a kind.
  • one-of-a-kind piece of art
229
Q

to express firmly your belief that something is true (v.)?

A

maintain (v.)

  • He maintains that he has never seen the woman before.
230
Q

to accept, admit, or recognize something, or the truth or existence of something (v.)?

Syn: confess (v.)/ admit (v.)

A

acknowledge (v.)

  • He acknowledged that there are difficulties.
231
Q

an official statement of what a person has decided should be done with their money and property after their death (n.)?

A

will (.)

  • Have you made a will yet?
232
Q

no longer alive, esp. having recently died (adj.)?

A

late (adj.)

  • your late grandmother
233
Q

Opp of constructive (adj.)?

A

destructive (adj.)

  • destructive criticism
234
Q

to help someone, especially an actor, to remember what they were going to say or do (v.)?

A

prompt (v.)

  • I forgot my line and had to be prompted.
235
Q

learning something in order to be able to repeat it from memory, rather than in order to understand it (n.)?

A

rote learning (n.)

  • Eventually they abandoned their old system of rote learning.
236
Q

to take an exam (v.)?

A

sit an exam

  • After I’ve sat my exams, I’m going on holiday.
237
Q

an untidy pile or mass of things (n.)?

A

heap (n.)

  • a heap of clothes
238
Q

to remember officially and give respect to a great person or event, especially by a public ceremony or by making a statue or special building (v.)?

A

commemorate (v.)

  • we commemorate those who lost their lives in the war.
239
Q

to (cause to) move into a sloping position (v.)?

A

tilt (v.)

  • He tilted his chair backwards and put his feet up on his desk.
240
Q

a long structure sticking out from the land over the sea, where people can walk or large boats can be tied, sometimes with restaurants and places of entertainment on it (n.)?

A

pier (n.)

  • a fishing pier
241
Q

to form a particular thing, amount, or number as a whole (v.)?

A

make up (v.)

  • The book is made up of a number of different articles.
242
Q

to go past something by being a greater amount or degree (v.)?

A

overtake (v.)

  • Our US sales have now overtaken our sales in Europe.
243
Q

a person who is related to you and who lives after you, such as your child or grandchild (n.)?

A

descendant (n.)

  • They claim to be descendants of a French duke.
244
Q

a metal bar on a door or window that slides across to lock it closed (n.)?

a screw-like metal object without a point, used with a nut to fasten things together (n.)?

A

bolt (n.)

  • I closed the window and drew the bolt (= slid the bolt across).
245
Q

a small piece of metal with a hole in it through which you put a bolt (n.)?

A

nut (n.)

246
Q

Ex using dock (v.)?

A
  • If a ship docks, it arrives at a dock and if someone docks a ship, they bring it into a dock:
247
Q

a long structure built over water where passengers can get on or off a boat or where goods can be put on and taken off (n.)?

Syn: pier (n.)

A

dock (n.)

  • We are currently in dock waiting to disembark.
248
Q

to leave a ship, aircraft, etc. after a journey (v.)?

A

disembark (v.)

    • We are currently in dock waiting to disembark.
249
Q

causing harm or damage (adj.)?

Syn: harmful (adj.)

A

deleterious (adj.)

  • Divorce is assumed to have deleterious effects on children.
250
Q

to make or do something again in exactly the same way (v.)?

A

replicate (v.)

  • Researchers tried many times to replicate the original experiment.
251
Q

to consider or have an opinion about something or someone (v.)?

A

regard (v.)

  • She was regarded as the smartest child.
252
Q

to spread a liquid or a thick substance over a surface (v.)?

A

smear (v.)

  • The children had smeared peanut butter all over the sofa.
253
Q

a young bird that has not yet learned to fly and still lives in the nest built by its parents (n.)?

A

nestling (n.)

254
Q

to hate something very much (v.)?
Syn: abhor (v.), detest (v.), loathe (v.), despise (v.)

A

abominate (v.)

  • He abominates cruelty of all kinds.
255
Q

the act of passing the contents of the bowels out of the body (n.)?

A

defecation (n.)

  • Normal defecation frequency varies from three times a day to three times a week.
256
Q

to have someone’s attention completely so that they cannot think of anything else (v.)?

Syn: hypnotize (v.)

A

mesmerize (v.)

*I was completely mesmerized by the performance.

257
Q

very cowardly (= not at all brave) (v.)?

A

craven (adj.)

  • a craven act of terrorism
258
Q

behavior that is intended to prevent the truth about something unpleasant or not wanted from becoming known (n.)?

A

masquerade (n.)

  • They kept up the masquerade of being happily married for over 30 years.
259
Q

to force someone to go somewhere with you, often using threats or violence (v.)?

Syn: kidnap (v.)

A

abduct (v.)

  • The company director was abducted from his car by terrorists.
260
Q

small animals and insects that can be harmful and are difficult to control when they appear in large numbers (n.)?

A

vermin (n.)

  • Flies, lice, and cockroaches can all be described as vermin.
261
Q

a serious accident or bad event causing damage or suffering (n.)?

A

calamity (n.)

  • A series of calamities ruined them - floods, a failed harvest, and the death of a son.
262
Q

to waste money or supplies, or to waste opportunities by not using them to your advantage (v.)?

A

squander (v.)

  • They squandered a whole year’s savings on two weeks in the sun.
263
Q

your closest relation or relations?

A

next of keen

  • We will need a signature from her next of kin.
264
Q

to officially stop a document, ticket, law, etc. being legally or officially acceptable (v.)?

A

invalidate (v.)

  • A few minor factual errors should not invalidate the theory.
265
Q

determined not to complain or show your feelings, especially when something bad happens to you (adj.)?

A

stoic (adj.)

  • We knew she was in pain, despite her stoic attitude.

بلاکِش! صبور

266
Q

proudly refusing to obey authority (adj.)?

A

defiant (adj.)

  • The protesters remained defiant this morning.
267
Q

to look at someone or something with a very annoyed expression (v.)?

Syn: frown (v.)

A

scowl (v.)

  • The boy scowled at her and reluctantly followed her back into school.
268
Q

to risk money by guessing the result of something (v.)?

A

wager (v.)

  • I’ll wager you £5 that they’ll get there first.
269
Q

to make a long, high cry, usually because of pain or sadness (v.)?

A

wail (v.)?

  • The women gathered around the coffin and began to wail.
270
Q

to invent a plan, system, object, etc., usually using your intelligence or imagination (v.)?

Syn: invent (v.)

A

devise (v.)

  • He devised a new way to treat mental depression.
271
Q

a bad person who harms other people or breaks the law (n.)

A

villain (n.)

  • He’s either a hero or a villain, depending on your point of view.
272
Q

a person who is running away or hiding from the police or a dangerous situation (n.)?

A

fugitive (n.)

  • Thousands of fugitives are fleeing from the war-torn area.

پناهنده/ فراری از جنگ یا پلیس

273
Q

to die, especially in an accident or by being killed, or to be destroyed (v.)?

A

die (v.)

  • Three hundred people perished in the earthquake.
274
Q

polite expression for die (v.)?

A

pass away (v.)

  • She’s terribly upset because her father passed away last week.
275
Q

having little importance (adj.)?

Syn: unimportant

A

trivial (adj.)

  • I don’t know why he gets so upset about something so trivial.
275
Q

to cause a person or animal to be very calm or go to sleep by giving them a drug (v.)?

A

sedate (v.)

  • The patient is sedated.
276
Q

If something that is valuable is ___________, it is in a situation where it might be lost:

A

at stake

  • Thousands of lives will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive in the city soon.
277
Q

a fault or problem in something or someone that spoils that thing or person (n.)?

A

defect (n.)?

  • There are so many defects in our education system.
278
Q

(of a plant) to become weak and begin to bend towards the ground, or (of a person) to become weaker, tired, or less confident (v.)?

A

wilt (v.)

  • Cut flowers will soon wilt without water.
279
Q

to prevent something, especially a system, process, or event, from continuing as usual or as expected (v.)?

A

disrupt (v.)

  • The meeting was disrupted by a group of protesters.
280
Q

to avoid or escape from someone or something (v.)?

A

evade (v.)

  • Stop evading the question!

طفره رفتن

281
Q

to drink liquid so that you stop being thirsty (v.)?

A

quench (v.)

  • When it’s hot, it’s best to quench your thirst with water.
282
Q

to force someone to do something (v.)?

Syn: force (v.)

A

compel (v.)

  • He was compelled to wear shorts even in winter.
283
Q

to officially accuse someone of committing a crime in a law court (v.)?

A

prosecute (v.)

  • He was prosecuted for fraud.
284
Q

to cause someone who is angry or upset to be calm and satisfied (v.)?

A

pacify (v.)

  • It was difficult for the police to pacify the angry crowd.
285
Q

(of young birds) able to fly (adj.)?

A

fledged (adj.)

  • fully fledged birds
286
Q

someone who behaves in a silly or dangerous way (n.)?

A

lunatic (n.)

  • He drives like a lunatic.
287
Q

great courage (n.)?

A

valor (n.)

  • He was promoted to the rank of major in recognition of his valor during the battle.
288
Q

to say that someone is similar to or has the same qualities as someone else ?

A

liken (v.)

  • She’s been likened to a young Elizabeth Taylor.
289
Q

a small, sharp pointed growth on the stem of a plant (n.)?

A

thorn (n.)
ALSO thorny (adj.)

  • the thorny issue of taxation
290
Q

a tube that carries blood to the heart from the other parts of the body (n.)?

A

vein (n.)

  • I could feel the blood pulsing through my veins.
291
Q

to flow out suddenly and with force, in a fast stream (v.)?

A

spurt (v.)

  • His arm was spurting blood where the vein had been severed.
292
Q

many (adj.)?

A

numerous (adj.)

  • Retailers of this type, once rare, are now numerous.
293
Q

to escape by running away, especially because of danger or fear (v.)?

A

flee (v.)

  • She fled from the room in tears.
294
Q

great mental suffering and unhappiness, or great physical pain (n.)?

A

torment (n.)

  • Waiting for the result of the medical tests was sheer torment.
295
Q

using words in a clever and funny way (adj.)?

A

witty (adj.)

  • I think she’s one of the wittiest comics on television.
296
Q

to limit the ability of someone to do something, or to limit the development of something (v.)?

A

hinder (v.)

  • I don’t know if these changes are going to help or hinder the team.
297
Q

to come together, especially in preparation for fighting, or to cause to do this (v.)?

A

muster (v.)

  • The general mustered his troops.
298
Q

considered offensive to God or religion (adj.)?

A

blasphemous (adj.)

  • Some people believe such art is blasphemous.

خدانشناسانه/ بی دین و ایمان

299
Q

showing no respect for a god or a religion, often through language (adj.)?

A

profane (adj.)

  • Funny, profane, and fearless, she has become one of America’s biggest television celebrities.
300
Q

the action of frightening or threatening someone, usually in order to persuade them to do something that you want them to do (n.)?

A

intimidation (n.)

  • This attempt at intimidation only made me more determined.
301
Q

unhappy, disappointed, or without hope (adj.)?

A

dejected (adj.)

  • William felt dejected because he had sprained his ankle and had to sit out the game.
302
Q

to cause an injury to a joint (= a place where two bones are connected) by a sudden movement (v.)?

A

sparain (v.)

  • He stumbled and sprained a knee.
303
Q

to use someone or something unfairly for your own advantage (v.)?

A

exploit (v.)

  • Laws exist to stop companies from exploiting their employees.
304
Q

when a substance allows liquids or gases to go through it (adj.)?

A

permeable (adj.)

  • Certain types of sandstone are permeable to water.
305
Q

relating to or found on a river or rivers, or the banks of a river (adj.)?

A

riverine (adj.)

  • marine Vs. riverine
306
Q

covered with something hard or decorative (adj.)?

A

encrusted (adj.)

  • She arrived home with her knees encrusted with mud.
307
Q

the ability to understand an event or situation only after it has happened (adj.)?

A

hindsight (n.)

  • With hindsight, I should have taken the job.
308
Q

an object that holds a candle (n.)?

A

candlestick (n.)

309
Q

the hard, white, shiny substance that forms the covering of a tooth (n.)?

A

enamel (n.)

310
Q

making you feel slightly frightened or worried about your ability to achieve something (adj.)?

Syn: intimidating (adj.)

A

daunting (adj.)

  • making you feel slightly frightened or worried about your ability to achieve something.
311
Q

a large wild animal, similar to a cow but having a larger head and shoulders covered in hair, found in North America and Europe. The North American kind is also called a buffalo (n.)?

