Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

L&D > Make it Stick > Flashcards

Make it Stick Flashcards

1
Q

What is learning?

A

Acquiring knowledge and having them readily available from memory for so you can make sense of future problems and opportunities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is mastery?

A

The gradual accretion of knowledge, conceptual understanding, judgment, and skill. It’s the possession of ready knowledge and the conceptual understanding of how to use it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What makes learning stick?

A

It’s deeper and more durable when it’s effortful.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a more effective learning strategy than reviewing by reading?

A

Retrieval practice - recalling facts from memory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What helps in achieving better mastery when using testing?

A

Identifying areas of weaknesses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is elaboration in learning?

A

The process of giving new material meaning by expressing it in your own words and connecting it with what you already know.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How can learning be strengthened and last longer?

A

When learning is harder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is one key factor in achieving complex mastery?

A

Extracting the key ideas from new materials, organizing them into a mental model, and connecting the model to prior knowledge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the advantage of going wide in learning?

A

Learning better.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the role of prior knowledge in new learning?

A

A foundation for all new learning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is one of the best learner habits?

A

Self-quizzing

Self-quizzing does not have to be initiated by an instructor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can reflection lead to for stronger learning?

A

Retrieving earlier knowledge from memory, connecting these to new experiences, and visualizing what you’ll do differently next time.

Reflection is a key component in enhancing learning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the best way to practice retrieval?

A

Repeated retrieval, especially when spaced out.

Spacing out retrieval sessions enhances learning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does allowing forgetting to happen between testing sessions impact learning?

A

It strengthens the effect of retrieval.

Forgetting between testing sessions can enhance the learning process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What strengthens retention more than testing alone?

A

Giving feedback.

Feedback plays a crucial role in strengthening memory retention.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What produces better learning than immediate feedback?

A

Delaying feedback.

Delaying feedback can lead to more effective learning outcomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What facilitates better transfer of knowledge to different contexts?

A

Testing.

Testing can enhance the transfer of knowledge to various contexts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is the benefit of retrieval practice short-term or long-term?

A

Long-term.

Retrieval practice offers long-term benefits for learning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is one key aspect to effective learning according to the text?

A

Practice is more effective when broken up into separate trainings that are spaced out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How can new learning be embedded into long-term memory?

A

Memory traces are strengthened by giving them meaning and connecting them to prior knowledge, which happens over days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is interleaving and why is it beneficial for learning?

A

Interleaving involves practicing two or more subjects or skills in a mixed order, enabling better discrimination and enhancing learning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the importance of conceptual learning compared to factual knowledge?

A

Conceptual learning requires understanding the interrelationships of basic elements within larger structures, enabling them to function together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What type of practice helps in learning from experience according to the text?

A

Reflection, such as writing daily or weekly summaries of experiences, helps in learning from experience.

24
Q

What is the best kind of retrieval practice according to the text?

A

The best kind of retrieval practice is one that reflects what you’ll be doing with the knowledge later.

25
Q

What type of practice can lead to momentary strength but may not build underlying habit strength?

A

Repetitive practice without variation can lead to momentary strength but may not build underlying habit strength.

26
Q

What should the interval for spaced repetition be according to the text?

A

The interval for spaced repetition should be enough that the practice is not mindless and allows for a little forgetting to happen.

27
Q

How can interleaving help learners according to the text?

A

Interleaving can help learners discriminate between problems and select the right tools from their toolkit.

28
Q

Why is varied practice important for learners?

A

Varied practice helps learners build a broader schema to assess changing conditions and adjust responses to fit.

29
Q

What is the process of converting sensory perceptions into meaningful representations?

A

Encoding

30
Q

What is the term for strengthening mental representations for long-term memory?

A

Consolidation

31
Q

What is the term for retrieval from long-term memory that helps organize and solidify learning?

A

Reconsolidation

32
Q

What type of learning requires anchoring knowledge in long-term memory and associating it with diverse cues?

A

Retrieval

33
Q

What is the term for deeply entrenched skills or knowledge structures that can be applied in various situations?

A

Models

34
Q

What process involves struggling with solving a problem before being shown how to solve it?

A

Generative learning

35
Q

What is the term for the amount of information you can hold in your mind while working through a problem?

A

Working memory

36
Q

What are the three steps of the learning process?

A
  • Encoding
  • Consolidating
  • Retrieving
37
Q

Why is forgetting considered essential for new learning?

A

Forgetting is essential for new learning to create retrieval space.

38
Q

What is the term for difficulties that the learner cannot overcome?

A

Undesirable difficulties

39
Q

What is metacognition?

A

Monitoring your own thinking.

40
Q

What is System 1 in the context of thinking?

A

Automatic and deeply influential but susceptible to illusion.

41
Q

What is System 2 in the context of thinking?

A

Managing yourself, checking impulses, planning ahead, identifying choices, and thinking through things.

42
Q

What is imagination inflation?

A

The tendency to believe that an imagined event actually occurred.

43
Q

What is the curse of knowledge?

A

Underestimating the time it takes for others to learn something new or perform a task.

44
Q

What is the false consensus effect?

A

The phenomenon where individuals believe others share their beliefs.

45
Q

What are some tools and habits for calibrating judgment?

A
  • Use of testing
  • Use of retrieval practice
  • Flashcards, explaining key concepts to yourself, peer instruction
  • Corrective feedback
  • Training in settings similar to the real world
46
Q

What is fluid intelligence?

A

The ability to reason, see relationships, think abstractly, and hold information in the mind while working on a problem

47
Q

What is crystallized intelligence?

A

One’s accumulated knowledge of the world and the procedures or mental models developed from past experiences

48
Q

What are the two types of intelligences mentioned?

A
  • Logical, spatial, linguistic, kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic
  • Analytical, creative, practice
49
Q

What does IQ not measure according to the text?

A

Complex reasoning

50
Q

What is Sternberg’s concept of developing expertise?

A

Moving from a lower state of competence to a higher one, with tests showing the current position in the continuum

51
Q

What is the recommendation for testing and improvement according to the text?

A

Use dynamic testing: determine expertise state, focus on low-performance areas, measure improvement, and repeat

52
Q

What is structure building in learning?

A

The act of extracting salient ideas and constructing a coherent mental framework out of them

53
Q

What type of learners learn new material better according to the text?

A

High-structure builders

54
Q

What is the difference between a rule learner and an example learner?

A
  • Rule learner abstracts the underlying principle that differentiates examples
  • Example learner memorizes examples rather than principles
55
Q

What is emphasized as essential for knowledge according to the text?

A

Understanding how underlying principles work and fitting them together into a larger structure

56
Q

Do differences in problems require different solutions or common solutions?

A

Are the differences such that they require different solutions or are the similarities such that they respond to a common solution?

L&D (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions