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NSC > MAGMA & VOLCANISM > Flashcards

MAGMA & VOLCANISM Flashcards

1
Q

This collision led to the formation of the moon and a differentiated earth

A

COLLISION OF EARTH WITH THE THEIA

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2
Q

What is the temperature of Earth’s core?

A

5000C to 7000C

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3
Q

The molten rocks that are found beneath earth’s surface are called

A

MAGMA

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4
Q

When magma emerges to the surface, it is called ___

A

LAVA

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5
Q

The viscosity of magma generally depends on

A

SILICA CONTENT

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6
Q

What is the temperature of Magma?

A

800C to 1400C

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7
Q

How are magmas formed?

A

formed under certain circumstances in special locations - deep in the crust or in the upper mantle

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8
Q

Melting can occur when the temperature stays the same but the pressure decreases.

A

DECOMPRESSION MELTING

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9
Q

When Volatile or Gaseous subtance are added into hot solid rocks

A

FLUX MELTING

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10
Q

It is the melting of surrounding rocks caused by very hot magma that brings in additional heat.

A

HEAT TRANSFER MELTING

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11
Q

The melting temperature of the rock (lower than the melting temperature of its constituent minerals.

A

EUTECTIC TEMPERATURE

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12
Q

When a rock begins to melt, only certain minerals are melted

A

PARTIAL MELTING

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13
Q

High temperatures melt rock, forming magma with a different composition. When separated from incompletely melted rock, magma retains low-temperature components, while solid rock contains high-temperature ones.

A

FRACTIONATION

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14
Q

This occurs when magmas cools and mineral grains start to form

A

Crystallization

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15
Q

TEXTURE OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

A
  1. Phanaritic (coarse-grained)
  2. Aphanitic (fine-grained)
  3. Porphyritic (two-distinct grain sizes)
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16
Q

It is a vent that serves as the conduit of lava or the molten rock that reaches Earth’s surface. The funnel-shaped depression where materials are ejected is called crater.

A

VOLCANO

17
Q

Ejects ash and larger fragments of broken up pyroclastic materials, forming ash clouds

A

Explosive

18
Q

Flow of lava and formation of fountain and lakes

A

Effusive

19
Q

Very broad dome with a gentle slope that covers a very wide area.

A

SHIELD VOLCANO

20
Q

Composed of intermediate to felsic rocks and they tend to build large and high volcanic edifice.

A

COMPOSITE VOLCANO

21
Q

Consists of a small cone formed by spattering of lava. It is composed of cinder with mafic composition.

A

CINDER CONE VOLCANO

NSC (7 decks)

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