A

bison (n.)

312
Q

to sell something, especially a business or a part of a business (v.)?

Syn: sell(v.), remove (v.)

A

divest (v.)

  • a cyst divesting surgery
  • The company is divesting its less profitable business operations.
313
Q

not important, or not relating to the subject you are thinking about (adj.)?

A

immaterial (adj.)

  • The difference in our ages is immaterial.
314
Q

scientific methods of solving crimes, that involve examining objects or substances related to a crime (adj.)?

A

forensics (adj.)

  • forensic experts
  • forensic evidence
    علوم جنایی
315
Q

extremely bad, worrying, or without hope (adj.)?

Syn: abysmal (adj.)

A

grim (adj.)

  • The future looks grim.
316
Q

to have the feeling of not liking someone or something and thinking that they do not deserve your interest or respect (v.)?

A

disdain (v.)

  • The older musicians disdain the new, rock-influenced music.

به دیده تحقیر نگریستن

317
Q

the good reputation a person or organization has, based on their behavior and ability (n.)?

A

stature (n.)

  • an artist of great stature
318
Q

to make someone feel very upset or worried (v.)?

A

distress (v.)

  • I hope I haven’t distressed you with all these personal questions.
319
Q

one part of a subject, situation, etc. that has many parts (n.)?

A

facet (n.)

  • She has so many facets to her personality.
320
Q

able to express thoughts and feelings easily and clearly, or showing this quality (adj.)?

A

articulate (adj.)

  • an intelligent and highly articulate young woman
321
Q

a set of instructions, especially on an exam paper, usually printed in a different style or color (n.)?

A

rubric (n.)

  • Read/Follow the rubric carefully.
322
Q

An ________ smell or taste is strong and bitter and causes a burning feeling in the throat (adj.)?

A

acrid (adj.)

  • Clouds of acrid smoke issued from the building.
323
Q

very eager for something, especially a lot of food (adj.)?

A

voracious (adj.)

  • He’s a voracious reader of historical novels.
324
Q

an American walnut (n.)?

A
  • pecan/pecan pie
325
Q

a person who has captured a person or animal and refuses to release them (n.)?

A

captor (n.)

  • His captors deprived him of his basic human rights.
326
Q

someone who has a strong wish to have money and hates to spend it (n.)

A

miser (n.)

On environmental spending, the president is a miser.

خسیس

327
Q

_______ weather is unpleasant, especially with cold wind and rain (adj.)?

A

inclement

  • The concert in the park was postponed because of the inclement weather.
328
Q

willing to do what other people want (adj.)

A

acquiescent (adj.)

  • She has a very acquiescent nature.

حرف گوش کن

329
Q

to become dry, smaller, and covered with lines as if by crushing or folding, or to make something do this (v.)?

A

shrivel (v.)

  • You ought to pick that lettuce before it shrivels (up) and dies.
  • The hot sun shriveled the flowers.

پژمرده شدن

329
Q

not having an obvious order or plan (adj.)?

A

haphazard (adj.)

  • He tackled the problem in a haphazard manner.
330
Q

to ask for information (v.)?

A

inquire (v.)

  • Shall I inquire about the price of the tickets?
331
Q

to get or obtain something (v.)?

A

acquire (v.)

  • From humble beginnings he went on to acquire great wealth.
332
Q

to express in words (v.)?

Syn: express (v.)

A

articulate (v.)

  • I found myself unable to articulate my feelings.
333
Q

to represent or show something in a picture or story (v.)?

A

depict (v.)

  • In the book, he depicts his father as a tyrant.
333
Q

an official statement of what a person has decided should be done with their money and property after their death (n.)?

A

will (n.)

  • Have you made a will yet?
334
Q

a metal pin used to fasten flat pieces of metal or other thick materials such as leather (n.)

A

rivet (n.)

پرچ

335
Q

feeling that you have the right to do or have what you want without having to work for it or deserve it, just because of who you are (adj.)?

Syn: selfish (adj.)

A

entitled (adj.)

  • These kids are spoiled and entitled.
336
Q

to be forced to do something or feel that you must do something (adj.)?

A

obliged (adj.)

  • Doctors are legally obliged to take care of patients.
337
Q

something of great importance on which everything else depends (n.)?

A

cornerstone (n.)

  • All the parties to the dispute agree that ready access to the law is a cornerstone of democracy.
338
Q

full of anger, arguments, and bad feeling (adj.)?

Syn: bitter (adj.)

A

acrimonious (adj.)

  • Their marriage ended eight years ago in an acrimonious divorce.
338
Q

the fact of having no effect or of achieving nothing (n.)

A

futility (n.)

  • People have got tired of the futility of war.

بی حاصلی و بی ثمری

339
Q

smelling or tasting very strong and sharp (adj.)?

A

pungent (adj.)

  • a cup of wonderfully pungent Turkish coffee.
339
Q

very brave or bravely determined, especially when things are difficult or the situation gives no cause for hope (adj.)?

Syn: brave (adj.)

A

valiant (adj.)

  • The company has made a valiant effort/attempt in the last two years to make itself more efficient.
339
Q

to try to discover information that other people do not want you to know, by asking questions carefully and not directly (v.)?

A

probe (v.)

  • The interviewer probed deep into her private life.
340
Q

money or objects that someone gives you when they die (n.)?

A

inheritance (n.)

  • The large inheritance from his aunt meant that he could buy his own boat.
340
Q

the controlling of the spread and/or amount of something, especially nuclear or chemical weapons (n.)?

A

non-proliferation (n.)

  • a non-proliferation treaty

عدم اشاعه

341
Q

the ability to say or do the right thing without making anyone unhappy or angry (n.)?

A

tact (n.)

  • The inspector broke the news to me with tact and consideration.

تدبیر و ملاحظه

341
Q

to take something, especially something necessary or pleasant, away from someone (v.)?

A

deprive (v.)

  • His captors deprived him of his basic human rights.
342
Q

to take something illegally from a person, company, etc., or to prevent someone from having something that is legally theirs by deceiving them (v.)?

A

defraud (v.)

  • She defrauded her employers of thousands of pounds.

کلاهبرداری کردن

342
Q

showing a willingness to take risks or offend people (adj.)?

A

audacious (adj.)

  • Only someone really audacious would take such a risk.
343
Q

to make something known publicly, or to show something that was hidden (v.)?

A

disclose (v.)

  • She refused to disclose any details of the plan.
344
Q

a small amount of food on a hook (= curved piece of wire) or in a special device used to attract and catch a fish or animal (n.)?

A

bait (n.)

  • We put down some poisoned bait to kill the rats.
344
Q

a small bed for a baby, especially one that moves from side to side (n.)?

A

cradle (n.)

  • The nurse rocked the cradle.
345
Q

to exchange a cheque, etc. for cash (v.)?

A

cash (v.)

Would you cash a check for me?

346
Q

covered with areas of different colors that do not form a regular pattern (adj.)?

A

mottled (adj.)

  • mottled skin

لکدار، خال خال

346
Q

the activity of drawing or painting using small spots or marks (n.)

A

stippling (n.)

  • Techniques such as stippling required a great deal of time and patience.
347
Q

an animal such as an octopus or squid, that has tentacles around the head (n.)?

A

cephalopod

348
Q

the ability of an organism to conceal itself especially from a predator by having a color, pattern, and shape that allows it to blend into the surrounding environment

Syn: camouflage

A

crypsis (n.)

349
Q

a lizard that changes skin color to match what surrounds it so that it cannot be seen (n.)

A

chameleon (n.)

349
Q

having none of the characteristics of life that an animal or plant has (adj.)

Syn: nonliving

A

inanimate (adj.)

  • inanimate objects like stones
349
Q

to use a space, area, time, etc. for a particular purpose (v.)?

A

devote (v.)

  • Most news magazines devote a section to external affairs.
350
Q
  • the point where a new or different situation is about to begin (n.)?
  • the edge of a cliff or other high area (n.)?
A

brink (n.)

  • These countries are on the brink of a disastrous famine.
351
Q

believing things that are not real or true (adj.)?

A

deluded (adj.)

  • People are deluded if they think climate change is going to fix itself.
351
Q

to say or speak very quietly (v.)?

A

murmur (v.)

  • He was murmuring to himself.
352
Q

a feeling that you want to do a particular thing, or the fact that you prefer or are more likely to do a particular thing (n.)?

A

inclination (n.)

  • We should be basing our decisions on solid facts, not inclinations and hunches.
352
Q

everything that a person owns when they die (n.)?

A

estate (n.)

  • She left her entire estate to her niece.
353
Q

an idea that is based on feeling and for which there is no proof (n.)?

Syn: inclination (n.)

A

hunch (n.)

  • I had a hunch that you’d be here.
353
Q

to discover the meaning of something written badly or in a difficult or hidden way (v.)

Syn: decode (v.), decrypt (v.)

A

decipher (v.)

  • Can you decipher the writing on this envelope?
354
Q

continuing for ever in the same way (adj.)?

A

perpetual (adj.)

  • She resented his perpetual complaining about her cooking.
354
Q

the most successful or admired part of a system or achievement (n.)?

A

pinnacle

  • By the age of 32 she had reached the pinnacle of her career.
355
Q

to announce something clearly, firmly, publicly, or officially (v.)?

A

declare (v.)

  • America declared war on Japan in 1941.
356
Q

to do or complete something, especially that you have said you would do or that you have been told to do (v.)?

A

carry out something (v.)

  • Dr Carter is carrying out research on early Christian art.
356
Q

a small, narrow crack or space, especially in the surface of rock (n.)?

A

crevice (n.)

  • The floors were full of crevices and those crevices were full of germs.
357
Q

the fact that you want and plan to do something (n.)?

A

intent (n.)

  • I spent half an hour on the phone, which wasn’t my intent.

قصد و منظور

358
Q

the highest point of a mountain (n.)?

Syn: peak (n.), pinnacle (n.)

A

summit (n.)

  • On this day in 1784, they reached the summit of Mont Blanc.
358
Q

to make someone or something extremely wet (v.)?

A

drench (v.)

The athletes were drenched with sweat.

359
Q

to order someone to come to or be present at a particular place, or to officially arrange a meeting of people (v.)?

A

summon (v.)

  • We were summoned to the headmaster’s office.
360
Q

someone who owes money (n.)?

Opp: creditor (n.)

A

debtor (n.)

360
Q

quick and exact either in movement or thoughts (adj.)?

A

nimble (adj.)

  • His nimble mind calculated the answer before I could key the numbers into my computer.
360
Q

making you feel satisfied that you have done something important or useful, or done something well (adj.)?

A

rewarding (adj.)

  • Is it a rewarding job?
360
Q

to develop gradually, or to cause something or someone to develop gradually:

A

evolve (v.)

  • humans evolved from apes.
360
Q

dead (adj.) (formal)?

A

deceased (adj.)

  • the recently deceased Member of Parliament
361
Q

not familiar with something, or not used to something (adj.)?

A

unaccustomed (adj.)

  • They finished their supper with unaccustomed speed.
  • The visitors were unaccustomed to country roads.
361
Q

a person or group who receives money, advantages, etc. as a result of something else (n.)?

A

beneficiary (n.)

  • Her wife was the chief beneficiary of her will.
361
Q

illegal or not acceptable, or behaving in a way that is illegal or not acceptable (adj.)?

A

delinquent (adj.)

  • delinquent teenager

قانون گریز

362
Q

a short, loud, high cry, especially one produced suddenly as an expression of a powerful emotion (n.) (v.)?

A

shriek (n.) (v.)

  • “Don’t you dare do that ever again!” she shrieked.
  • shrieks of delight
362
Q

to persuade someone that something false is the truth, or to keep the truth hidden from someone for your own advantage (v.)?

Syn: trick (v.)

A

deceive (v.)

  • The company deceived customers by selling old computers as new ones.
363
Q

weak and without energy, strength, or power (adj.)?

Sun: weak (adj.), puny (adj.)

A

feeble (adj.)

  • He was a feeble, helpless old man.
363
Q

to make something secret known (v.)?

A

divulge (v.)

  • Journalists do not divulge their sources.
364
Q

to criticize something or someone strongly and publicly (v.)?

Syn: criticize (v.), condemn (v.)

A

denounce (v.)

  • We must denounce injustice and oppression.
    محکوم کردن
364
Q

a sudden large or too large amount, especially one that seems to be uncontrolled (n.)?

A

torrent (n.)

  • He let out a torrent of angry words.
365
Q

someone who has done something wrong (n.)?

Syn: criminal (n.), felon (n.)

A

culprit (n.)

  • Police hope the public will help them to find the culprits.
  • I’m getting fat and sugar is the main culprit.
365
Q

unsuccessful; of no value (adj.)?

A

vain (adj.)

  • The doctors gave him more powerful drugs in the “vain hope” that he might recover.
  • vain attempt

بی پایه/ ناامیدانه/ بی حاصل

365
Q

If a condition subsides, it becomes less strong or extreme:

A

subside (v.)

  • Her anger subsided.
366
Q

to criticize someone or something in a way that shows you do not respect or value him, her, or it (v.)?

Syn: belittle (v.)

A

disparage (v.)

  • He never missed an opportunity to disparage his competitors.
367
Q

a remark that suggest something sexual or unpleasant but do not refer to it directly (n.)?

Syn: implication (n.), insinuation (n.)

A

innuendo (n.)

  • sexual innuendo

حرف درگوشی/ پچ پچ

367
Q

to spoil something, making it less good or less enjoyable (v.)?

A

mar (v.)

  • I hope the fact that Louise isn’t coming won’t mar your enjoyment of the evening.
  • Water will mar the finish of polished wood.
367
Q

a wide smile (n.)

A

grin (n.)

  • The baby turned and gave me a toothy grin.
368
Q

to (cause to) start burning or explode (v.)?

A

ignite (v.)

  • The fuel spontaneously ignited.
369
Q

to request help from someone, especially a god, when you want to improve a situation (v.)?

A

invoke (v.)

  • Their sacred dance is performed to invoke ancient gods.
  • You may have to invoke the program from the command line.

فرا خواندن

370
Q

considered to be holy and deserving respect, especially because of a connection with a god (adj.)?

Syn: holly (adj.)

A

sacred (adj.)

  • sacred temples
371
Q

an object, tradition, or system from the past that continues to exist (adj.)?

A

relic (adj.)

  • The ship was a relic of the Spanish-American War.

یادگار

371
Q

to do or be better than (v.)?

Syn: outcompete (v.)

A

surpass (v.)

  • The book’s success has surpassed everyone’s expectations.
372
Q

to become smaller in size or amount, or fewer in number (v.)?

A

dwindle (v.)

  • The population dwindled from 40,000 to 24,000.
372
Q

to (cause something to) shake or move from side to side in a way that shows poor balance (v.)?

A

wobble (v.)

  • Don’t wobble the table!
  • I gave the poles a wobble and the whole tent collapsed.
372
Q

to injure a person so severely that a part of their body will no longer work as it should (v.)?

A

maim (v.)

  • Many civilians have been maimed by land mines.
373
Q

A _____ object takes up a lot of space, or is difficult to move or carry (adj.)?

A

bulky (adj.)

  • Early mobile phones were bulky and expensive.
373
Q

to excuse someone or something from a duty, payment, etc. (v.)?

A

exempt (v.)

  • Pregnant women are exempt from dental charges.
374
Q

behavior, especially a child’s, that is slightly bad but is not intended to cause serious harm or damage (n.)?

شیطونی

A

mischief (n.)

  • She’s a lively little girl, full of mischief.
375
Q

to cause a person or animal to suffer or worry (v.)?

t____ (v.)

A

torment (v.)

  • It tormented me all day.
376
Q

to end an activity or custom officially (v.)?
a____

A

abolish (v.)

  • Bullfighting should be abolished.
376
Q

intended as a punishment (adj.)?

p_____

A

punitive (adj.)

  • The UN has imposed punitive sanctions on the invading country.
377
Q

a person who will legally receive money, property, or a title from another person, especially an older member of the same family, when that other person dies (n.)?

A

heir (n.)

  • The French finance minister is heir to a tradition of central control that goes back to Louis XIV.
377
Q

to (cause to) change color with dry heat, or to burn slightly (v.)?

A

scorch (v.)

  • The iron was too hot and he scorched the shirt.
378
Q

detailed and careful (adj.)?

A

thorough (adj.)

  • thorough revision of the manuscript
378
Q

to get enough food or money to stay alive, but no more (v.)?

A

subsist (v.)

  • They were subsisting on bread and water.
379
Q

too proud of yourself, esp. in your appearance or achievements (adj.)?

V____

A

vain (adj.)

  • This might sound vain, but I know I’m better than she is.
379
Q

deceiving people in a clever way in order to get what you want (adj.)?

موذی

A

sly (adj.)

  • a sly old fox
380
Q

something that is likely to cause harm (adj.)?

Syn: danger (n.)

A

menace (n.)

  • Drunk drivers are a menace to everyone.
381
Q

to remove fears, doubts, and false ideas, usually by proving them wrong or unnecessary (v.)?

A

dispel (v.)

  • dispelling rumors
  • We need to dispel the myths and establish real facts.
381
Q

to talk or write about past experiences that you remember with pleasure (v.)?

r_____

A

reminisce (v.)

  • My grandfather used to reminisce about his years in the navy.
382
Q

to speak quietly and in a way that is not clear so that the words are difficult to understand (v.)?

A

mumble (v.)

  • She mumbled something about being too busy.
383
Q

to change something, usually slightly, or to cause the characteristics of something to change (v.)?

A

alter (v.)

  • Giving up our car has radically altered our lifestyle.
383
Q

a violent storm (n.)?

A

‘tempest (n.)

  • tempest in a teapot هیاهو بسیار برای هیچ
383
Q

to avoid doing or stop yourself from doing something (v.)?

r______

A

refrain (v.)

  • Please refrain from smoking.
383
Q

very good; excellent (adj.)?

in the family of fable

A

fabulous (adj.)

383
Q

impossible or almost impossible to read because of being very untidy or not clear (adj.)?

A

illegible (adj.)

  • His writing is almost illegible.
383
Q

very bad (adj.)?

h______

A

horrid (adj.)

  • It was a horrid purple color which she detested.
384
Q

to eat something eagerly and in large amounts so that nothing is left (v.)?

d_______

A

devour (v.)

  • The young cubs hungrily devoured the deer.
  • The flames quickly devoured the building.
384
Q

an urgent and emotional request (n.)?

p____

A

plea (n.)

  • They made a desperate plea for help.
384
Q

the covering made of soft, smooth threads that surrounds and protects particular insects during the pupa stage as they develop into adult form (n.)?

A

cocoon (n.)

385
Q

If a piece of knitted or woven cloth, a knot, or a mass of thread _______, it separates into a single thread, and if you unravel it, you separate it into a single thread (v.)?

A

unravel (v.)

  • The cocoon started to unravel
386
Q

to be greater in number than someone or something (v.)?

A

outnumber (v.)

  • In our office, the women outnumber the men three to one.
386
Q

very interesting because of being unusual or mysterious (adj.)?

A

intriguing (adj.)

  • She has a really intriguing personality.
386
Q

Syn: take revenge?

A

exact (v.)

  • exact revenge
386
Q

showing a careful use of money, especially by avoiding waste (adj.)?

A

thrifty (adj.)

  • They have plenty of money now, but they still tend to be thrifty.
387
Q

someone who has a great desire to possess money and hates to spend it, sometimes living like a poor person because of this (n.)?

A

miser (n.)
miserly (adj.)

  • On environmental spending, the president is a miser.
  • My father was pretty miserly.
388
Q

to touch or attack someone in a sexual way against their wishes (v.)?

m____

A

molest (v.)

  • The girl had been molested frequently by her stepfather from the age of eight.
389
Q

very well known and important (adj.)?

A

prominent (adj.)

  • a prominent member of the Saudi royal family
390
Q

to formally praise someone or something (v.)?

A

commend (v.)

  • The judge commended her for her bravery.
390
Q

a person who studies birds (n.)?

A

ornithologist (n.)

390
Q

to be extremely good at something (v.)?

A

excel (v.)

  • Rebecca always excelled in languages at school.
391
Q

a river or stream that flows into a larger river or a lake (n.)?

A

tributary (n.)

  • The Missouri River is a tributary of the Mississippi River.
392
Q

behaving in a way, or describing behavior, that is slightly bad but is not intended to cause serious harm or damage (adj.)?

شیطنت آمیز/ کرم آلود

A

mischievous (adj.)

  • I think these rumors are mischievous.
393
Q
A
394
Q
A
395
Q
A

Mac Professional English (1 decks)

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